Environmental Life Cycle Costing - Chapter 1 doc

... Verghese 7 .1 Introduction 11 3 7.2 Organic versus Conventional Extra-Virgin Olive Oil 11 8 7.2 .1 Summary 11 8 7.2.2 Denition of the Case Study 11 8 7.2.3 Entry Gate and Drivers 11 8 7.2.4 Implementation 11 8 7.2.5 ... Three Types of Life Cycle Costing 15 3 8 .1. 1 Conventional LCC 15 3 © 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) 1 1 Introduct...

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... €/kWh 2 01 € Detergents 18 3.84 kg 1. 76 €/kg 324 € End-of -life costs 1 0.00 € 0 € Sum 1, 306 € Maintenance Maintenance of washing machine 1 10 € per annum 11 0 € Sum 11 0 € End of life Collection 1 8 ... 806 € 11 0 € –34 € 567 € Note: Years: 1 = production, 2 to 12 = 11 years of use, and 13 = end of life. Years Producer Private households Government/society A+C+D B+C...

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... 1. 56 10 12 1. 1 1. 72 10 12 1. 62 Ag-ore 1. 30 10 7 54000 7.02 10 11 0.66 Al-ore 2 .11 10 1 0.439 9.26 10 9 0. 01 Au-ore 1. 46 10 6 1. 19 10 6 1. 74 10 12 1. 64 Cu-ore 9.03 10 9 208 1. 88 10 12 1. 77 Fe-ore ... GNP CO 2 2.20 10 13 0 .10 8 2.38 10 12 2.24 SO 2 1. 70 10 11 3.27 5.56 10 11 0.52 NO x 1. 53 10 11 2 .13 3.26 10 11 0. 31 Foss...

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... copper-plating subprocess to mask the part for the nitriding operation. This would, © 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) Life Cycle Costing in Life Cycle Management ... concepts, can also serve as a basis to distinguish life cycle costing from these concepts. Life cycle costing does not replace any other cost- ing approach in busine...

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... 2 013 19 85 210 410 600 790 980 11 60 13 30 15 00 16 60 18 20 19 90 18 0 350 520 680 840 10 00 11 40 12 90 14 30 15 70 19 95 16 0 310 450 600 740 870 10 00 11 30 12 50 13 70 2000 14 0 270 400 520 640 760 870 980 10 90 ... 10 90 11 90 2004 620 740 850 970 10 70 11 80 12 80 13 80 14 70 15 70 Cumulated Costs (with discounting) 0 500 1. 000 1. 500 2.000 2.500 Euro...

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... approximately in 19 90; © 2008 by the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) 16 2 Environmental Life Cycle Costing raw material acquisition to production, use, end-of -life treatment, ... assessment (Hun- keler and Rebitzer 20 01; Norris 20 01; Rebitzer 2002; Klöpffer 2003; Klöpffer and Renner 2008). This environmental LCC (see Chapter 3) is based on the...

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... Compounds 13 9 11 .1 Introduction 13 9 11 .2 Sources 13 9 11 .3 Petroleum Hydrocarbons 14 0 11 .3 .1 Alkanes 14 0 11 .3 .1. 1 Properties and Use 14 0 11 .3 .1. 2 Health Effects 14 1 11 .3.2 Alkenes 14 2 11 .3.2 .1 Properties ... Use 14 2 11 .3.2.2 Health Effects 14 2 11 .3.3 The Aromatic Hydrocarbons 14 2 11 .3.3 .1 Benzene 14 3 11 .3.3.2 Toluene 14 4 11 .3.3....

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... a — 12 .8 a — 19 60 12 5.8 0.3 19 .2 50 19 70 12 9.8 3.5 28.4 12 2 19 80 13 2.8 5.9 36.4 18 4 19 90 13 5.0 7.6 41. 4 223 19 95 12 9.9 3.5 39.7 210 a The rate of 19 50 was used as basis of comparison. From ... Figures — 19 99 , 19 99, 4. 10 . American Chemical Society, Chem. & Eng. News , April 18 , 19 94, 13 . 11 . Lapporte, J.R., Effect of di...

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... included iodine -1 3 1 with a half -life of 8 days; cesium -1 3 4 and cesium -1 3 7 with half-lives of two and 30 years, respec- tively; and several plutonium isotopes with half-lives ranging from 13 to 24,000 ... LA 415 4/frame/C03 Page 21 Wednesday, May 17 , 2000 3:42 PM © 20 01 by CRC Press LLC OCCURRENCE OF TOXICANTS 25 3.7 .1. 9 Tokyo, Japan, 19 70 This episode occurred in T...

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