D. Cđu yíu cầu mang hình thức cđu hỏi có từ để hỏi:
b. Cđu hỏi YE S/ NO:
NHỮNG GHI CHÚ QUAN TRỌNG:
Ghi chú 1: Câc trường hợp không đổi lùi thì của động từ:
1. Nếu động từ ở mệnh đề giới thiệu được dùng ở thì hiện tại đơn, hiện tại tiếp diễn, hiện tại
hoăn thănh hoặc tương lai đơn:→ thì THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ trong cđu giân tiếp không
đổi.
2. Cđu trực tiếp diễn tả chđn lý hiển nhiín, một điều luôn đúng, định lý, tiín đề,…: THÌ (tense) của động từ không đổi lùi thì. (tense) của động từ không đổi lùi thì.
• Yesterday the teacher said: “The earth goes round the sun”. → Yesterday the teacher said the earth goes round the sun.
• “My father always drinks coffee after dinner.” said he. → He said that his father always drinks coffee after dinner.
3. Câc modal verbs trong dấu ngoặc như: WOULD, COULD, MIGHT, OUGHT TO,
SHOULD, USED TO, WOULD RATHER, HAD BETTER,... :không thay đổi (còn MUST → MUST / HAD TO).
4. Động từ trong cđu cđu nói có thời gian xâc định: → THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ trong cđu giân tiếp không đổi.
• He said, “I was born in 1980”. → He said that he was born in 1980
• “I moved to Hong Ngu in 2002”, she said. → She said that she moved to Hong Ngu in 2002.
5. Cđu điều kiện loại 2, loại 3 vă Past Subjunctive (trong WISH, AS IF, AS THOUGH,... ) →
thì THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ trong cđu giân tiếp không đổi.
• “If I were you, I wouldn’t comehere”, he said.
→ He said if he were me, he wouldn’t go there.
• Mary said, “I wish I were a boy.”
→ Mary said that she wished she were a boy.
• “You acted as if you had much money ”, she said to me.
→ She told me that I had acted as if I had much money.
• “If you had done the test well, you would have passed the exam”, Tom said.
→ Tom told me if I had done the test well, I would have passed the exam.
Ghi chú 2: Có những trường hợp SO vă SUCH nín được đổi thănh VERY hoặc TOO để phù hợp với tình huống. (Dănh cho học sinh giỏi nghiín cứu thím)
• “I played volley ball so well yesterday”, Bob said.
→ Bob said that he had played volley ball very well the day before
• They said, “Mr. Smith is such a famous doctor”.
→ They said that Mr. Smith was a very famous doctor.
Ghi chú 3: Có những trường hợp ta cũng cần một số thay đổi trong cđu cảm thân: Tùy tình
huống mă ta có thể thím câc tính từ, trạng từ để diễn tả hết ý nghĩa của cđu tình huống đó. (Dănh cho học sinh giỏi nghiín cứu thím)
• He said, “How pleasant! Daisy comes to dinner with me.”
→ He cried joyfully/ delightedly/ with joy that Daisy came to dinner with him.
• He said, “I am sorry! I have no money.”
→ He said sadly/ sorrowly/ with deep sadness that he had no money.
• She said to him, “Excuse me for my rudeness.” → She apologized him for her rudeness.
• “Thank you for your help.” she said them. → She thanked them for their help.
Ghi chú 4: Câc cđu yíu cầu, đề nghị có LET’S…, PLEASE, WOULD YOU PLEASE…?, WOULD YOU MIND…. ?, WOULD YOU LIKE…? thì bỏ. Tương tự, ta cũng bỏ nhóm từ YOU SHOULD… trong cđu khuyín bảo.
• She said, “I am tired. I have been waiting for you for hours”.
→ She told me that she was tired because she had been waiting for me for hours.
• “I stood at the shcool gate at 7 o’clock. I came to class at 7:30”, he said.
→ He said that he had stood at the school gate at 7 o’clock and he had come to class at 7:30. GHI CHÚ CHO HỌC SINH GIỎI:
Đổi cđu trực tiếp sang cđu giân tiếp bằng câch sử dụng bất kỳ cấu trúc cđu năo cũng được, miễn lă cđu nói của người tường thuật diễn đạt được hết ý của lời nói trực tiếp lă được chứ không nhất thiết phải tuđn theo câc quy tắc trín một câch cứng nhắc, mây móc.
Băi tập âp dụng:
Exercise 1: Hêy chọn MỘT cđu trả lời đúng nhất:
1. Tom _________ that he was having a party there in the evening.
A. asks B. said C. says D. told
2. Claire told me that her father _________ a racehorse.
A. owns B. owned C. owning D. has owned
3. You said you _________ chocolate, but you had never eaten any.
A. likes B. liking C. to like D. liked
4. Rachel insisted that they _________ plenty of time.
A. have B. to have C. having D. had
5. Rachel (a week ago): I’m taking my driving test tomorrow.
You (today): When I saw Rachel, she said she was taking her driving test _________.
