M 浦T S渦 ""JK烏 U VI 蔭T 溢T
2.3. Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"nk‒p"m院 t chi ti院t s穎 d映ng ch雨 may
2.3.1.1. O k"oc{"vjｈv"p¿v<"
O k"oc{"vj逸v"p¿v"e挨"d違p"e„"e医u t衣o t瑛 hai s嬰i ch雨. Ch雨 vt‒p"n "ej雨 c栄a kim, ch雨 f逢噂k"n "ej雨 su嘘v0"Eƒe"x”pi"ej雨8cp"x噂i nhau gi英a hai l噂r"piw{‒p"nk羽u. M瓜t ph亥n c栄a x”pi"ej雨 n鰻k"vt‒p"d隠 m員v"piw{‒p"nk羽u t衣q"vj pj"j·pj"o k"oc{0"Eƒe"o k"oc{"8逢嬰c k院t n嘘k"nk‒p"v映c t衣q"vj pj"8逢運ng may.
Eƒe"mk吋w"8逢運pi"oc{"vj逢運ng g員p:
o 523<"8逢運ng may th逸v"p¿v"e挨"d違n o 525<"8逢運ng may 2 kim, 2 鰻 ch雨 (4 ch雨)
o 526<"8逢運ng may ziczac 2 ch雨, t衣q"vj pj"o k"pj逢"523 o 527<"8逢運ng may ziczac 2 kim 4 ch雨
o 528<"8逢運ng may gi医w"o k"*x逸t g医u)
o 534<"8逢運pi"oc{"¦ke"¦ce"4"mko."v逢挨pi"v詠pj逢"526 o 552<"8逢運ng may b運 khuy n鰻i 荏 oƒ{"vj́c khuy
o 553<"8逢運pi"oc{"¦ke"¦ce"dcq"ofir"荏oƒ{"vj́c"mjw{"8亥u b茨ng.
2.3.1.2. O k"oc{"o„e"z ej"8￢p<
O k"oc{"o„e"z ej"8挨p"e挨"d違p"e„"e医u t衣o t瑛 m瓜t ch雨 c栄c"mko0"Eƒe"x”pi"ej雨 t詠 th逸t v噂i nhau b茨ng nh英pi"o„e"z ej"荏 m員v"f逢噂i c栄c"piw{‒p"nk羽w0"Eƒe"o k"oc{"8逢嬰c k院t n嘘k"nk‒p"v映c t衣q"vj pj"8逢運ng may.
O k oc{"o„e"z ej"mfir<"O k"oc{"o„e"z ej"mfir"8逢嬰c c医u t衣o t瑛 m瓜t hay nhi隠u ch雨 mko"x "ej雨o„e0"O k"oc{"o„e"z ej"mfir"e挨"d違p"8逢嬰c c医u t衣o t瑛 m瓜t ch雨 c栄a kim x "o瓜t ch雨 c栄c"o„e0"Eƒe"x”pi"ej雨8cp"n衣i v噂k"pjcw"vj pj"pj英pi"x”pi"o„e"z ej"p茨m tt‒p"d隠 m員t c栄c"piw{‒p"nk羽w0"A逢運pi"oc{"e„"j·pj"f衣pi"n "pj英pi"8q衣n th鰯ng n嘘i ti院p 荏 m員t ph違i c栄c"piw{‒p"nk羽w"x "j·pj"f衣pi"pj逢"8逢運pi"f¤{"ejw{隠n v噂k"eƒe"o„e"z ej" mfir"p茨m 荏 m員v"vtƒk"e栄c"piw{‒p"nk羽u.
2.3.1.3. O k"oc{"xｈt sご:
O k"oc{"8逢嬰e"rjƒv"vtk吋p"e挨"d違n t瑛o k"oc{"o„ez ej0"O k"oc{"x逸t s鰻e pi"e„" c医u t衣o t瑛 m瓜t hay nhi隠u ch雨 c栄c"mko"x "e栄c"o„e0"V́{"vjgq"u嘘n逢嬰pi"mko"x "ej雨o„e" vjco"ikc"x q"e挨"e医u t衣q"o k"o "vc"e„"eƒe"nq衣i v逸t s鰻mjƒe"pjcw0"Ak吋m chung c栄a t医t c違eƒe"nq衣k"oƒ{"v衣q"8逢運ng may v逸t s鰻n "rj違k"e„"e挨"e医w"zfip"x違k0"Vtqpi"swƒ"vt·pj"v衣o o k."e„"o瓜v"pjƒpj"ej雨8逢嬰e"8cp"v瑛 m員v"vt逢噂c qua m員v"ucw"piw{‒p"nk羽w"8吋 b丑c l医{"ofir" c栄c"piw{‒p"nk羽u.
2.3.1.4. O k"oc{"ejＺn diいu:
A逢嬰e"rjƒv"vtk吋p"vt‒p"e挨"u荏o k"oc{"o„e"z ej"mfir"pj逢pi"e„"vj‒o"e挨"e医u ch雨8cp" rj c"vt‒p"o員v"piw{‒p"nk羽u t衣q"vj pj"nh英pi"8逢運ng di宇w"d‒p"vt‒p"8逢運pi"oc{"ej pj0" A逢運ng may ch亥n di宇w"e„"d隠 m員v"8cp"n逢噂k"vt‒p"e違 hai b隠 m員t c栄c"piw{‒p"nk羽u.
