CI 2+ H2 O^ H + HO
LUYEN TAP VE CLO VA HOP CHAT CUA CLO
5.34. C. 5.35. C. 5.35. C. 5.36. 281,75g.
Khd'i lugng cfta 11,2 / HCI d dktc la : ^^'l^]^''^ = 18,25(g).
Khdi lugng HCI tdng cdng la : 18,25 + 0,16m (g) Khd'i lugng dung dich thu dugc la : m + 18,25 (g) , ^ . , - , . . 18,25 +0,16m , ^ ^ ^ ^. . , ^
Theo ddu bai: -^ , „ ' ^ = 100% = 21,11%
m + 18,25 - > m = 281,75 (g).
5.37. Mg + CI2 -^ MgCl2
2A1 + 3CI2 -> 2AICI3 2Mg + 0 2 ^ 2MgO
4A1 + 3O2 -^ 2AI2O3
a) Dat lugng clo la x mol, lugng oxi la y mol:
Theo dinh ludt bao toan khdi lugng, khd'i lugng ciia hdn hgp A phai la 42,34 - 16,98 = 25,36 (g).
71x + 32y = 25,36 Giai he phuang trinh, ta duge : x = 0,24 ; y = 0,26
0 24
VI thi tfch, khf clo chie'm : - ^ x 100% = 48%
oxi chie'm : ^ x 100% = 52%.
b) Ddt lugng Mg la a mol, lugng nhdm la b mol, ta cd : 24a + 27b = 16,98
M g ^ M g ^ ^ + 2e A l ^ A l ^ " ' + 3e
a mol Mg nhudng 2a mol e b mol Al nhftdng 3b mol e CI2 + 2e -^ 2 C r O2 + 4e -> 20^"
0,24 mol CI2 thu 0,48 mol e 0,26 mol Oj thu 1,04 mol e Lugng electron do cdc kim loai nhudng dung bdng lugng electron do cdc phi kim thu :
2a + 2b = 0,48+ 1,04= 1,52 Giai he phuong trinh, ta dugc a = 0,55 ; b = 0,14 Mg chie'm : , Al chie'm : ^ " ^ ^ X 100% = 77,74%. "'I^^g^^x 100% = 22,26%. Bai 34 FLO 5.38. 2P + 5F2 -^ 2PF5 Photpho pentaflorua
5.39. Vi flo tac dung vdi nudc
2F2 + 2H2O -^ 4HF + O2
5.40. £)ap 50 :2,4 kg.
5.41. 2KBr + F2 ^ 2KF + Br2
2H2O + 2F2 -^ 4HF + O2
Br2 + 5F2 + 6H2O -^ 2HBr03 +10HF
5.42. Thft bdng dung dich AgN03, dung dich NaCl tao kdt tfta trdng :
AgN03 + NaCl -^ AgCl>l + NaN03 Dung dich NaF khdng tao kit tua.
5.43. Si02 + 4HF -^ SiF4 + 2H2O
Si02 + 2F2 -^ SiF4 + O2
5.44. a) (HF)2
b) Theo chiiu HCI -> HBr -^ HI : nhiet dd sdi tdng ddn nhung HF cd
nhiet do sdi cao ban ban 3 chd't tren. Dd la vi HF d dang (HF)^.