pattern recognition and neural networks (b d ripley)

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 09:59

... valid hypothesis, a decoded pattern must be a codeword of the code. If there were a decoded pattern in which the parity bits differed from the transmitted parity bits, but the source bits didn’t differ, ... probability of error, and add it to figure 1.12. [Don’t worry if you find it difficult to make a code better than the Hamming code, or if you find it difficult to find a good decoder for your...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 09:52

... filter, and a combined backward filter and smoother. Applications of Kalman filter theory may be extended to nonlinear dynamical systems, as summarized in Table 1.3. The derivation of the extended Kalman ... data, we use backward filtering, which starts at the final time N and runs backwards. Let ^ xx f k and ^ xx b k denote the state estimates obtained from the forward and backward recu...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 13:15

... values be developed, and the EKF procedures are effective at finding solutions for these problems. On the other hand, trained networks may need to be deployed with execution performed in fixed-point ... depend heavily upon driving patterns, and real-world driving patterns are not comprehensively represented by the mandated driving schedules. To better assess the emissions that occur in pr...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 13:15

... architecture described here could handle changes in shape, provided shape changes predictably and gradually over time. REFERENCES [1] D. J. Felleman and D. C. Van Essen, ‘‘Distributed hierarchical ... Girard and J. Bullier, ‘‘Cortical feedback improves discrimination between figure and background by V1, V2 and V3 neurons’’, Nature, 394, 784–787 (1998). [4] M.W. Oram and D. I. Pe...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 13:15

... taps spaced by 10 samples apart is constructed as dictated by the embedding parameters d E and t. The RMLP is initialized with a delay vector, constructed from the test samples, and passed through a ... embedding delay, we can construct a delay coordinate vector whose adjacent samples are as statistically independent as possible. To estimate the embedding dimension d E , we use the me...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 13:15

... network trained on y k (c ), and the series generated by a neural network trained on y k , using the dual EKF (d ). 5.5 APPLICATIONS 155 5 DUAL EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER METHODS Eric A. Wan and Alex T. ... autoregressive model. Results with an AR-14 model are reported by Moody et al. [44]. For comparison, both a linear AR-14 model and neural network (14 input, 4 hidden unit) model are...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 13:15

... pioneered by Baum and colleagues [2] and later generalized and named by Dempster et al. [3], was developed to learn parameters of statistical models in the presence of incomplete data or hidden variables. In ... system with a two-dimensional hidden state and 4 noisy outputs driven by Gaussian noise inputs and internal state noise. (a) The true dynamics vector field (arrows) and sta...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 13:15

... central difference interpolation filtering (CDF) techniques developed separately by Ito and Xiong [12] and Nørgaard, Poulsen, and Ravn [13]. In [7] van der Merwe and Wan show how the UKF and CDF can ... and velocity, and top and bottom pendulum angle and angular velocity, x ¼½x; _ xx; y 1 ; _ yy 1 ; y 2 ; _ yy 2 . The system parameters correspond to the length and mass of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 13:15