Plant physiology - Chapter 22 Ethylene: The Gaseous Hormone ppt

... trans- fers its other electron to one of the b-type hemes, releasing both of its protons to the lumenal side of the membrane. The b-type heme transfers its electron through the sec- ond b-type ... within the membrane. Thy- lakoid membrane proteins have one region pointing toward the stromal side of the membrane and the other ori- ented toward the interior portion of the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... acyl-ACP. The first committed step in the pathway (i.e., the first step unique to the synthesis of fatty acids) is the synthesis of malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA and CO 2 by the enzyme acetyl-CoA ... work (ATP synthesis). The ∆m ~ Η + is cou- pled to the synthesis of ATP by an additional protein com- plex associated with the inner membrane, the F o F 1 -ATP synthase. The...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20

... to the plasma membrane are called the trans face, and the cisternae closest to the cen- ter of the cell are called the cis face. The medial cisternae are between the trans and cis cisternae. The ... is, the two ends are different. In microtubules, the polarity arises from the polarity of the - and β-tubulin het- erodimer; in microfilaments, the polarity arises f...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... [L] (Leu) Isoleucine [I] (Ile) - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO C CH 2 C - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO - COO H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + + + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N + H 3 N...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... poten- tial of the cell is less than the water potential of the solution, the cell takes up water. After equilibration, the water potential of the cell rises to equal the water potential of the ... effectively decreases the electrostatic interaction between the charged substances and thereby increases their solubility. Further- more, the polar ends of water molecules can...

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... from the dicot Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco). The section was made perpendicular to the main sur- face of the leaf. The pore faces the atmosphere; the bottom faces the substomatal cavity inside the ... particularly dry envi- ronments or seasons of the year. These plants, designated the C 4 and CAM plants, utilize variations in the usual pho- tosynthetic pathway for fixat...

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... 4.3). The endodermis divides the root into two regions: the cor- tex toward the outside and the stele toward the inside. The stele contains the vascular elements of the root: the phloem, which transports ... longitudinal section of the apical region of the root. The meristematic cells are located near the tip of the root. These cells generate the root cap and...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 01:20

... across the membrane. The plasma mem- brane H + -ATPase generates the gradient of electrochemi- cal potentials of H + across the plasma membranes, while the vacuolar H + -ATPase and the H + -pyrophosphatase (H + -PPase) ... In contrast, the H + /K + -ATPase of the animal gastric mucosa pumps one H + out of the cell for every one K + in, so there is no net movement of charge a...

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... phosphates UTP ADP-glucose CHLOROPLAST CYTOSOL Glucose- 1- phosphate Glucose- 6- phosphate Glucose- 1- phosphate Glucose- 6- phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Starch H 2 O ATP P i P i P i P i P i P i PP i PP i Calvin ... glyceralde- hyde-3-phosphate via transketolase and produces ribose-5-phosphate (from C-3 to...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20

... does photosynthesis occur uni- formly within the leaf tissues, or is there a gradient in pho- tosynthesis across the leaf? The photosynthetic properties of a leaf are determined by the following: • ... tem- perature, the curve has a characteristic bell shape (Figure 9 .22) . The ascending arm of the curve represents a tempera- ture-dependent stimulation of photosynthesis up to a...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 20:20