Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 1 doc

... Verghese7 .1 Introduction 11 37.2 Organic versus Conventional Extra-Virgin Olive Oil 11 87.2 .1 Summary 11 87.2.2 Denition of the Case Study 11 87.2.3 Entry Gate and Drivers 11 87.2.4 Implementation 11 87.2.5 ... Three Types of Life Cycle Costing 15 38 .1. 1 Conventional LCC 15 3© 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) 1 1IntroductionHistory of Life Cycle Costing, Its Categorization, ... 7 .1 Characterization of the life cycle costing case studies evaluated 11 4Table 7.2 Summary of life cycle costing case studies 11 6Table 7.3 Internal costs of organic and conventional extra-virgin...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 2 doc

... €/kWh 2 01 €Detergents 18 3.84 kg 1. 76 €/kg 324 €End-of -life costs 1 0.00 € 0 €Sum 1, 306 €MaintenanceMaintenance of washing machine 1 10 € per annum 11 0 €Sum 11 0 €End of life Collection 1 8 ... 806 € 11 0 € –34 € 567 €Note: Years: 1 = production, 2 to 12 = 11 years of use, and 13 = end of life. Years Producer Private households Government/societyA+C+D B+C D+E 1 342 € — 10 3 €2 to 12 20 ... — 10 3 €2 to 12 20 € 896 € 464 € 13 –42 € — 8 €Total 320 € 896 € 575 €Note: Years: 1 = production, 2 to 12 = 11 years of use, and 13 = end of life. *End-of -life costs and savings related to...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 4 docx

... 1. 56 10 12 1. 1 1. 72 10 12 1. 62Ag-ore 1. 30 10 754000 7.02 10 11 0.66Al-ore 2 .11 10 1 0.439 9.26 10 90. 01 Au-ore 1. 46 10 6 1. 19 10 6 1. 74 10 12 1. 64Cu-ore 9.03 10 9208 1. 88 10 12 1. 77Fe-ore ... GNPCO22.20 10 13 0 .10 8 2.38 10 12 2.24SO2 1. 70 10 11 3.27 5.56 10 11 0.52NOx 1. 53 10 11 2 .13 3.26 10 11 0. 31 Fossil oil 3.40 10 12 0.506 1. 72 10 12 1. 62Fossil coal 3 .17 10 12 0.0498 1. 58 10 11 0 .15 Natural ... 5.07 10 11 0.9 61 4.87 10 11 0.46Pt-ore 1. 24 10 57.43 10 69. 21 10 11 0.87Pd-ore 9.90 10 47.43 10 67.36 10 11 0.69Pb-ore 2.80 10 9 17 5 4.90 10 11 0.46P-minerals 1. 73 10 1 4.47 7.73 10 1 0.07Total...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 5 doc

... copper-plating subprocess to mask the part for the nitriding operation. This would, © 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) Life Cycle Costing in Life Cycle Management ... concepts, can also serve as a basis to distinguish life cycle costing from these concepts. Life cycle costing does not replace any other cost-ing approach in business and industry, but is strictly ... environ-mental costs and impacts, without a conversion from monetary to environmental units, or vice versa. Environmental LCC comprises LCA-compatible methods, shar-ing, as was noted in Chapter 1, ...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 7 doc

... 2 013 19 85 210 410 600 790 980 11 60 13 30 15 00 16 60 18 20 19 90 18 0 350 520 680 840 10 00 11 40 12 90 14 30 15 70 19 95 16 0 310 450 600 740 870 10 00 11 30 12 50 13 702000 14 0 270 400 520 640 760 870 980 10 90 ... 10 90 11 902004620 740 850 970 10 70 11 80 12 80 13 80 14 70 15 70Cumulated Costs (with discounting)0500 1. 000 1. 5002.0002.500Euro2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2 010 2 011 2 012 2 013 Year 19 85 19 90 19 95 ... (VCD) Opel Corsa 1. 0 Twinport Fiat Punto 1. 2 8V Citroen C2 1. 1 11 6 Environmental Life Cycle Costing TABLE 7.2Summary of life cycle costing case studiesCase study Life cycle cost (€ per unit)Selling...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 9 doc

