Research Techniques in Animal Ecology - Chapter 1 pot

... role of hypotheses in eco- logical research. Hypothesis Testing in Ecology 3 ᭿ What Is a Hypothesis? Hypotheses must be universal in their application, but the meaning of univer- sal in ecology ... from the density-dependent paradigm to a conservation biologist studying an en- Hypothesis Testing in Ecology 11 Oregon and Washington (Bart and Forsman 19 92; Carey et al. 19...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... necks, wings, backs, retrices and other feathers, under the skin, in the body, by banding, col- laring, wing tagging, harnessing, gluing, tying, suturing, clamping, and implanting (Kenward 19 87; ... 4 Conservation Biology 10 8 0 2 Ecology 31 28 2 1 Journal of Animal Ecology 15 15 0 0 Journal of Wildlife Management 37 30 3 4 Oecologia 12 10 0 2 Oikos 17 15 0 2 Total 238 21...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... the value of information. American Naturalist 13 4: 12 8 14 0. Swihart, R. K. and N. A. Slade. 19 85a. Testing for independence of observations in animal movements. Ecology 66: 11 76 11 84. Swihart, ... environments: Are we missing the point? Comments. Theoretical Biology 1: 12 9 15 8. Erlinge, S. 19 77. Spacing strategy in stoat Mustela erminea. Oikos 28: 32–42. Erlinge, S. 1...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... habitats. Considering that, in general, animals in poor-quality habitats should be trying to leave and ones in high-quality habitats trying to stay (and keep com- petitors out), Winker et al. (19 95) posited ... 19 78. Measuring preference in selective predation. Ecology 59: 211 – 215 . Chesson, J. 19 83. The estimation and analysis of preference and its relationship to foraging m...

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... 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 30 40 70 Herbs, Compositae 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 30 40 80 Herbs, non-Compositae 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 30 30 50 80 Turtles 10 10 10 10 ... 10 10 10 10 20 20 40 40 50 70 90 17 0 Terrestrial salamanders 10 10 10 10 10 10 20 20 20 40 50 50 70 11 0 19 0 Large-bodied birds 10 10 10 10 10 1...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Wildlife Management 61: 12 –25. Spalinger, D. E., T. A. Hanley, and C. T. Robbins. 19 88. Analysis of the functional response in foraging in the Sitka black-tailed deer. Ecology 69: 11 66 11 75. Stephens, ... (Orcinus orca). Ecology 74: 14 44 14 55. Broomhead, D. S. and R. Jones. 19 89. Time-series analysis. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A423: 10 3 12 1. 286 MARK S....

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... (Conroy et al. 19 95; Dun- ning et al. 19 95; Holt et al. 19 95; Turner et al. 19 95), providing another ap- proach to incorporating spatial stochasticity into the model. As suggested by Boyce (19 92), Stacey ... WHITE var(S  19 81 ) = ᎏ S  19 81 (1 46 – S  19 81 ) ᎏ which equals 0.0047773. A spreadsheet program (VARCOMP.WB1) com- putes the estimate of temporal process variatio...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Allogrooming Behavior (bottom) Among Nine Wood Mice Receiver (avoid) M1 M2 M3 F1 F2 M 4 F3 F4 M5 M1 * 52 18 0 9 18 19 2 11 66 26 M2 8 * 22 0 6 15 3 11 0 M3 10 15 * 6 10 18 4 10 16 F1000 *10 012 Actor ... 16 F1000 *10 012 Actor (fight) F 211 60*6287 M424 413 *444 F3023 010 *03 F 45350430 *1 M50 010 0000* Receiver M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 F1 F 2 F 3 F 4 M1 * 1 0 3 0 62 15 12 4 13 M...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... defined, 215 ; index-abundance relationships, 214 17 ; non-linear (asymptotic) relationship, 215 ; sampling errors, 217 , 223, 226; saturation phenomena, 215 17 ; threshold relationship, 215 17 ; types of indices, 214 ; ... 260–62 macro-microhabitat, 11 9–20, 14 6 Mahalanobis distance, 407–408 mallard duck, 12 4, 376 Manly-Chesson index, 11 5, 12 6, 12 8–30 mapping accuracy, 416 – 21...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 13:20

... Brigham. 19 88. Load carrying and maneuverability in an Defining Habitats 11 8 Measuring Habitat Use 12 0 Measuring Habitat Availability 12 2 Assessing Habitat Selection: Fatal Flaw 1 127 Inferring Habitat ... Manipulations 17 7 The Role of Foraging Theory in Understanding Food Habits 17 9 Lessons 18 1 Sample Resolution and Information Obtained 18 1 Improving Sample Resolution an...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:57