"
34/ NaOH + HCI ~ NaCI + H2O
0<\
35/ KOH + HCI ~ KCI + H2O36/ Zn(OH) 2 + HCI ~ ZnCl2 + H2O 36/ Zn(OH) 2 + HCI ~ ZnCl2 + H2O 37/ Cu(OH) 2 + HCI ~ CuCl2 + H2O 38/ Ch + KOH ~ KCIO3 + KCI + H2O 39/ Ch + NaOH ~ NaCIO + NaCI + H2O 40/ AgNO3 + HCI ~ HNO3 + Agel"- 41/ CaCO3 + HCI ~ CaCh + H2O + CO2t
42/ MgCO3 + HCI ~ MgCh + H2O + CO2t,43/ BaSO3 + HCI ~ BaCh + H2SO3 43/ BaSO3 + HCI ~ BaCh + H2SO3 44/ AgNO3 + NaCI ~ NaNO3 + AgCl"- 45/ AgNO3 + KCI ~ KNO3 + Agel"- 46/ H2S + HCIO3 ~ HCl + H2SO4
Nu'de Javen: d~n CIa vaa dung dinh NaOH : 47/ Ch + NaOH ~ NaCI + NaCIO + H2O
(Natri hipocIorit)
48/
tu'cing t1!ta ding co : to
Ch + KOH ) KCI + KCIO + H2O Kali Clorat KCIO3
Clo di vao dung dieh ki~m dung nong de'n 100°C se eho phan ling: to
49/ Ch + KOH ) KCI + KCIO3+ H2O
Kali Clorat bi phan huy khi dung nong thee cae phuong trlnh :
to
50/ KCI03 ) KCI + O2 t
to
~ KCI + KCIO4
(Kali peclorat)
Clorua vOi: Clo tae d\lllg voi v6i : 51/ KCl03
52/ Ca(OH) 2 + Ch ~ CaOCh + H2O Cae phan ling eua Brom va lot:
57/ HI to ~ H2 + h
5.4.3 Cae vi do
'IIJI' ..
Vi d1f5.7: Vie't phudng trlnh phan ling bi~u di~n cac bie'n hoa sail : Zn -+ ZnO -+ ZnS04
Giai: Tren cd sd do Hm cac phan ling (xem la cac quail h<$cua m~ng tinh roan
cac cha't hoa hQc) da bie't ta co th~ tlm tha'y duQccac phan ling sail day:
Zn + O2 -+ ZnO
ZnO + H2SO4 -+ ZnS04 + H2O
Vi du 5.8: Tit lUllhuynh (S) va mtoc (H2O) ta co th~ di€u che' duQc axit sunfuaric (H2SO4) kh6ng ?
Giai : Ap d1)ng cac thu~t roan tIm loi giai cho m"mg tinh roan cac cha't hoa hQc,
do theo cac phan ling lien quail de'n lUllhuynh va nuoc ta Hm ra duQCqua trlnh di€u che' nhu sail : (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
di<$nphan H2O ~ H2t + 02t .. 53/ Al + Br2 AlBr3 54/ Al + h A1l3 55/ H2 + Br2 to ) HBr 56/ H2+h to ) HI (hidro iotua)
S + O2 ~ S02S02 + O2 ~ S03 S02 + O2 ~ S03 S03 + H2O ~ H2SO4
Tuong tV' nhu 2 vi dl;1 lIen, vOi tri thlic g6m cac phan ling hoa hQc dff bie't duoi d~ng mQt m~ng cac cha't hoa hQcchung ta ding co th€ d~ dang giai cac bai loan sau day:
Vi du 5.9: Vie't cac phuong trmh phan ling d€ th1!chi~n cac bie'n hoa theo cac so d6 sau day:
ZnS ~ S02 ~ H2SO4
ZnS ~. ZnO ..~ ZnC12
Vi du 5.10: Hoan thanh cac phuong trlnh phan ling sau day: Mg + H2SO4 ~ ... .,. Fe(OH)3 + H2SO4 ~ ... .., K2C03 + H2SO4 ~ ... Ba(N03h + H2SO4 ~ ... ...