1. Make sure the use of ...pesticide... is not harmful to farm workers’
health. (pest)
2. ...congratulations... ! You have successfully held the clean-up campaign. (congratulate)
3. Use public transport or we won’t ...minimize... pollution. (minimum) 4. If ...forestation.... continues, there will be no forest left ten years from now. (forest)
5. The rising level of air pollution has caused concern among ...environamentalists... . (environment) EXERCISE 8:
WORD FORM 1
1. We must limit population _______because our resources are limited .( GROW ) growth
2. Children get a great deal of ______when Tet comes ( EXCITE ) excitement
3. The English language training is a good ____for any career .(PREPARE ) preparation
4. There is a _____of food in flooded areas .( SHORT ) shortage
5. many people are not aware of population _____( EXPLODE ) explosion
...
...
WORD FORM 2
1. The United Nation ia an international ___________( ORGANISE ) organization 2. The area that has the ____population growth rate is Latin America .( HIGH )
highest
3. Mut , which is _____fruit , is very popular .( CANDY ) candied 4. Do you know how to cook _____foods ? ( TRADITION )
5. We should carry out population ______programmes ( EDUCATE ) educational
...
...
WORD FORM 3
1. Some countries are poor because they have few _________recourses ( NATURE ) natural
2. People believe that having many children means __________( HAPPY ) happiness 3. Taking part in this ________helped me more self-confident .( COMPETE )
competition
4. Were women _______allowed to participate in the Boston races in 1957 ? ( OFFICE ) officially
5. _______, nobody was injured in the accident last night .( LUCKY ) Luckily
...
...
WORD FORM 4
1. They emphasized the physical fitness and ____________( STRONG ) strength
2. We don’t go to work on ___________Independence Day .( NATION) national 3. Overpopulation causes many problems to the world , particularly
_________countries (DEVELOP ) developing
4. ____________on winning the tennis championship!( CONGRATULATE ) congratulations
5. A music ________is an event whish is held every four years .( COMPETE ) competetion
EXERCISE 9:
I dislike their ______________. FRIENDLY
2. The ______________ between classes is good. FRIEND 3. They seem to be ______________. We dislike them. FRIEND 4. The garden is ______________ with trees and flowers. BEAUTY 5. They enjoy the ______________ atmosphere here. PEACE
6. The ______________ anthem of VietNam is sung. NATION
7. There is an______________ match between VN and Laos on VTV3. NATION 8. Ao Dai is always______________. FASHION
9. I ______________ agree with you. COMPLETE
10. At the ______________ to the village, we saw the accident. ENTER 11. They had an ______________ day by the river. ENJOY
12. We need further ______________. INFORM 13. This book is very______________. INFORM 14. It is cheap. It’s ______________. EXPENSIVE
15. The ______________ of TV is always fast. DEVELOP
16. The internet is one of the most important ______________ of our life. INVENT 17. The website is not ______________ for teenager. It’s ______________. USE 18. We’re worried about the ______________ here. POLLUTE
19. This river is extremely ______________. POLLUTE 20. This energy-______________bulb is not cheap. SAVE
21. The ______________are requiring us to repair the machines. CONSUME 22. Watching long Vietnamese films on TV is a time-_________activity.
CONSUME
23. Water ______________ is increasing this summer. CONSUME 24. The ______________ of the model attracts us. EFFICIENT
25. They are working _________effect, so we are ______________. SATISFY 26. The ______________ are cleaning the beach. CONSERVE
27. Tet is the most important ______________ in VN. CELEBRATE
28. My ______________ are so strong that word “love” can’t describe them. FEEL 29. The ______did not warm the fishermen of the terrible storm carefully. SCIENCE 30. He used all his ______________ to force the door open. STRONG
31. My parents ______________ me to enter this competition. COURAGE 32. Recently health foods have increased in ______________. POPULAR 33. The old lady hid all her ______________ under the floor. SAVE
34. Your money will be refunded if the goods are not to your complete ______________. SATISFY
35. The council has promised to deal with the serious problem of ___________among young people. EMPLOY
36. Lulu had eaten so much that he had to ______________ his belt. LOOSE 37. The dictionaries are with the other ______________ books. REFER 38. I had to check the wages in ______________to my normal work. ADD 39. He gave his students ______________to leave the classroom. PERMIT 40. This table may break under a lot of ______________. PRESS
41. That little boy has a ______________of cakes. MOUTH
42. I can’t believe you. What you say is quite ______________. LOGIC KEY:
1. I dislike their ____unfriendliness__________. FRIENDLY 2. The _______friendship_______ between classes is good. FRIEND 3. They seem to be ____unfriendly__________. We dislike them. FRIEND 4. The garden is _____beautiful_________ with trees and flowers. BEAUTY 5. They enjoy the ___peaceful___________ atmosphere here. PEACE 6. The ______national________ anthem of VietNam is sung. NATION 7. There is an________international______ match between VN and Laos on VTV3.
