S嘘 li羽u kh違q"uƒv"8逢嬰c tham kh違o b荏k"]65̲"pj逢"ucw<
‚ S嘘 li羽u d亥m:
- Chi隠u dài: L= 20m
- O»8wp"8 p"j欝i: E= 2.1011 N/m2. - Mômen quán tính: I=0,048 m4.
- Kh嘘k"n逢嬰pi"vt‒p"3"8挨p"x鵜 chi隠w"f k<" ?3.70324 kg/m. ‚ S嘘 h羽 kh嘘k"n逢嬰ng bao g欝m: - m= 0,1 L (kg). - A瓜 c泳ng lò xo (c栄a v壱t th吋): k0=1,50.106 N/m. - V壱n t嘘c chuy吋p"8瓜ng c栄a v壱t th吋: v=10m/s.
Hình 4.10.Chuyあn vお 8kあm giのa dＺo"vjgq"8じ cとng cてa nｚn.
Hình 4.11 .Lばc tác dつng vào dＺm tな vｆt thあ chuyあp"8じpi"vjgq"8じ cとng cてa nｚn.
‚ Nh壱n xét: 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1x 10 -3 x/L c h u y e n v i (m )
Chuyen diem giua dam theo Kn
Kn=100 EI/L3 Kn=200 EI/L3 Kn=500 EI/L3 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 288 290 292 294 296 298 300 302 x/L L u c F ( K N )
Luc tac dung vao dam theo do cung Kn Kn=100 EI/L3
Kn=200 EI/L3 Kn=500 EI/L3
Kn Ejw{吋p"x鵜"*oo+ F (KN)
100 EL/L3 8.1 300
200 EL/L3 6.8 297
500 EL/L3 5.8 296.1
- A瓜 c泳ng c栄a n隠n càng l噂n thì chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m càng gi違m. Ak隠u này có th吋 8逢嬰c gi違k"vj ej"pj逢"ucw."mjk"8瓜 c泳ng c栄a n隠n càng l噂n thì chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m do g嘘i t詠a 8 p"j欝i gây ra s胤 gi違o"x "8瓜 c泳ng t鰻ng th吋 c栄c"u挨"8欝 k院t c医w"v<pi"n‒p0"X·"x壱y, chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m s胤 gi違m khi s胤 s嘘 n隠n càng l噂n
-A瓜 c泳ng c栄a n隠n càng l噂n, l詠c tác d映ng vào d亥m t瑛 v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜ng s胤 gi違m. Ak隠w"p {"8逢嬰c gi違k"vj ej"pj逢"ucw0"V衣i m厩i th運k"8k吋m, l詠c tác d映ng vào d亥m t瑛 v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜ng bao g欝m tr丑pi"n逢嬰ng c栄a v壱t th吋 và l詠c quán tính c栄a v壱t th吋fq"fcq"8瓜ng c栄a v壱t th吋 khi chuy吋p"8瓜ng trên d亥m. Thành ph亥p"swƒp"v pj"p {"8逢嬰c tính thông qua gia t嘘c c栄a v壱t th吋 t衣i m厩k"d逢噂c th運k"ikcp0"Mjk"8瓜 c泳ng c栄a n隠n càng l噂p."fcq"8瓜ng c栄a d亥m gi違o"x "n o"ejq"fcq"8瓜pi"vjgq"rj逢挨pi"8泳ng c栄a v壱t th吋 gi違o"vjgq0"Fq"8„."ikc" t嘘e"vjgq"rj逢挨pi"8泳ng c栄a v壱t th吋 gi違m và làm cho thành ph亥n quán tính tác d映ng vào d亥m gi違m theo.
4.2.3. Ví d映 06: Kh違o sát chuy吋n v鵜 l噂n nh医t c栄a d亥m theo v壱n t嘘c và h羽 s嘘 n隠n.
S嘘 li羽u kh違q"uƒv"8逢嬰c tham kh違o b荏k"]65̲"pj逢"ucw<
‚ S嘘 li羽u d亥m:
- Chi隠u dài: L= 20m
- O»8wp"8 p"j欝i: E= 2.1011 N/m2. - Mômen quán tính: I=0,048 m4.