2.3.2. A員e"8k吋o"o k"oc{"vj逸v"p¿v"523
2.3.2.1. Sw{"vt·pj"j·pj"vj pj"o k"oc{"523
O k"oc{"vj逸v"p¿v"523"*8逢運pi"oc{"o k"vjqk+"8逢嬰e"j·pj"vj pj"x噂k"ejw"vt·pj" g欝m 8"ikck"8q衣p"pj逢"vj吋 hi羽n 荏j·pj"403"
(a)Ikck"8q衣n 1: Kim mang ch雨 zw{‒p"swc"piw{‒p"nk羽w"8k"zw嘘ng.
(b)Ikck"8q衣n 2: Kim xu嘘ng t壱p"épi"f逢噂k"x "v衣q"x”pi"ej雨 荏 l厩 kim. M荏鰻 quay b逸t l医{"x”pi"ej雨 kim.
(d)Ikck"8q衣n 4<"X”pi"ej雨 kim t衣q"x”pi"zwpi"swcpj"o„e0 (e)Ikck"8q衣p"7<"X”pi"ejk"mko"x "x”pi"ej雨f逢噂i xen k胤 nhau. (f) Ikck"8q衣p"8<"X”pi"ej雨 th逸t ch員v"x q"x壱t li羽u.
J·pj"2.1. Sw{"vt·pj"vＴq"o k"oc{"vjｈv"p¿v"523 [20] 2.3.2.2. Aｐe"v pj"eてa kiあw"o k"oc{"vjｈv"p¿v"523
O k"oc{"vj逸v"p¿v"vj逢運ng s穎 d映ng cho v違i d羽v"vjqk"x "fc"pj逢pi" v"u穎 d映pi"8嘘i v噂i v違i d羽v"mko"x "eƒe"nq衣k"piw{‒p"nk羽w"e„"8瓜eq"ik«p"n噂n.
T瑛eƒe"ejk"vk院v"8挨p"ik違p."tk‒pi"n飲 hai chi隠w"8逢嬰e"nk‒p"m院t t衣q"vj pj"u違n ph育m ba chi隠u ho員c ph泳c t衣p.
A逢運pi"oc{"523"n "f衣pi"o k"oc{"8逢嬰e"j·pj"vj pj"d荏i m瓜t ch雨 c栄c"mko"x "o瓜t ch雨 c栄c"vjqk"*8逢運pi"oc{"o k"vjqk+"v衣q"vj pj"pj英ng th逸v"p¿v"p茨m 荏 gi英a hai l噂r"piw{‒p" li羽w0"姶w"8k吋o"n "eƒe"o k"oc{"mj„"vw瓜v."8瓜 b隠n m嘘k"ijfir"p嘘k"ecq."8逢運pi"oc{"v逢挨pi" 8嘘i 鰻p"8鵜nh, t嘘p" v"ej雨0"E„"mj違 p<pi"ej鵜w"vƒe"8瓜pi"e挨"j丑e"x "8違m b違q"nk‒p"m院v"8逢嬰c nhi隠u l噂p v違k"oc{"x "泳ng d映pi"vt‒p"pjk隠u d衣ng v壱t li羽u.
2.3.3. Eƒe"ej泳e"p<pi"e挨"d違n c栄c"8逢運ng may
Mc{"tƒr"p嘘i: s穎 d映pi"8吋 oc{"eƒe"8逢運ng oc{"tƒr."8逢運ng may di宇u, may ch亥n, 8逢運pi"oc{"vƒr."8逢運ng may cu嘘n.
Mc{"8鵜pj"j·pj<"s穎 d映ng d吋 oc{"eƒe"8逢運ng may vi隠p."8逢運ng may g医r"ofir." 8逢運ng may g医r"ofir"xk隠p."8逢運ng may g医r"ofir"x違k"n„v
Oc{"vtcpi"vt <"u穎 d映pi"8吋 oc{"eƒe 8逢運ng may x院p."eƒe"8逢運ng may n鰻k."eƒe" 8逢運ng may v噂k"f¤{"xk隠n.
2.3.4. A瓜 b隠n c栄c"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"x壱t li羽u
A瓜 b隠n c栄c"8逢運pi"oc{"8逢嬰e"zƒe"8鵜nh b荏i nhi隠u y院u t嘘 bao g欝m: lo衣i ch雨."8瓜 b隠n c栄a ch雨, m壱v"8瓜 o k"oc{."nq衣k"x "m ej"e叡 c栄c"mko"oc{È
A瓜 b隠n c栄a ch雨 may<"A¤{"n "vk‒w"ej "8ƒpj"ikƒ"ej医v"n逢嬰ng ch雨 oc{"x "8逢嬰c th穎 nghi羽m b茨ng s詠mfiq"8泳t m瓜v"8挨p"x鵜 chi隠w"f k 8逢運ng may. Ph亥n l噂p"eƒe"o嘘k"8泳t c栄a ch雨 trong 8逢運ng may x違y ra t衣k"eƒe"rj亥n t衣q"x”pi"e栄c"o k"oc{0"A瓜 b隠n c栄c"x”pi"ej雨 b鵜違pj"j逢荏ng b荏k"v pj"ej医v"mj»pi"f宇 u嘘n cong c栄c"eƒe"nq衣k"z挨"vtqpi"ej雨. Ch雨 t鰻ng h嬰p e„"8瓜 b隠p"x”pi"ecq"j挨p"ej雨 cotton. Ch雨 f́pi"ejq"oc{"m員e"e„"{‒w"e亥u v隠8瓜 b隠n r医t ecq0"Vtqpi"swƒ"vt·pj"jq衣v"8瓜ng c栄a thi院t b鵜 may, ch雨nw»p"d鵜 c丑zƒv."o k"o”p"x "ew嘘i épi"n "8泳v0"A瓜 b隠n ch雨 ph映 thu瓜c nhi隠w"x q"vj pj"rj亥p"piw{‒p"nk羽u c医w"vj pj0"A瓜 b隠n c栄a ch雨 vtqpi"8逢運ng may ph映 thu瓜e"x q"u詠 e¤p"d茨ng c栄c"o k oc{."8瓜 ch員t c栄a o k"oc{."mk吋w"8逢運pi"oc{"x "d違n ch医t c栄a v壱t li羽w"8逢嬰e"oc{0"O k"oc{"vj逸v"p¿v"8逢嬰c e¤p"d茨pi"x "e„"8瓜 b隠p"oc"uƒv"v嘘v"j挨p"d隠 m員t l瓜 ra b荏i ch雨f逢噂i 荏o k"oc{"o„e"z ej0" Eƒe"8逢運pi"oc{"8逢嬰c may 荏 s泳e"e<pi"vj医p b隠p"j挨p"vtqpi"u穎 d映ng so v噂k"8逢運ng may 荏 s泳e"e<pi"ecq"j挨p0"Pj英pi"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"x違k"f {."x違i d羽t m壱v"8瓜 s嬰i cao, v違k"vtƒpi" ph栄 ho員e"fc"vj·"o k"oc{"u胤ej·o"u¤w"vtqpi"x違k0"Mjk"8„."ej雨 may s胤 b鵜o k"o”p"pjk隠u j挨p"pj英pi"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"x違i m臼ng, m隠m.