NATION 8. Ao Dai is always_____fashionable_________. FASHION 9. I _______completely_______ agree with you. COMPLETE 10. At the ______entrance________ to the village, we saw the accident. ENTER 11. They had an _______enjoyable_______ day by the river. ENJOY 12. We need further ____information__________. INFORM 13. This book is very_______informative_______. INFORM 14. It is cheap. It’s _______inexpensive_______. EXPENSIVE 15. The _____development_________ of TV is always fast. DEVELOP 16. The internet is one of the most important ___invention___________ of our life.
INVENT 17. The website is not _____useful________ for teenager. It’s ______________. USE 18. We’re worried about the _____pollution_________ here. POLLUTE 19. This river is extremely _____polluted_________. POLLUTE 20. This energy-saving______________bulb is not cheap. SAVE 21. The ____consumers__________are requiring us to repair the machines.
CONSUME 22. Watching long Vietnamese films on TV is a time-consuming_________activity.
CONSUME 23. Water __consumption____________ is increasing this summer. CONSUME 26. The ______conservators________ are cleaning the beach. CONSERVE
27. Tet is the most important _____celebration_________ in VN. CELEBRATE
28. My _______feeling_______ are so strong that word “love” can’t describe them.
FEEL
29. The ___SCIENCETIST___did not warm the fishermen of the terrible storm carefully. SCIENCE
30. He used all his ____strength__________ to force the door open. STRONG 31. My parents ______encourage________ me to enter this competition.
COURAGE
32. Recently health foods have increased in _____popularity_________. POPULAR 33. The old lady hid all her ___saving(s)___________ under the floor. SAVE
34. Your money will be refunded if the goods are not to your complete ___satisfaction___________. SATISFY
35. The council has promised to deal with the serious problem of ______unemployment_____among young people. EMPLOY
36. Lulu had eaten so much that he had to ____lóosen__________ his belt. LOOSE 37. The dictionaries are with the other __reference____________ books. REFER 38. I had to check the wages in ___addition___________to my normal work. ADD 39. He gave his students ____permission__________to leave the classroom.
PERMIT
40. This table may break under a lot of _____pressure_________. PRESS 41. That little boy has a ______mouthful________of cakes. MOUTH
42. I can’t believe you. What you say is quite _____illogical_________. LOGIC
EXERCISE 10:
Exercise 1:
1. she's quite...: she plays the flute and the piano. (MUSIC) 2.he was...when he did the test badly. (HOPE)
3. We started our trip on a beautiful...morning.(SUN)
4. I enjoyed the book very much because it was so...(READ)
5. his...knowledge is very poor - he thinks paris is in Italy. (GEOGRAPHY) 6. Her hair is..., not bright red (RED)
7. A very old car is usually an...car. (RELY)
8. I'll always remember that journey - it was an... experience (FORGET) 9. The knife may need...before it is used.(SHARP)
10. The city has over million...(INHABIT) Exercise 2:
1. the cost of...to the show is reasonable. (ADMIT)
2.My teacher is very...about the history of Viet Nam (KNOW) 3. There's too much...in this word ( GREEDY)
4.She thinks that with a little...she can persuade her husband to change his mind (flatter)
5. He feels a great deal of ...for the awful way he behaved (ASHAMED) 6.It's...to be laughed at in public (HUMILIATE)
7.Mr.Smith is a ...person. If he says he will do something, you know that he will do (DEPEND)
8...,there are black holes in space. (THEORY)
9. The results of the first experiments are very (PROMISE) 10. the sun and the moon are often...in poetry (PERSON) KEY:
Exercise 1:
1. she's quite.musical...: she plays the flute and the piano. (MUSIC) 2.he was....hopeless....when he did the test badly. (HOPE)
3. We started our trip on a beautiful..sunny...morning.(SUN)
4. I enjoyed the book very much because it was so...readable...(READ) 5. his.geographical...knowledge is very poor - he thinks paris is in Italy.
(GEOGRAPHY)
6. Her hair is..reddish..., not bright red (RED)
7. A very old car is usually an...unreliable...car. (RELY)
8. I'll always remember that journey - it was an..unforgettable... experience (FORGET)
9. The knife may need....sharpening...before it is used.(SHARP) 10. The city has over million...inhabitants...(INHABIT)
Exercise 2:
1. the cost of...admission...to the show is reasonable. (ADMIT)
2.My teacher is very..knowledgeable....about the history of Viet Nam (KNOW) 3. There's too much...greed...in this word ( GREEDY)
4.She thinks that with a little...flattery...she can persuade her husband to change his mind (flatter)
5. He feels a great deal of .shame....for the awful way he behaved (ASHAMED) 6.It's..humiliated...to be laughed at in public (HUMILIATE)
7.Mr.Smith is a ...dependable....person. If he says he will do something, you know that he will do (DEPEND)
8. theoretically...,there are black holes in space. (THEORY)
9. The results of the first experiments are very ...promising...(PROMISE) 10. the sun and the moon are often....personalized....in poetry (PERSON)
CHUYÊN ĐỀ 7: LÝ THUYẾT VÀ BÀI TẬP ĐẢO NGỮ (CÓ ĐÁP ÁN) 1. Đảo ngữ với NO và NOT
No + N + auxiliary + S + Verb(inf) Not any + N + auxiliary + S + verb(inf) Eg: No money shall I lend you from now on
= Not any money shall I lend you from now on
2. Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ phủ định: Never, Rarely, Seldom, Little, Hardly ever,...hiếm khi mà
Never/ Rarely/ Seldom /Little/ Hardly ever+ auxiliary+ S+ V Never in mid-summer does it snow
Hardly ever does he speak in the public
Little did I know that he was a compulsive liar.