A. the next day B. tomorrow C. yesterday D. last day
6. Emma (two days ago): I’ve only had this new computer since yesterday. You (today): Emma said she’d only had the new computer since _________.
A. the day before B. last day C. yesterday D. tomorrow
7. Mathew (a week ago): I’m meeting a friend at the station later today. You (today): Mathew said he was meeting a friend at the station later...
A. there B. last day C. that week D. that day
8. What did that man say_________?
A. at you B. for you C. to you D. you
9. I rang my friend in Australia yesterday, and she said it _________ raining there.
A. is B. were C. has been D. was
10. The builders have _________ that everything will be ready on time.
A. promised B. promise C. promises D. promising
11. The doctor _________ him to take more exercise.
A. told B. tell C. have told D. are telling
12. The last time I saw Jonathan, he looked very relaxed. He explained that he’d been on holiday the _________ week.
A. ago B. following C. next D. previous
13. Yesterday, Laura _________ him to put some shelves up.
A. asked B. is asking C. ask D. was asked
14. Tom has _________ this story wasn’t completely true.
A. admitting that B. was admitted that C. admitted that D. admit that 15. When I rang Tessa some time last week, she said she was busy _________ day.
A. that B. the C. then D. this
16. 16. I wonder _________ the tickets are on sale or not.
A. that B. when C. where D. whether
17. Mathew _________ Emma that her train was about to leave.
A. has reminded B. has reminded that C. reminded D. reminded that 18. Hello, Jim. I didn’t expect to see you today. Sophie said you _________ ill.
A. are B. were C. was D. should be
19. Ann _________ and left.
A. said goodbye to me B. says me goodbye C. tell me goodbye D. told me goodbye 20. Bill was slow, so I _________ hurry.
21. I told you _________ switch off the computer, didn’t I?
A. don’t B. not C. not to D. to not
22. Sarah was driving too fast, so I _________ to slow down.
A. asked her B. asked C. ask D. have asked her
23. Someone _________ me that there’d been an accident on the motorway.
A. asked B. said C. spoke D. told
24. Sue was very pessimistic about the situation. I advised her _________.
A. no worry B. not worry C. no to worry D. not to worry
25. I couldn’t move the piano alone, so I asked Tom _________.
A. giving a hand B. gave a hand C. to give a hand D. give a hand 26. Tom said that New York _________ more lively than London.
A. is B. be C. was D. were
27. When he was at Oliver’s flat yesterday, Martin asked if he _________ use the phone.
A. can B. might C. may D. must
28. George couldn’t help me. He _________ me to ask Kate.
A. tell B. said C. told D. say
29. Judy _________ going for a walk, but no one else wanted to.
A. admitted B. offered C. promised D. suggested
30. Jack asked me _________.
A. where do you come from B. where I come from
C. where I came from D. where did I come from
31. She asked me _________ I liked music.
A. who B. if C. while D. what
32. I said that I had met her _________.
A. yesterday B. the previous day C. the day D. the before day 33. The man asked the boys _________.
A. why did they fight B. why they were fighting
C. why they fight D. why were they fighting 34. “_________ the door”, he said.
A. Please open B. Please to open C. Opened please D. Please, opening 35. I wanted to know _________ return home.
A. when would she B. when will she C. when she will D. when she would
36. The woman wonders _________ doing well at school.
A. whether her children are B. whether her children were
C. if her children were D. her children are if 37. Peter said he was leaving for Paris _________.
A. next week B. the week previous C. following week D. the following week
38. “I don’t usually drink milk when _________”, Mrs. Pike said
A. she was hungry B. I was hungry C. I am hungry D. I will be hungry 39. They said that their house had been broken into _________.
A. two days ago B. two days before C. the two days before D. since two days 40. She advised me _________ an apple every day to stay healthy.
A. eating B. I should eat C. to eat D. Please, eat 41. She asked me_________ the seat_________ or not
A. If / had occupied B. Whether / was occupied
C. If / has been occupied D. Whether / occupied 42. The policeman asked us_________.
A. had any of us seen the accident happen B. whether any of us had seen the accident happen
C. if had any of us seen the accident happen D. that if any of us had seen the accident happen 43. I asked him_________ ,but he said nothing
A. what the matter was B. what was the matter C. the matter was what D. what’s the matter 44. James_________ him up when the bus reached the square
A. told me wake B. asked me to wake
C. said me to wake D. requested me waking 45. I wonder_________ we’ll catch the bus_________ we’ll take a taxi
A. if / and whether B. whether / or that C. if / or that D. whether / or whether 46. Excuse me. Could you tell me_________?