M壱v"8瓜o k"oc{<"Vj逢運pi"vj·"8瓜 b隠p"8逢運ng may t益 l羽 v噂i m壱v"8瓜o k"oc{"*n院u eƒe"{院u t嘘mjƒe"mj»pi"vjc{"8鰻i). N院w"8瓜 b隠p"8逢運pi"oc{"8逢嬰e"8q"d茨pi"8挨p"x鵜 kg/cm x "8逢嬰c chia cho s嘘 o k"e栄a m瓜v"eo."vj·"vc"e„"8逢嬰c tr鵜 s嘘 c栄c"8瓜 b隠n cho m瓜v"o k" oc{"8挨p0"A吋vk‒p"8qƒp"8瓜 b隠n c栄c"8逢運pi"oc{"v逢挨pi"v詠."vc"pj¤p"8瓜 b隠n c栄c"o k"oc{" 8挨p"x噂i s嘘 o k"vt‒p"o瓜v"8挨p"x鵜 8逢運ng may c亥p"v pj0"O壱v"8瓜 8逢運pi"oc{"v<pi"n o" v<pi"8瓜 b隠p"8逢運pi"oc{"8院n m瓜t gi噂i h衣p"mjk"o "u詠 t壱p trung c栄c"eƒe"n厩 kim b逸v"8亥u
t衣q"vj pj"n厩 th栄ng l噂p"x "n o"uw{"{院u v壱t li羽u may. N院w"8k隠w"8„"z違{"tc."p‒p"f́pi"eh雨 ch逸e"j挨p"jq員e"o k"oc{"mjƒe"荏 m壱v"8瓜o k"vj逢c"j挨p0
M ej"vj逢噂e"x "nq衣i kim: N院u ch雨8泳v"vtqpi"8逢運pi"oc{"mjk"mfiq"e<pi."8瓜 b隠n c栄a 8逢運pi"oc{"e„"vj吋 v<pi"vj‒o khi ta s穎 d映pi"épi"nq衣i ch雨 pj逢pi"e„"ejk"u嘘 vj»"j挨p" (f́pi"mko"e pi"vq"j挨p+0"P‒p"e育n th壱p"vt‒p"j pg d羽t kim hay d羽v"vjqk"8«"8逢嬰c x穎n#" 8吋mj»pi"n o"j臼pi"o k"oc{0"P院w"8k隠w"p {"z違y ra v違k"e„"vj吋j逢"j臼ng 荏8逢運ng may. Vtqpi"8k隠u ki羽n kh逸v"mjg."pi逢運k"vc"e„"vj吋 f́pi"mko"pj臼 j挨p"x "vjc{"d茨ng ch雨 t鰻ng h嬰r0"O k"mko"x "mk吋w"jq p"v医v"mko"p‒p"8逢嬰c ch丑n c育n th壱p"8吋 gi違m thi吋u s詠 t鰻n vj逢挨pi"o k"oc{"x "e pi"p‒p"mk吋o"vtc"8吋vjc{"mko"vj逢運pi"mko"vj逢運pi"zw{‒p."vtƒpj" s穎 d映pi"mko"j逢0
Ki吋w"o k"oc{<"V医t c違eƒe"nq衣i ch雨oc{"8隠u b鵜n«q"j„c"x "ik違m b隠p"mjk"8逢嬰c may 荏 t嘘e"8瓜ecq"x "oc{"ejq"x違k"f {0"Eƒej"d嘘vt "e栄a ch雨 荏 eƒe"mk吋u o k"oc{"mjƒe"pjcw" e pi"e„"違pj"j逢荏pi"8院p"8瓜 b隠n c栄c"8逢運ng may. Ki吋w"o k"oc{"vj逸v"p¿v"mfio"d隠p"j挨p" eƒe"mk吋w"o k"oc{"o„e"z ej"mfir"x·"ej雨 may lu欝p"swc"rj c"ucw"x "rj c"vt逢噂c c栄a kim may nhi隠u l亥p"j挨p0
D衣pi"8逢運pi"oc{<"A瓜 b隠n c栄c"8逢運pi"oc{"8逢嬰e"p¤pi"ecq"d茨pi"eƒej"f́pi"pjk隠u f«{"o k"oc{0"Ak隠w"p {"ej雨 hi羽u qu違jq p"vq p"mjk"u泳e"e<pi"e栄a ch雨 trong m厩k"j pi" 8隠u b茨pi"pjcw0"A»k"mjk"pi逢運k"vc"e„"vj吋 f́pi"ej雨f逢噂k"j挨k"o違pj"j挨p"vtqpi"eƒe"mk吋u o k"oc{"523."623."jq員c h丑 722"8吋 ik¿r"swƒ"vt·pj"oc{"vt挨p"vtw"x "ik違o"8瓜 l噂n c栄a
8逢運ng may.