- Kh嘘k"n逢嬰pi"vt‒p"3"8挨p"x鵜 chi隠w"f k<" ?3.70324
kg/m.
‚ S嘘 h羽 kh嘘k"n逢嬰ng bao g欝m: - m= 0,1 L (kg).
- A瓜 c泳ng lò xo (c栄a v壱t th吋): k0=1,50.106 N/m.
D亥o"8逢嬰c chia thành 20 ph亥n t穎."d逢噂c th運k"ikcp" v?20223u0
‚ Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"mj違o sát: 泳ng v噂i m厩i thông s嘘 v壱n t嘘c c栄a v壱t th吋 di chuy吋n trên d亥m, ta tìm chuy吋n v鵜 l噂n nh医t c栄a d亥o"v逢挨pi"泳ng v噂i h羽 s嘘 n隠n Kn.
Hình 4.12. Chuyあn vお lずn nhＸt cてa dＺo"vjgq"8じ cとng cてa nｚn và vｆn tぐc chuyあp"8じng cてa vｆt thあ.
‚ Nh壱n xét:
- H羽 s嘘 n隠p"x "fcq"8瓜ng c栄a d亥m t益 l羽 ngh鵜ch nhau.
- Khi v壱t th吋 chuy吋p" 8瓜ng v噂i v壱n t嘘c nh臼 (vø:2"mo1j+, 8逢運ng bi吋u di宇n m嘘i quan h羽 gi英a v壱n t嘘c và chuy吋n v鵜 nh医p nhô nhi隠w0"Fq"8„."e„"vj吋 xem 違pj"j逢荏ng c栄a v壱n t嘘c chuy吋p"8瓜pi"8院n chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m là khá nhi隠u.
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 5 6 7 8 9 10 11x 10 -3 van toc (Km/h) C h u y e n v i m a x (m )
Chuyen vi max cua dam theo Kn va V
Kn=100 EI/L3
Kn=200 EI/L3
Kn=500 EI/L3
- Khi v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜ng v噂i v壱n t嘘c l噂n (vœ:2mo1j+."8逢運ng bi吋u di宇n quan h羽 gi英a chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m và v壱n t嘘c n "8逢運pi"eqpi"vt挨p."i亥p"pj逢"n "8逢運ng th鰯ng. . Do 8„."e„"vj吋 xem 違pj"j逢荏ng c栄a v壱n t嘘c chuy吋p"8瓜pi"8院n chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m là tuy院n tính.
- Kh違o sát v=80km/h, ta th医y r茨ng, chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m là nh臼 nh医v0"Swc"8„."e„"vj吋 nói t欝n t衣i m瓜t giá tr鵜 v壱n t嘘c t噂i h衣n làm cho d亥m chuy吋n v鵜 nh臼 nh医t. Khi chuy吋n 8瓜ng v噂i v壱n t嘘c l噂n ho員c nh臼 j挨p"x壱n t嘘c này thì chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m s胤 l噂p"j挨p0"Aây là m瓜v"8k隠u m噂i trong quá trình kh違q"uƒv"d k"vqƒp"8瓜pi"x "e„"#"pij c"vtqpi"swƒ"vt·pj" khai thác, s穎 d映ng.
4.2.4. Ví d映 07: Kh違q"uƒv"8瓜 võng l噂n nh医t c栄a d亥o"vjgq"8瓜 c泳ng c栄a n隠n (Kn) và h羽 kh嘘k"n逢嬰ng (Ko).
S嘘 li羽u kh違q"uƒv"8逢嬰c tham kh違o b荏k"]65̲"pj逢"ucw<
‚ S嘘 li羽u d亥m:
- Chi隠u dài: L= 20m
- O»8wp"8 p"j欝i: E= 2.1011 N/m2. - Mômen quán tính: I=0,048 m4.
- Kh嘘k"n逢嬰pi"vt‒p"3"8挨p"x鵜 chi隠w"f k<" ?3.70324 kg/m. ‚ S嘘 h羽 kh嘘k"n逢嬰ng bao g欝m: - m= 0,1 L (kg). - A瓜 c泳ng lò xo (c栄a v壱t th吋): k0=1,50.106 N/m - V壱n t嘘c chuy吋p"8瓜ng: v=20m/s.