3. Đảo ngữ với ONLY Only one
Only later
Only in this way:
Only in that way:
Only in this way could the problem be solved Only one did I meet her
Only then + auxiliary+ S+ V Only after+ N: Chỉ sau khi làm gì
Only after all guest had gone home could we relax Only by V_ing/ N: Chỉ bằng cách làm gì
Only by practising English everyday can you speak it fluently Only when+ clause: Chỉ khi làm gì
Only when her friends told me did I know she had been well-known.
Only when I understand her did I like her Only with+ N: Chỉ với cái gì
Only with the bank's loan could he buy the car.
Only if + clause
Only in + adv of time/ place 4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No
Chỉ bằng cách này/ kia
At no time: Không bao giờ
The result of the match was never in doubt
=> At no time/never was the result of the match in doubt On no condition
On no account + auxiliary+ S+ N: Dù bất cứ lý do gì cũng không On no accout must this switch be touched.
On no account should you be late for the Exam.
Under/ in no circumstances: Dù trong bất cứ hoàn cảnh nào cũng không Under no circumstances should you lend him the money.
For no reason
In no way: Không sao có thể In no way could I agree with you.
No longer: Không còn nữa
The money is not tobe paid under any circumstances
= Under no circumsstances is the money tobe paid On no condition shall we accept their proposal
By no means: Hoàn toàn không
By no means does he intend to criticize your idea.
5. No sooner... than...Vừa mới...thì đã...
Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely... When/ before Hardly had I arrived home when the telephone rang.
(= I had hardly arrived home when the telephone rang.) Scarcely had she finished reading when she fell asleep.
(= She had scarcely finished reading when she fell asleep.)
Barely had they won the match when the coach had a heart attack.
(= They had barely won the match when the coach had a heart attack.)
No sooner had the company launched its new product than it went bankrupt.
(= The company had no sooner launched its new product than it went bankrupt.) No sooner did they realize that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt.
(= They no sooner realized that they had made a mistake than the company went bankrupt.)
6. Đảo ngữ với Not only... but...also...không những…….mà còn…..
Not only + trợ động từ + S +V + but also + S + V…
hoặc Not only + trợ động từ + S + V but.... also...
Not only is he good at E but he also draw very well
Not only does he sing well but he also plays musical instruments perfectly
Not only does he study well, but also he sings well.
7. Đảo ngữ với SO
So+ adj/ adv + auxiliary + S+V+ that clause So strange was the situation that I couldn't sleep.
So difficult is the test that students need three months to prepare.
So dark is it that I can't write
So busy am I that I don't have time to look after myself So difficult was the exam that few student pass it
So attractive is she that many boys run after her
So intelligent is that she can answer all questions in the interview 8. Câu đảo ngữ có chứa “Such” mang cấu trúc như sau:
“Such + to be + Danh từ +…”
ã Such is the moment that all greats traverse.
(Thật là thời khắc trở ngại lớn lao).
ã Such is the stuff of dreams.
(Thật là một giấc mơ vô nghĩa).
Lưu ý: Thường khi gặp “so great, so much + Noun” thì ta dùng đảo ngữ với
“such”
The problem is so great that everybody is concerned of it.
=> Such is the problem that everybody is concerned of it.
There is so much uncertainty that I will not invest my money.
=> Such is there uncertainty that I will not invest my money.
9. Đảo ngữ với until/ till+ clause/ adv of time+ auxiliary+ S+ V I won't come home till 10 o'clock
=Not until/ till o'clock that I will come home
= It is not until 10 o'clock that I will come home I didn't know that I had lost my key till I got home
= Not until/ till I got home did I know that I had lost my key 10. Đảo ngữ với No where+ Au+ S+V
No where in Vietnam is the scenery as beautiful as that in my country No where do I feel as comfortable as I do at home
No where can you buy the goods as good as those in my country 11. Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện
a, Câu đk loại 1: If clause = should+S+V
(Lưu ý: Dùng SHOULD để nói về khả năng xảy ra ít chắc chắn hơn) Should she come late she wil miss the train
Should he lend me some money I will buy that house
b, Câu đk loại 2:If clause= Were S +to V/ Were+S
(Lưu ý: Dùng WERE TO để nói về khả năng xảy ra ít chắc chắn hơn) If I were you I would work harder =Were I you...
If I knew her I would invite her to the party= Were I to know her...
c, Câu đk loại 3 : If clause = Had+S+V3ED
If my parents hadn't encouraged me, I would have taken pass exam
= Had my parents not encouraged me...