S詠vt逢嬰v"8逢運ng may: S詠vt逢嬰v"8逢運pi"oc{"mj»pi"rj違k"n "x医p"8隠ejwpi"pj逢pi"p„" e„"vj吋 x違{"tc"vt‒p"eƒe"x違i d羽v"vt挨p"x "eƒe"nq衣i v違k"8逢嬰c d羽t b茨pi"eƒe"nq衣i s嬰i d宇 b鵜 t詠 tu瓜v0"A逢運ng may b鵜 ikƒp"8q衣p"vt‒p"o員t v違i. S詠ikƒp"8q衣n xu医t hi羽p"mjk"8逢運ng may ch鵜u m瓜t t違i tr丑pi0"Piw{‒p"pj¤p"n "eƒe"u嬰i trong v違i b鵜 mfiq"tc"mj臼k"o k"oc{"*vj逢運ng x違y ra v噂i ki吋w"o k"oc{"x逸t s鰻+0"A吋v<pi"8瓜 b隠n c栄c"8逢運pi"oc{"vtqpi"vt逢運ng h嬰p p {"e亥p"v<pi"e詠n{"8逢運ng may (kho違pi"eƒej"v瑛o k"oc{"8院p"ofir"x違i).
H羽 s嘘 hi羽u d映ng c栄c"8逢運ng may (hi羽u su医v"8逢運pi"oc{+"n "v雨 s嘘 8ƒpj"ikƒ"u詠 v逢挨pi"vj ej gi英c"8瓜 b隠p"mfiq"8泳t c栄a v違i x "8瓜 b隠p"mfiq"8泳t c栄c"8逢運ng may. H羽 s嘘p {" 8員e"vt逢pi"ejq"j羽 qu違nk‒p"m院t c栄c"8逢運ng may.
継 噺"聴濡
庁弐 x 100 (2.1)
Vtqpi"8„
鯨鎚 <"n "8瓜 b隠p"8泳t c栄c"8逢運ng may (N).
繋長 <"N "8瓜 b隠p"8泳t c栄a v違i may (N).
S違n ph育m may m員e"8衣t ch医v"n逢嬰ng t嘘k"逢w"x隠8瓜 b隠n khi h羽 s嘘 hi羽u d映pi"8逢運ng oc{"8衣t trong kho違ng 85 - 100 % [21] [22]
EJ姶愛PI"50 PIJKçP"E永U TH衛C NGHI烏M
3.1. N瓜i dung pijk‒p c泳u
‚ Pijk‒p"e泳w"8員e"8k吋o."v pj"ej医t c栄a m瓜t s嘘 lo衣i ch雨 oc{"vj»pi"f映ng hi羽n nay ƒr"f映ng trong may m員c.
‚ Pijk‒p"e泳w"8瓜 b隠p"8逢運ng may t瑛 s違n xu医v"8院n s穎 d映ng v噂i ch雨 oc{"ƒr"f映ng vt‒p"x違k"8cpi"8逢嬰c s穎 d映ng trong may m員e"sw¤p"8瓜i hi羽n t衣i.
‚ Pijk‒p"e泳w"8瓜 b隠p"8逢運pi"oc{"mjk"vjc{"8鰻i lo衣i ch雨 may t瑛 s違n xu医v"8院p"swƒ" vt·pj"u穎 d映ng.
3.2. Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"pijk‒p c泳u
¬ A吋 th詠c hi羽p"eƒe"pijk‒p"e泳w."eƒe"pj "pijk‒p"e泳w"vj逢運ng s穎 d映ng r医t nhi隠w"eƒe" rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"pijk‒p"e泳w"mjƒe"pjcw."vtqpi"mjw»p"mj鰻 n瓜k"fwpi"8員t ra c栄a lu壱p"x<p." vƒe"ik違 s穎 d映ng m瓜t s嘘rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"pijk‒p"e泳w"pj逢"ucw<
3.2.1. Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"pijk‒p"e泳w"n#"vjw{院v<"rj¤p"v ej."v鰻ng h嬰r."rj¤p"nq衣k"x "j羽 th嘘pi"j„c"n#"vjw{院t.
Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"rj¤p"v ej"n#"vjw{院t: n "rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"rj¤p"v ej"n#"vjw{院v"vj pj"pj英ng m員t, nh英ng b瓜 ph壱n, nh英ng m嘘i quan h羽 theo l鵜ch s穎 th運i giap"8吋 nh壱n th泳e."rjƒv" hi羽p"x "mjck"vjƒe"eƒe"mj c"e衣pj"mjƒe"pjcw"e栄c"n#"vjw{院t t瑛8„"ej丑n l丑c nh英pi"vj»pi" tin c亥n thi院t ph映c v映ejq"8隠v k"pijk‒p"e泳u. Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"rj¤p"v ej"n#"vjw{院t bao g欝m nh英ng n瓜i dung sau:
o Rj¤p"v ej"piw欝p"v k"nk羽u (t衣r"ej "x "dƒq"eƒq"mjoa h丑e."vƒe"rj育m khoa h丑e."v k" li羽w"n逢w"vt英vj»pi"vkp"8衣k"ej¿pi+0"O厩i ngu欝p"e„"ikƒ"vt鵜tk‒pi"dk羽t.
o Rj¤p"v ej"vƒe"ik違*vƒe"ik違vtqpi"jc{"piq k"pi pj."vƒe"ik違 trong cu瓜e"jc{"piq k" cu瓜e."vƒe"ik違vtqpi"p逢噂e"jc{"piq k"p逢噂e."vƒe"ik違8逢挨pi"vj運k"jc{"swƒ"e嘘). M厩i tƒe"ik違 e„"o瓜v"eƒk"pj·p"tk‒pi"dk羽v"vt逢噂e"8嘘k"v逢嬰ng.
o Rj¤p"v ej"p瓜i dung (theo c医w"vt¿e"nqike"e栄a n瓜i dung).
Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"v鰻ng h嬰r"n#"vjw{院t: n "rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"nk‒p"swcp"m院t nh英ng m員t,nh英ng b瓜 ph壱n, nh英ng m嘘i quan h羽 vj»pi"vkp"v瑛eƒe"n#"vjw{院v"8«"vjw"vj壱r"8逢嬰c th pj"o瓜t ch雨nh th吋 8吋 t衣o ra m瓜t h羽 th嘘pi"n#"vjw{院t m噂k"8亥{"8栄 x "u¤w"u逸c v隠 ch栄 8隠 pijk‒p" c泳u. T鰻ng h嬰r"n#"vjw{院t bao g欝m nh英ng n瓜i dung sau:
o L詠a ch丑p"v k"nk羽u ch雨 ch丑n nh英ng th泳 c亥p."8栄8吋z¤{"f詠ng lu壱n c泳.
o S逸p x院r"v k"nk羽u theo l鵜ej"8衣i (theo ti院p"vt·pj"zw医t hi羽n s詠 ki羽p"8吋 nh壱n d衣ng 8瓜pi"vjƒk+="u逸p x院r"v k"nk羽u theo quan h羽pj¤p"Î qu違8吋 nh壱n d衣pi"v逢挨pi"vƒe0
o N o"vƒk"jk羽n quy lu壱v0"A¤{"n "d逢噂c quan tr丑ng nh医v"vtqpi"pijk‒p"e泳w"v k"nk羽u, ej pj"n "o映e"8 ej"e栄a ti院p c壱n l鵜ch s穎.
o Gi違k"vj ej"sw{"nw壱v0"E»pi"xk羽e"p {"8”k"j臼i ph違i s穎 d映pi"eƒe"vjcq"vƒe"nqike"8吋 8逢c"tc"pj英pi"rjƒp"8qƒp"x隠 b違n ch医v"eƒe"sw{"nw壱t c栄a s詠 v壱t ho員c hi羽p"v逢嬰ng.
Rj¤p"v ej"x "v鰻ng h嬰r"n "jck"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"e„"swcp"j羽 m壱t thi院t v噂i nhau t衣q"vj pj" s詠 th嘘ng nh医v"mj»pi"vj吋 vƒej"t運k<"rj¤p"v ej"8逢嬰c ti院p"j pj"vjgq"rj逢挨pi"j逢噂ng t鰻ng h嬰r."e”p"v鰻ng h嬰r"8逢嬰c th詠c hi羽n d詠c"vt‒p"m院t qu違 c栄c"rj¤p"v ej0"Vtqpi"pijk‒p"e泳u n#"vjw{院v."pi逢運k"pijk‒p"e泳u v瑛a ph違k"rj¤p"v ej"v k"nk羽u, v瑛a ph違i t鰻ng h嬰p t k"nk羽u.
Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"rj¤p"nq衣k"n#"vjw{院v<"n "rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"u逸p x院r"eƒe"v k"nk羽u khoa h丑c vj pj"j羽 th嘘ng logic ch員t ch胤 theo t瑛ng m員t, t瑛pi"8挨p"x鵜 ki院n th泳c, t瑛ng v医p"8隠 khoa h丑e"e„"épi"f医u hi羽u b違n ch医v."e„"épi"j逢噂pi"rjƒv"vtk吋p"8吋 d宇 nh壱n bi院t, d宇 s穎 d映ng theo m映e"8 ej"pijk‒p"e泳w."ik¿r"rjƒv"jk羽p"eƒe"sw{"nw壱v"rjƒv"vtk吋n c栄c"8嘘k"v逢嬰ng, s詠 rjƒv"vtk吋n c栄a ki院n th泳c khoa h丑e"8吋 t瑛8„"f詠8qƒp"8逢嬰e"eƒe"zw"j逢噂pi"rjƒv"vtk吋n m噂i c栄a khoa h丑e"x "vj詠c ti宇n.
Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"j羽 th嘘pi"j„c"n#"vjw{院t: n "rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"u逸p x院p nh英pi"vj»pi"vkp"8c" d衣ng thu th壱r"8逢嬰c t瑛eƒe"piw欝p."eƒe"v k"nk羽w"mjƒe"pjcw"vj pj"o瓜t h羽 th嘘ng v噂i m瓜t k院t c医u ch員t ch胤*vjgq"swcp"8k吋m h羽 th嘘ng Î c医w"vt¿e"e栄a vi羽e"z¤{"f詠ng m瓜v"o»"j·pj" n#"vjw{院v"vtqpi"pijk‒p"e泳u khoa h丑e+"8吋 t瑛8„"o "z¤{"f詠ng m瓜v"n#"vjw{院t m噂k"jq p" ch雨pj"ik¿r"jk吋u bi院v"8嘘k"v逢嬰pi"8逢嬰e"8亥{"8栄x "u¤w"u逸e"j挨p0
Rj¤p"nq衣k"x "j羽 th嘘pi"j„c"n "jck"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"8k"nk隠n v噂k"pjcw0"Vtqpi"rj¤p"nq衣i 8«"e„"{院u t嘘 h羽 th嘘pi"j„c0"J羽 th嘘pi"j„c"rj違i d詠c"vt‒p"e挨"u荏 rj¤p"nq衣k"x "j羽 th嘘ng j„c"n o"ejq"rj¤p"nq衣k"8逢嬰c h嬰r"n#"x "ej pj"zƒe"j挨p0
3.2.2. Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"pijk‒p c泳u th詠c nghi羽m:
Th詠c nghi羽o"mfiq"8泳v"eƒe"o磯w"oc{"vt‒p"d<pi"x違k"mjƒe"pjcw"d茨pi"eƒe"nq衣i ch雨 oc{"mjƒe"pjcw"vjgq"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vj穎vk‒w"ejw育n.[23], [24], [22]
3.2.2.1. Zƒe" 8おnh lばc lずn nhＸv" n o" 8とv" 8⇔ぜpi" oc{" vjgq" rj⇔￢pi" rjƒr" Uvtkr" *rj⇔￢pi"rjƒr"d<pi"xＶi)
M映e"8 ej"e栄a vi羽e"zƒe"8鵜pj"8瓜 b隠p"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"oƒ{"mfiq"8泳v"d<pi"x違i nh茨m 8ƒpj"ikƒ"u泳c ch鵜w"8詠ng c栄c"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"x違k"mjk"vƒe"8瓜ng l詠c th鰯pi"i„e"x噂k"8逢運ng oc{"vt‒p"x違k0"P„"ik¿r"ejq"eƒe"pj "u違n xu医v"8ƒpj"ikƒ"8逢嬰c hi羽u su医t c栄c"8逢運ng may khi bi院v"8逢嬰e"8瓜 b隠p"mfiq"8泳v"d<pi"x違i.
Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"p {"ƒr"f映ng ch栄 y院u cho v違i d羽v"vjqk."mj»pi"ƒr"f映ng cho v違k"8 p" h欝i, v違k"8鵜a k悦 thu壱t, v違k"mj»pi"f羽t, v違k"vtƒpi"rj栄, v違i th栄y tinh, v違i d羽t t穎 s嬰i cacbon ho員c v違i d羽t t瑛 s嬰i polyolefin.
M磯u v違k"e„"8逢運pi"oc{"f́pi"8吋 th穎 nghi羽o"e„"vj吋 8逢嬰c l医y t瑛 eƒe"u違n ph育m may m員c ho員c chu育n b鵜 m磯u v違k"d‒p"piq k"t欝i t衣q"tc"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"8„0A逢運ng may s穎 d映pi"n "8逢運ng may th鰯pi."mj»pi"f́pi"8逢運pi"oc{"x”pi0 Thi院t b鵜mfiq"8泳v"d<pi"x違i n "nq衣i thi院t b鵜e„"v嘘e"8瓜mfiq"f«p"d<pi"x違i v噂i h羽 s嘘mfiq"f«p"mj»pi"8鰻i.
Piw{‒p"n#"n "u穎 d映ng m瓜t m磯u v違i th穎e„"m ej"vj逢噂e"sw{"8鵜pj"e„"8逢運ng may 荏 gi英c"8逢嬰e"mfiq"f k"xw»pi"i„e"x噂k"8逢運ng may v噂i t嘘e"8瓜mj»pi"8鰻k"ejq"8院p"mjk"8逢運ng may b鵜8泳t. L詠c t嘘k"8c"n o"8泳v"8逢運pi"oc{"8逢嬰c ghi l衣i.
Chu育n b鵜 m磯u th穎e„"8逢運ng may *A挨p"x鵜 theo TCKT: mm).
T瑛 m磯u l噂n c栄c"rj”pi"vj "pijk羽m, c逸v"tc" v"pj医t 05 m磯u th穎e„"ejk隠u r瓜ng 100 oo"pj逢"j·pj"3.1. Vt‒p"o厩i m磯u nh臼 c逸v"8k"rj亥n g衣ej"ejfiq"pj逢"o磯u th穎vtqpi"j·pj" v胤 3.2. M磯u th穎 cu嘘k"épi"u胤e„"j·pj"f衣pi"pj逢"j·pj 3.5.