D亥o"8逢嬰c chia thành 20 ph亥n t穎."d逢噂c th運k"ikcp" v?20223u0
‚ Rj逢挨pi"rjƒr"mj違o sát: 泳ng v噂i m厩i thông s嘘 8瓜 c泳pi"8 p"j欝i c栄a v壱t th吋 di chuy吋n trên d亥m (Ko), ta tìm chuy吋n v鵜 l噂n nh医t c栄a d亥o"v逢挨pi"泳ng v噂i h羽 s嘘 n隠n Kn.
Hình 4.13. Chuyあn vお lずn nhＸt cてa dＺo"vjgq"8じ cとng cてa nｚn và vｆn tぐc chuyあp"8じng cてa vｆt thあ.
‚ Nh壱n xét:
- H羽 s嘘 n隠p"x "fcq"8瓜ng c栄a d亥m t益 l羽 ngh鵜ch nhau.
- Fcq"8瓜ng c栄a d亥m là m瓜t hàm c栄c"8瓜 c泳ng c栄a h羽 kh嘘k"n逢嬰ng. Ta th医y r茨ng, v噂i cùng m瓜v"8瓜 c泳ng n隠n (Kn), s胤 có m瓜t giá tr鵜 Ko làm cho d亥o"fcq"8瓜ng nh臼 nh医t.
- Mjk"8瓜 c泳ng c栄a h羽 kh嘘k"n逢嬰ng càng l噂n, chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥o"e„"zw"j逢噂ng gi違m. Vì v壱{."8瓜 c泳ng c栄a h羽 kh嘘k"n逢嬰pi"8„pi"xck"vt” g亥n gi嘘ng pj逢"o瓜t thi院t b鵜 gi違m ch医n cho k院t c医u d亥m. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 x 106 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5x 10 -3 Ko (N/m) C h u y e n v i m a x (m )
Chuyen vi max cua dam theo Kn va Ko voi v=20m/s
Kn=100 EI/L3
Kn=200 EI/L3
Kn=500 EI/L3
EJ姶愛PI"7< K蔭T LU一N VÀ KI蔭N NGH卯 5.1. K院t lu壱n.
- A«"z¤{"f詠pi"8逢嬰c mô hình tính toán d亥m t詠c"8挨p"ej鵜u v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜ng xét 8院n bi院n d衣ng n隠p"x "o„pi"8吋rj¤p"v ej"8瓜ng l詠c c栄a d亥m.
- A«"vjk院t l壱r"8逢嬰e"rj逢挨pi"vt·pj"xk"rj¤p"fcq"8瓜ng c栄a h羽 th嘘ng g欝m d亥m t詠a trên g嘘k"8 p"j欝i và v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜ng trên d亥m.
- Xây d詠pi" 8逢嬰c thu壱v" vqƒp" x " ej逢挨pi" vt·pj" 8吋 gi違k" rj逢挨pi" vt·pj" xk" rj¤p" fcq" 8瓜ng c栄a d亥m t詠c"8挨p"ej鵜u v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜pi"zfiv"8院n bi院n d衣ng n隠p"x "o„pi"vt‒p"e挨" s荏 rj逢挨pi" rjƒr" rj亥n t穎 h英u h衣p." rj逢挨pi" rjƒr" vích phân tr詠c ti院p Newmark b茨ng ngôn ng英 l壱p trình Matlab.
- Trong mô hình d亥m t詠c"8挨p"ej鵜u v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜pi"zfiv"8院n bi院n d衣ng n隠n và móng, quan h羽 gi英a h羽 s嘘 n隠n và h羽 s嘘 8瓜ng chuy吋n v鵜 là t益 l羽 ngh鵜ch; quan h羽 gi英a v壱n t嘘c và h羽 s嘘8瓜ng chuy吋n v鵜 là t益 l羽 thu壱n.
