La loai thao cao 40-80cm moc thanh bui. La moc doi phien d&i, dau hefi nhon phia cuong hep. Hoa trdng hodc hai hong. Qua gom 2 dai trong chufa hat nho mau
nau nhat. DC/a can moc hoang a nhieu noi trong ni/dc ta con trong lam canh va trong lay nguyen lieu lam thuoc.
- Bp phan dung
La, re, folium et radix catharanthi
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Alcaloid toan phan trong la trung binh 1%, trung binh d re 1,51% bao go m ca c a lca loid perivin, peviridin, perosin, catharantin cavicin, ajmalicin, vindolin, leucocristin, vinblastin, vincristin... co tdi tren 70 alcaloid. Tuy nhien hien nay van chi tap trung nghien ciiu mot so alcaloid chinh nhiJ vin blastin, ajmalicin, vincristin
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Tac dung ha huyet ap + Tac dung ha dirdng huyet + Tac dung an than
+ Tac dung chong ung thii (bach huyet) do 2 chat vinblastin va vincristin
- Cong dung
Re va la di/oc dung de chufa tang huyet ap lieu 8- 12g/ngay. De chufa huyet ap cao ngi/di ta con dung al caloid toan phan dtfdi dang vien nen, vdi lieu 3mg alcaloid toan phan tufOng dufang vdi 2 den 3 vien, uong
2 lan trong ngay. Di/a can cdn difOc dung de chQa benh
trong de lam nguyen lieu chiet xuat cdc alcaloid quan trong nhir ajmalicin, vinblastin de lam thuoc.
DAI HOANG
Rheum palmatum L. Ho Rau ram - Polygonaceae
- Dac diem thufc vat
Dai hoang la cay thuoc thao, song nhieu nam, than rong nhan co the cao tdi 2m. Ld co cuong dai, phien Id xe thanh nhieu thuy, mep thuy hoi c6 rang cifa. Cum hoa moc thanh chum, khi mdi ra co mau tim do.
Dai hoang co nguon goc tuf Trung Quoc. Hien nay tren thi trifdng Viet Nam c6 nhieu.
- Bq phan dung
Than re - Rhizoma Rhei
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
Hoat chat trong dai hoang la cac hop chat reoan- traglucozit: Rhein, em odii], cryzophanol, emodin- monometyl ete. Ngoai ra con co cac hop chat tanin.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Ha cholesterol mau
+ Tang tiet mat va bai trCf soi mat
+ Tac dung tay manh (do cac hop chat anthraglycozit) ma chu yeu la cdc hcrp chat d dang ket hop; vi tdi dai
trang duoc men phan giai thanh dang aglycon, kich thich dai trang ma gay ta.
+ Tac dung khang khuan: Nude sdc ufc che nhieu loai vi khuan. Tu cau lien cau khuan tan mdu, trifc khuan ly, true khuan dai trang, thuong han, dich hach va vi khuan Helicobacter pylori.
- Cong dung
Dai hoang duoc dung lam thuoc chtfa tdo bdn; die
biet nhufng ngudi ty vi nhiet, tao ket. Neu tdo b<3n m&
ra mau can dem dai hoang sao chdy. Doi vdi nhffng ngudi tdng cholesterol mdu, dung dai hoang rat tot (ta biet rang mot trong nhufng nguyen nhan tdng huyet ap la do tang cholesterol mau).
DANG SAM (PHONG DANG SAM)
Campariumoea javanica Blume hodc Codonopsis sp. Ho Hoa cliuong - Campanulaceae
- Dac diem thufc v£t
Than moc bo hay leo, phia ngon nhdn phia goc hoi
co long; 1a moc doi hodc sole hodc gan nhu vong; phien 1a hinh tim hodc hinh tnjfng, m6p ld nguyen hodc hoi luon song. Mdt tren ld xanh nhat, mdt dudi trdng. Hoa moc d ke 1a, trang hinh chuong mau vang nhat. Qua nang dang sam moc hoang d nhieu tinh phia BAc nhu
L&o Cai, Yen Bai, Nghia Lo, Lang San. Dang sam con dirge trong bang hat.
- Thanh phan hoa hoc
So bo thay co dieting; chiTa co nhieu tai lieu nghien cClli.
- Tac dung sinh hoc
+ Tac dung ha huyet ap tren dong vat thi nghiem + Tdc dung lam tang di/dng huyet
+ Tac dung tang huyet s ic to, tang hong cau
- Cong dung
Dang sam la thuoc bo khi, dirge dung cho nhufng ngirdi khi hu met moi, mdi om day nhtfng ngi/di tang huyet ap ma met moi om yeu hoac ngudi thieu mau xanh xao. Ngoai ra con dugc dung trong benh viem than, nUdc tieu co albumin, dau da day, ho ddm.
- Chu y
+ Khi dung dang sam can dugc che bien bang cach chich vdi giTng; hoac dem thai phien sao vang, hoac chlch vdi mat ong hay dudng do, cung co the chich vdi rifOu.
+ Tren thi trUdng cd nhieu loai dang sam cd nguon
goc ttf Trung Quoc (Codonopsis) re nho dai manh, mem; cung dugc dung vdi cac cong dung nhir tren, cach che bien tiTOng tiT.
DINH LANG
Folyscias fructicosa (L). Harms Ho Ngu gia bi - Araliaceae