Nhi羽v"8瓜x "8瓜育o"vjgq"VEXP"396:<4229."KUQ"35;<42270"O»k"vt逢運pi"e„"pjk羽t 8瓜42ł"4"oE"x "8瓜育o"87"ł6"*'+0
Ak隠u ki羽n thi院t b鵜vj "pijk羽o<"Oƒ{"mfiq"8泳v"d<pi"x違i Kho違pi"eƒej"ik英c"jck"j o"m姻p m磯w<"422"ł"3"oo" T嘘e"8瓜mfiq"8泳v<"322"oo1"rj¿v0
J·pj"3.1.Mｄu thぬ nghiうm vずi 8⇔ぜpi"oc{"x "eƒe"ejえ dｄn cてa mｄu thぬ
1- A逢運ng c逸t
2- A逢運ng may
3- Chi隠w"f k"o磯u sau khi may
J·pj"3.3.Mｄu thぬjq p"vjkうp"8あ thぬ nghiうo"vjgq"rj⇔￢pi"rjƒr"uvtkr. Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vk院p"j pj"vj "pijk羽m:
Vj "pijk羽o"8逢嬰c th詠c hi羽n t衣k"Rj”pi"vj "pijk羽m ÎRj”pi"M悦 thu壱t ÎE»pi"v{" TNHH MTV T鰻pi"E»pi"v{"4:0
Eƒe"d逢噂c ti院p"j pj<
D逢噂c 1: Chu育n b鵜 m磯w"vj "pijk羽o"vjgq"vk‒w"ejw育n k悦 thu壱v0"Eƒe"o磯w"8違m b違o eƒe"{‒w"e亥w"vjgq"vk‒w"ejw育n k悦 thu壱v"sw{"8鵜pj0"*e„"vj穎 nghi羽m ki吋o"vtc"8瓜 b隠p"mfiq" 8泳t m磯u v違i). T鰻ng s嘘 m磯w"vj "pijk羽m: 360 m磯u. M厩i m磯w"vj "pijk羽o"8逢嬰e"8ƒpj"u嘘 th泳 t詠 t瑛 1-6 theo m磯u ch雨."x "rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vj詠c hi羽p0"X "f映: m磯u 1 Î ch雨 peco Î strip. T鰻ng s嘘 m磯u th穎 nghi羽o"pj逢"x壱{"n "3:2"o磯u. 180 m磯w"e”p"n衣k"8go"ik員v"8吋 ki吋m tra 8瓜 b隠n sau khi gi員v"x "m#"jk羽u m磯u 1-Ch雨 peco ÎStrip Î G.
N o"t壱r"8吋 chu育n b鵜 m磯w"pj逢"j·pj"503 Ak隠u ki羽n gi員t:
o Oƒ{"ik員t s穎 d映pi"n "oƒ{"ik員t c穎a ngang Î htqpv"nqcfkpi"*oƒ{"e„ ch院 8瓜 gi員t 8欝 len Î yqqn"rtqitco+<"Vj "pijk羽m s穎 d映pi"oƒ{"ik員v"vk‒w"ejw育p"vtqpi"rj”pi"vj " nghi羽m t衣i Ban K悦 thu壱t- Ki吋o"8鵜pj"rj c"Pco0
o Nhi羽v"8瓜 gi員t: 60 o C
o T嘘e"8瓜 v逸v<"3222"x”pi"1rj¿v
o S穎 d映pi"z "rj”pi"ik員v"vj逢運ng. Eƒe"o磯u gi員v"8逢嬰c v逸t s鰻8吋 vtƒpj"v逢c"x違i. o Sau khi gi員v"vj·"o磯w"8逢嬰e"rj挨k"mj»"f逢噂k"ƒpj"p逸ng m員t tr運i tr詠c ti院p.
o Th運k"ikcp"x "u嘘 l亥n gi員v<"vtqpi"x”pi"v瑛 vjƒpi"32."330"O厩k"pi {"ik員v"x "rj挨k"3" l亥n.
D逢噂c 2: Ki吋o"vtc"8瓜 b隠p"mfiq"8泳v"8逢運pi"oc{"8嘘i v噂k"eƒe"o磯w"8« chu育n b鵜. o Ti院p"j pj"vj "pijk羽m, k姻r"eƒe"o磯w"x q"pi o"m姻p v噂k"eƒe"vj»pi"u嘘 vjgq"vk‒w" chu育n k悦 thu壱t ISO 13935-1.
o Ghi k院t qu違 o X穎n#"u嘘 li羽u
J·pj"3.4. Mｄu thぬ nghiうm thばc tｘvjgq"rj⇔￢pi"rjƒr"uvtkr
3.2.2.2. Zƒe"8おnh lばc lずn nhＸv"n o"8とv"8⇔ぜpi"oc{"vjgq"rj⇔￢pi"rjƒr"Itcd
M映e"8 ej"e栄a vi羽e"zƒe"8鵜pj"8瓜 b隠p"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"oƒ{"mfiq"8泳v"d<pi"x違i nh茨m 8ƒpj"ikƒ"u泳c ch鵜w"8詠ng c栄c"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"x違k"mjk"vƒe"8瓜ng l詠c th鰯pi"i„e"x噂k"8逢運ng oc{"vt‒p"x違k0"P„"ik¿r"ejq"eƒe"pj "u違n xu医v"8ƒpj"ikƒ"8逢嬰c hi羽u su医t c栄c"8逢運ng may khi bi院v"8逢嬰e"8瓜 b隠p"mfiq"8泳v"d<pi"x違i.
Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"p {"ƒr"f映ng ch栄 y院u cho v違i d羽v"vjqk."mj»pi"ƒr"f映ng cho v違k"8 p" h欝i, v違k"8鵜a k悦 thu壱t, v違k"mj»pi"f羽t, v違k"vtƒpi"rj栄, v違i th栄y tinh, v違i d羽t t穎 s嬰i cacbon ho員c v違i d羽t t瑛 s嬰i polyolefin.
M磯u v違k"e„"8逢運pi"oc{"f́pi"8吋 th穎 nghi羽o"e„"vj吋8逢嬰c l医y t瑛eƒe"u違n ph育m may m員c ho員c chu育n b鵜 m磯u v違k"d‒p"piq k"t欝i t衣q"tc"8逢運pi"oc{"vt‒p"8„0
A逢運ng may s穎 d映pi"n "8逢運ng may th鰯pi."mj»pi"f́pi"8逢運pi"oc{"x”pi0
Thi院t b鵜 mfiq"8泳v"d<pi"x違k"n "nq衣i thi院t b鵜 e„"v嘘e"8瓜mfiq"f«p"d<pi"x違i v噂i h羽 s嘘mfiq" f«p"mj»pi"8鰻i.