- V壱n t嘘c di chuy吋n c栄a v壱t th吋 th医p thì 違pj"j逢荏ng nhi隠w"8院p"fcq"8瓜ng l噂n nh医t c栄a d亥m, khi v壱n t嘘c di chuy吋n l噂n thì m嘘i quan h羽 gi英a v壱n t嘘e"x "fcq"8瓜ng l噂n nh医t c栄a d亥m g亥p"pj逢"n "vw{院n tính. T欝n t衣i m瓜t giá tr鵜 v壱n t嘘c t噂i h衣n làm cho chuy吋n v鵜 c栄a d亥m là nh臼 nh医t.
- A瓜 c泳ng liên k院t c栄a v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜ng có tác d映ng h医p th映fcq"8瓜ng và làm gi違o"fcq"8瓜ng c栄a d亥m.
5.2. Ki院n ngh鵜.
- Rj¤p"v ej"8瓜ng l詠c khi d亥m ch鵜u nhi隠u v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜ng trên d亥o"8欝ng th運i và ch鵜u nhi隠u tác d映pi"mjƒe"pj逢"8瓜pi"8医vÈ
- Phân v ej"fcq"8瓜ng c栄a d亥m khi v壱t th吋8«"tc"mj臼i d亥m.
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PH影 L影C
Ej逢挨pi"vt·pj"v pj"vqƒp"f亥m t詠c"8挨p"ej鵜u v壱t th吋 chuy吋p"8瓜pi"zfiv"8院n bi院n d衣ng n隠n và móng: VBIwDF.m
format compact
clc clear
disp('Dam tua don chiu vat the chuyen dong xet den bien dang nen va mong'); L=20;%m noe=20; loe=L/noe; non=noe+1; nonpe=2; nodofpn=2; nodofos=non*nodofpn; coord(:,2)=0; for i=0:noe coord(i+1,1)=i*loe; end E=2e11;%N/m2 I=0.048;%m4 ro=1.5e4;%kg/m kn=100*E*I/L^3; for i=1:noe elem(i,1)=i; elem(i,2)=i+1; end
%bo xu ly dieu kien bien
K=zeros(nonpe*nodofpn,nonpe*nodofpn); M=zeros(nonpe*nodofpn,nonpe*nodofpn); ix=zeros(nonpe*nodofpn,1); KOS=zeros(nodofos,nodofos); MOS=zeros(nodofos,nodofos); f=zeros(nodofos,1); for ie=1:noe endoe(1)=elem(ie,1); endoe(2)=elem(ie,2); [K,M]=smovibbeamelem2(E,loe,I,ro); ix=indexos(endoe,nonpe,nodofpn); [KOS,MOS]=smosovib(KOS,MOS,K,M,ix); end KOS;
MOS;
KOS(1,1)=KOS(1,1)+kn;
KOS(nodofos-1,nodofos-1)=KOS(nodofos-1,nodofos-1)+kn; COS=zeros(nodofos,nodofos);
%Khai bao dac trung khoi luong di chuyen
mv=0.1*ro*L;% khoi luong vehicle (kg)
kv=10;%do cung lo xo cua vehicle
cv=0;%he so can cua vehicle
v=60;%van toc chuyen dong cua vehicle
am=0;%gia toc chuyen dong cua vehicle
T=L/v;%thoi gian vat di het dam %Hang so tich phan Newmark
gama=1/2; beta=1/4;
dt=0.001;%buoc thoi gian
a0=1/(beta*dt^2); a1=gama/(beta*dt); a2=1/(beta*dt); a3=1/(2*beta)-1; a4=gama/beta-1; a5=dt/2*(gama/beta-2); a6=dt/(1-gama); a7=gama*dt;
%dieu kien ban dau
X0=zeros(nodofos+1,1); X0d=zeros(nodofos+1,1); X0dd=zeros(nodofos+1,1); X(:,1)=X0; Xd(:,1)=X0d; Xdd(:,1)=X0dd; t=0; i=1; for t=dt:dt:T i=i+1; xglobal=v*t+0.5*am^2/2; s=fix(xglobal/loe)+1; if s<=noe s=s; else s=noe; end xlocal=xglobal-(s-1)*loe;