A. what time is it B. what is the time C. what time it is D. it is what time 47. We wonder_________ from his office after that scandal
A. why did he not resign B. why he did not resign
C. why he not resign D. why didn’t he resign 48. Jeff wanted to know_________.
A. that why were his friends laughing B. why were his friends laughing
C. why his friends were laughing D. the reason why his friends laughing 49. Mr. Hawk told me that he would give me his answer the_________ day
A. previous B. following C. before D. last
50. She_________ him whether he liked the steak she cooked or not.
A. asks B. wondered C. wanted to know D. asked
51. His neighbors sometimes wondered_________ he did for a living.
A. why B. when C. where D. what
52. Could you please tell me_________?
A. it is how far to the nearest bus stop B. how far is it to the nearest bus stop C. how far to the nearest bus stop is it D. how far it is to the nearest bus stop
53. Marigold wondered_________ Kevin and Ruth would be at the party.
A. that B. unless C. if D. which
54. He asked me_________.
A. how long you have studied English B. how long had you studied English C. how long you had study English D. how long you had studied English
55. The passenger asked_________ we landed because she was afraid of being late for the meeting.
A. what B. when C. if D. why
56. John asked me _______ in English.
A. what does this word mean B. what that word means C. what did this word mean D. what that word meant
57. She said she _______ collect it for me after work.
A. would B. did C. must D. had
58. She said I _______ an angel.
A. am B. was C. were D. have been
59. I have ever told you he _______ unreliable.
A. is B. were C. had been D. would be
60. I told him _______ the word to Jane somehow that I _______ to reach her during the early hours. A. passing / will try B. he will pass / tried
C. to pass / would be trying D. he passed / have tried 61. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since _______.
A. yesterday B. two days ago C. the day before D. the next day 62. John asked me _______ interested in any kind of sports.
A. if I were B. if were I C. if was I D. if I was
63. John asked me _______ that film the night before.
A. that I saw B. had I seen C. if I had seen D. if had I seen
Exercise 2: Hêy chọn MỘT cđu trả lời (A, B, C hoặc D) có nghĩa gần nhất với cđu đê cho:
1. She said to Nam: “Come into my office, please. ”
A. She told Nam to come into her office. B. She told Nam to come into my office. C. She said Nam come into her office, please. D. She said Nam come into my office, please. 2. The traffic policeman said, “Show me your driving license, please. ”
A. The traffic policeman asked to show me your driving license, please. B. The traffic policeman suggested to show him your driving license.
C. The traffic policeman suggested showing him my driving license. D. The traffic policeman asked to show me his driving license. 3. Mrs. Jackson said to Alice, “Could you give me a hand, please”
B. Mrs. Jackson told Alice to give her a hand.
C. Mrs. Jackson asked to Alice to give her a hand.
D. Mrs. Jackson cursed Alice if she could give her a hand.
4. Nam said to the taxi driver, “Please turn left at the first traffic light. ” A. Nam asked the taxi driver please turn left at the first traffic light. B. Nam said the taxi driver to turn left at the first traffic light. C. Nam asked the taxi driver turning left at the first traffic light.
D. Nam told the taxi driver to turn left at the first traffic light.
5. The police said, “Don’t touch anything in the room. ”
A. The police commanded us not to touch anything in the room.
B. The police advised to not touch anything in the room. C. The police said not touch anything in the room. D. The police asked not touching anything in the room. 6. Mary said to John, “Can you carry my suitcase, please?”
A. Mary ordered John if he could carry my suitcase, please. B. Mary asked John if he could carry my suitcase, please.
C. Mary had John carry her suitcase.
D. Mary suggested John to carry her suitcase, please.
7. “Would you like to have dinner with me?”, Miss Hoa said to me A. Miss Hoa asked me if would I like to have dinner with her?
B. Miss Hoa suggested me if I would like to have dinner with her or not. C. Miss Hoa told me to like to have dinner with her or not.
D. Miss Hoa invited me to have dinner with her.
8. “You should stay in bed”, I said to him.
A. I said him he should stay in bed. B. I advised him to stay in bed.
C. I prayed him to stay in bed. D. I ordered him you should stay in bed. 9. My mother told me “You should visit your grandmother tomorrow”
A. My mother told me I should visit your grandmother tomorrow. B. My mother invited me to visit my grandmother tomorrow.
C. My mother advised me to visit my grandmother the day after.
D. My mother urged me visiting my grandmother the next day. 10. His sister said, “I don’t buy this book. ”
A. His sister said I don’t buy this book. B. His sister said she didn’t buy this book. C. His sister said I didn’t buy that book. D. His sister said she didn’t buy that book.
11. They said, “We have to try our best to win the match. ” A. They said we have to try our best to win the match. B. They said we have to try their best to win the match.
C. They said they had to try their best to win the match.
D. They said they had to try our best to win the match.
12. “I will expect to see you next Wednesday”, said Mary to her boy friend.
A. Mary sai to her boy friend she would expect to see you the following Wednesday.
B. Mary promised her boy friend that she would expect to see you the following Wednesday.
C. Mary expected to see her boy friend the following Wednesday.
D. Mary told boy her friend that she would expect to see him the next Wednesday. 13. “She is my friend”, I said to Nam.
A. I said to Nam she is my friend. B. I told to Nam she was my friend.