Chu育n b鵜 m磯u th穎e„"8逢運pi"oc{0"*A挨p"x鵜 theo TCKT: mm)
T瑛 m磯u l噂n c栄c"rj”pi"vj "pijk羽m, c逸v"tc" v"pj医t 05 m磯u th穎e„"ejk隠u r瓜ng 100 mm pj逢"j·pj"3.5.
J·pj"3.5.Mｄw"vj "pijkうo"e„"8⇔ぜpi"oc{"x "ejえ dｄn cｈt mｄu thぬvjgq"rj⇔￢pi"rjƒr"
Grab 1- A逢運ng c逸t
2- A逢運ng may
3- Chi隠w"f k"o磯w"vj "pijk羽m sau khi may Chu育n b鵜 m磯w"vj "pijk羽m:
Vt‒p"o瓜t m磯w"vj "pijk羽m, k飲 m瓜v"8逢運ng th鰯pi"eƒej"ofir"5:"oo"uw嘘t chi隠w"f k"o磯u vj "pijk羽o"pj逢"j·pj"3.6.
J·pj"3.6.Mｄu thぬ nghiうm sau khi cｈv"vjgq"j⇔ずng dｄn ‚ Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vk院p"j pj<
o Eƒe"d逢噂c chu育n b鵜 m磯w"v逢挨pi"v詠pj逢"8嘘i v噂k"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"vj穎 nghi羽m Strip. o S嘘 m磯u th穎 nghi羽o"n "582"o磯u.
o M磯u th穎 nghi羽m 8吋 gi員t th詠c hi羽p"épi"x噂i m磯u 荏rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"Uvtkr"x噂k"8k隠u ki羽p"v逢挨pi"v詠.
o Th詠c hi羽p"vj "pijk羽o"vjgq"vk‒w"ejw育n ISO 13935-2 (Grab) o A員t kho違pi"eƒej"jck"pi o"m姻p m磯w"n "322"ł"3""oo0
o A員t t嘘e"8瓜mfiq"f«p"mj»pi"8鰻k"n "72"oo1"rj¿v0
o L逸p m磯w"vj "pijk羽o"x q"eƒe"pi m k姻p m磯u. L逸p m磯w"x q"8¿pi"vtwpi"v¤o"e栄a pi o" m姻r0" A逢運pi" vtwpi" v¤o" e栄a m磯u kh噂p v噂k" 8逢運pi" vtwpi" v¤o" e栄c" pi o" m姻p. A逢運ng k飲 theo chi隠u d丑c c栄a m磯w"vt́pi"x噂i 1 c衣nh c栄c"pi o"m姻p nj逢"j·pj"509"x " j·pj"50:
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3.2.2.3. Rj⇔￢pi"rjƒr"zぬn#"uぐ liうu thばc nghiうm [25]
Ph亥n m隠m Microsoft excel 2016
Oketquqhv"Gzegn"n "rj亥n m隠o"8逢嬰c thi院t l壱p v噂i nhi隠u ch泳p<pi"j厩 tr嬰v pj"vqƒp" hi羽u qu違."ejq"rj¤p"v ej"x "mj違q"uƒv"f英 li羽u, hi吋n th鵜 x "z穎 n "違nh, bi吋u di宇p"8欝 h丑a vtqpi"mj»pi"ikcp"jck"jq員c ba chi隠w."pijk‒p"e泳w"eƒe"vjw壱v"vqƒp000
X穎n#"th嘘ng m‒"u嘘 li羽u
¬ Sai s嘘vj»
Sai s嘘vj»"n "pj英ng k院t qu違8q"d鵜 thi院w"fq"swƒ"n噂n ho員e"swƒ"pj臼. Kh逸c ph映c: B臼 k院t qu違8q"swƒ"n噂n ho員e"swƒ"pj臼.
Sai s嘘vj»"v衣q"p‒p"fq"vtqpi"swƒ"vt·pj"n o"vj "pijk羽m. Kh逸c ph映c: Ti院p"j pj"8q"n衣i.
Vt逢運ng h嬰r"8q"n詠e"mfiq"8泳v"e„"i員p m瓜t s嘘vt逢運ng h嬰p sai s嘘vj»"pj逢pi"8«"8逢嬰c x穎 n#"d茨pi"eƒej"8q"n衣i tr詠c ti院p.
¬ Sai s嘘 h羽 th嘘ng
Sai s嘘 h羽 th嘘pi"n "pj英ng sai s嘘vj逢運pi"e„"vt鵜 s嘘x "f医w"mj»pi"8鰻k."8逢嬰c l員r"8k"n員p l衣i trong t医t c違 eƒe"n亥p"8q0"Piw{‒p"pj¤p"fq"v壱t c栄c"pi逢運k"8q."f映ng c映 8q"jq員c do ngo衣i c違nh.
Kh逸c ph映c: Ki吋m nghi羽o"x "8k隠u ch雨nh d映ng c映8q."f́pi"rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"8q"vj ej"
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Vt逢運ng h嬰r"8q"n詠e"mfiq"8泳v"mj»pi"i員p ph違i l厩i sai s嘘 h羽 th嘘ng.
¬ X穎n#"u嘘 l衣c xu医t hi羽n trong k院t qu違8q
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