... approximately in 19 90; © 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) 16 2 Environmental Life Cycle Costing raw material acquisition to production, use, end-of -life treatment, ... assessment (Hun-keler and Rebitzer 20 01; Norris 20 01; Rebitzer 2002; Klöpffer 2003; Klöpffer and Renner 2008). This environmental LCC (see Chapter 3) is based on the physical life cycle used in ... 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) 15 79OutlookRole of Environmental Life Cycle Costing in Sustainability AssessmentWalter Klöpffer9 .1 SUSTAINABILITYThe...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 1 ppt

... Compounds 13 9 11 .1 Introduction 13 9 11 .2 Sources 13 9 11 .3 Petroleum Hydrocarbons 14 0 11 .3 .1 Alkanes 14 0 11 .3 .1. 1 Properties and Use 14 0 11 .3 .1. 2 Health Effects 14 1 11 .3.2 Alkenes 14 2 11 .3.2 .1 Properties ... Use 14 2 11 .3.2.2 Health Effects 14 2 11 .3.3 The Aromatic Hydrocarbons 14 2 11 .3.3 .1 Benzene 14 3 11 .3.3.2 Toluene 14 4 11 .3.3.3 The Xylenes 14 4 11 .4 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 14 5 11 .4 .1 Introduction ... Materials 18 7 13 .1 Introduction 18 7 13 .2 Insecticides 18 7 13 .2 .1 Chlorinated Hydrocarbons 18 8 13 .2 .1. 1 DDT 18 8 13 .2.2 Organophosphorus Compounds 19 1 13 .2.3 Carbamates 19 3 13 .3 Herbicides 19 4 13 .4...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 2 docx

... a — 12 .8 a — 19 60 12 5.8 0.3 19 .2 50 19 70 12 9.8 3.5 28.4 12 2 19 80 13 2.8 5.9 36.4 18 4 19 90 13 5.0 7.6 41. 4 223 19 95 12 9.9 3.5 39.7 210 a The rate of 19 50 was used as basis of comparison.From ... Figures — 19 99 , 19 99, 4. 10 . American Chemical Society, Chem. & Eng. News , April 18 , 19 94, 13 . 11 . Lapporte, J.R., Effect of dioxin exposure, Lancet , 1, 10 49, 19 77. 12 . Kalter, ... Table 2 .1 Changing Causes of Death in the U.S. Between 19 00 and 19 95 Year 19 00 19 50 19 95Rank % Rank % Rank % 1 Pneumonia-inﬂuenza bronchitis 14 .4 a 1 Disease of heart 36.6 a 1 Disease...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 3 docx

... included iodine -1 3 1 with a half -life of 8 days; cesium -1 3 4 and cesium -1 3 7 with half-lives of two and 30 years, respec-tively; and several plutonium isotopes with half-lives ranging from 13 to 24,000 ... LA 415 4/frame/C03 Page 21 Wednesday, May 17 , 2000 3:42 PM© 20 01 by CRC Press LLC OCCURRENCE OF TOXICANTS 25 3.7 .1. 9 Tokyo, Japan, 19 70 This episode occurred in Tokyo, Japan, on July 18 , 19 70, ... episodes: (a) Bhopal, India, 19 84; (b) Chernobyl,USSR, 19 86; (c) Alaska’s oil spill, 19 89. LA 415 4/frame/C03 Page 29 Wednesday, May 17 , 2000 3:42 PM© 20 01 by CRC Press LLC 28 ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY...

Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 5 docx

... A–·(5.3)55 1+  +12  1 1 2+255LA 415 4/frame/C05 Page 60 Thursday, May 18 , 2000 9:36 AM© 20 01 by CRC Press LLC 47 CHAPTER ... DDT 45 4 81 Chlordane 13 7 217 Toxaphene 80 293Endrin 6.69 16 .6 Organophosphates Parathion 4.86 37 .1 Malathion 759 14 01 Herbicide and Fungicides Diuron 437 2390Captan 480 12 ,600 a ... radical.)5SRWHQWLDOGDPDJH5+UHSDLUHGPROHFXOHYLWDPLQ(YLWDPLQ($$+ 1$ '+ 1$ 'LA 415 4/frame/C05 Page 61 Thursday, May 18 , 2000 9:36 AM© 20 01 by CRC Press LLCFACTORS AFFECTING XENOBIOTIC ACTION 65 11 . Explain the relationship...

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