8. Danh m1,1clu~ t.
5.4.1 Cae bai toaD
Chung ta bi€t ding trong hoa hQc,vit%cxem xet cac phan ling hoa hQc Ia mQt trang nhung va'n d~ quail trQng. V~ m~t tri thlic nguai ta da bi€t duQc nhi~u cha't va cac phan ling hoa hQc co th~ chuy~n hoa tu mQt s6 cha't n~y thanh cac cha't khac. T~m thai bo qua mQt s6 di~u kit%nphan ling, ta co th~ xem tri thlic do nhu mQt m~ng tinh roan ma m6i phan ling Ia mQtquail ht%cua m~ng. Vi d~ nhu phan ling di~u ch€ Clo tu axit Clohidric va dioxit mangan :
MnOz + HCI -+ MnClz + Cht + HzO.
Phan ling tren co th~ duQc xem nhu mQt quail ht%cho chung ta co duQc cac cha't Clz, MnClz, HzO tu cac cha't MnOz, HCI.
Trang ph~n n~y chung ta dung m~ng tinh roan d~ giai 2 bai roan sail : 1. Cho mQt s6 cha't, hoi co di~u ch€ duQcmQt vai cha't naG do kh6ng?
2. Tim cac phudng trlnh phan ling d~ bi~u dien day cac bi€n boa, ch~ng h~n nhu cac day:
Zn -+ Zno -+ ZnS04
5.4.2 MQt s6 phan ung hoa hQc
Kie'n thlic ta cftn co d6i voi 2 bai tacintren la t~p hQp tfft ca cac chfft cling voi
cac phan ling hoa hQc du'Qc phan lo<;lithanh cac nhom phan ling khac nhau. Du'oi day chung ta li<%tke mQt sO'nhom phan ling hoa hQc du'Qc lu'u tr11trong phftn kie'n thlic cua chu'dng trinh.
MOt s6 phan ung lien quaD de'n khi Clo :
11 Natri Dong ehay ehay trong Clo eho philo ling t<;lOthanh natri c1orua : Na + Ch -)- NaCI
2/ Be)tsat nongehay trang CIa eha philo ling: Fe + Ch -)- FeCi}
3 Nung do day d6ng eha vao khi CIa, ta co philo ling: Cu + Ch -)- CuCh .
4/ CIa lac dl,mg vdi nude:
Ch + H2O -)- HCI + HCIO
5/ Bi~u' ehe' CIa tu axit Clahidrie va diaxit mangan : MnO2 + 4HCI =MnCh + Cht + 2H2O
6/ Bi~tf ehe' Clo bang axil c1ahidrieva Kali pemanganat : HCI + KMnO4 -)- KCI + MnCh + H2O+Ch t
7/ Bi<$nphan dung dieh d~m d~e muoi an trang nude: NaCI + H2O -)- Cht + H2t + NaOH
MOt s6 phan ling khae : 8/ 9/ 10/ 11/ 12/ 13/ 14/ K + Ch -)- KCI Na + Ch -)- NaCI Al + Ch -)- AICi} Ca + Ch -)- CaCh FeCh + Ch -)- FeCi} Ch + KBr -)- KCI + Br2 Ch + NaBr -)- NaCl + Br2
Cae phan ung lien Quan de'n Hidro cIorua HCI :
15/ Cha Natri Clarua tinh th~ lac dl,mg ydi axil sunfurie d~m d~c, dung Dong (phuong phap sunfat), tily rhea nhi<$tde)ta co cae philn ling sau day:
to
NaCI + H2SO4 ) NaHSO4 + HClt to
NaCI + H2SO4 ) Na2S04 + HClt