Viet ma tiong nhieu the' ky trudc khdng cd.
Vao nua da'u Ihe ky XX d nudc ta khdng cd phuong tien Ihong tin nao khac
ngoai bao chi. S\i Idn manh d^n cua bao chi td ra rang tie'ng Viet ngay cang phuc vu
dac lUc cho sir nghiep truyen thdng. Mdt chuyen luan 73 Irang da nghien ci'ru vAn de- nay. Tac gia da thd'ng ke duoc lai ca 301 dau bao hoac lap chf d ca 3 ky (cd danh sach kem theo), sap xep theo lich dai, dung nen duoc mot bidu dd. Ttr 1900 den
1945 dudng cong bidu dien tren do thi cho tha'y nhirng nam 1920, 1930, 1945 la
nhung nam bao chf phat tridn nhal. Dieu nay cung phii hop vdi nhung bien chuydn chfnh tri xa hdi d nudc la, va lich sir phat tridn cua bao chi duoc chia thanh 3 giai
doan khdng phai la khdng cd ca sd.
1/ Didm lai giai doan d^u (1900-1920) ta th^y hdi ddu the ky edn cd td bao nhu Nhat bao Tinh (1905 d Nam ky) ehi la ban dich cua mdt td bao Phap, hoac nhOng td bao vira in bang chiT Qudc ngiJ, vira in bang chir Han nhu Dai Viel TAn bao (1905), hoac Dang c6 tiing bao (1907). Dieu dd phan anh mdi luong quan lue
lUdng giOa chi? Qud'c ngi? va chQ Han, va tieng Viet chua chiem ITnh duoc hoan loan
tr9n dia bao chi. Song tir 1913 den 1918 tinh hinh da khac han, dd la thdi gian idn tai cua Ddng dUdng tap chf. Trude nd va song song vdi nd edn cd nhieu td bao khac, nhung ndi trdi hdn ca trong giai doan nay chi la hai td bao Dong duong tap chf va Nam phong tap chi (1918).
Trong 5 nam hoat ddng Ddng duong tap ehi da gat hai duoc nhieu kel qua kha quan cho nen van hoc nudc nha. Tieng Viet da mach lac, tioi chay. Cd the n(')i day la thdi ky khdi ddu cua van hoc Viet Nam bang chir Qud'c ngir.
Nam phong tap chf ra ddi, vdi noi dung phong phu trong vice nghien cii'u lien cac ITnh vuc nhu trie't hoc, van hoc, lich sij phuofng tay, phuong dong, ed hoe Viel nam, chii' Han, chiJ Ndm, da lam giau cho tieng Viet. Nhieu danh lir mdi xuA'l hien. kha nang dich thuat duoc nang len rd ret. Tieng Viet bdc Id kha nang chuydn lai lol va dudc hoan thien dang kd.
2/ Giai doan 1920-1930 la giai doan phat tridn manh ciia bao chf Viel nam. Theo thd'ng ke, sd dau bao d giai doan ddu la 21 thi d giai doan Ihu hai nay da len tdi 78.
So bao chf nay cd thd chia ra hai loai: loai phi chfnh tri va loai bao chfnh Irii.
Mdi loai deu bao gdm rat nhieu driu bao khac nhau.
Trong sd cac bao thudc loai ddu, dang chu y la bao Huu Thanh do Tan Da lam chu biit (1921), Ha thanh ngo bao va bao Ddng Tay do Hoang Tfch Chu va Dd
Van chu ti-U(?ng. khdng ndi den van iha, den ngdn tir do nhdm Tan da dem lai, ma dieu dang chii y nxid la 2 td bao sau da danh dau mot sir chuydn bie'n ca ban cua ha ao
chf Viet nam: hanh van mdi, gon gang, ft dung tir Han, each trinh bay tan ky, ha'p din hon han cac bao tnrdc day.
Thuoc loai bao chfnh trj la mot sd luang bao kha 16n, g6m ea bao tien bo lan
bao phan dong. Co th^ ki ra mot sd vai nhirng xu hudng khac nhau
Rang dong tap chf (cua Tr^n Huy Lieu) nham ph6 bien nhirng tu tuang m(?i
Kich trudng binh luan chfnh tri, cong kfch chinh sach cua Phap d Ddng duang ca tung tam dan chu nghia cua Tdn Dat Tien
Tan the^kv mudn phuc hung nen Qudc hoc, kinh trong cac nha ai qudc, khinh bi bon tay sai ban nudc.
Th^n chung bi^u Id y thirc qudc gia dan toe va tinh th^n chdng chinh quyin
thuc dan
Ben canh nhffng bao tren cd 2 td bao xa'u. Dd la :
Thanh Nghe tinh tan van vdi khuynh hudng chdng cdng san rd ret. Blnh phu tan van, td bao chdng cdng manh nha't.
So luong nhiJng bao nhu the khdng nhieu. Nguac lai, nhieu han la bao chf
each mang. Nguyen ai Qudc da cho xuS't ban td Thanh nien, td CdnR ndnu, Tf1ng cdng hdi BSe ky cho ra td Lao ddng, Ddng duang ceong san cho ra td H^m md, Dan cay. Bai viet tren cac bao nay thudng ngan gon, ldi van trong sang, de hidu.
3/Giai doan 1930-1945 la giai doan bao chi VN trudng thanh ve moi mat. Y thu'c chfnh trj, van hoc phat trien manh, ky thuat lam bao da dat duac mot budc tie'n quan trong, bao chf each mang xua't hien nhieu. Neu nhu sd dau bao d thdi ky dau la 21 thi d thdi ky nay len tdi 209.
Phong hoa va Ngay nay la hai Id bao cd anh hudng to Idn vdi xa hdi, gAn vdi nhfmg cay but sang chdi duang thdi nhu Hoang Dao, Khai Hung, TTie LiJ, TIJ Md. Tidu thuyet thu bay, vdi chuyen ngan, truyen dai, Tri tan chuyen khao ciru ve nhung va'n de qua khit, Thanh Nghi lai hmjfng ve tuang lai, chuyen nghien cuu khoa hoc vdi nhdm hoc gia nhu Hoang Xuan Han, nhdm cd cdng Idn trong vice xay clung cho nudc nha mot he thuat ngii. tieng Viet duac thu thach va chfnh trong nhung thu thach nay ma nd k ^ manh.
Tieng Viet con duoc dung trong nhutig bao chi chuyen nganh, nhu id Tir Bi Am, Dudc Chan ly. Dudc Tue, Vien Am.... ve Phat giao, Thanh kinh bao. Hv vonu va Thien chua giao, va cac td Y hoc tan chi. Ve ndng bao. Ndng-Cdng-thuonti. Bfic kv thd thao, Phap luat cdva^n....
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Khi Mat Iran blnh dan len nam chfnh quydn d Phap bao ehi lai cang phat tridn. Hang loat td bao xuS^t hien nhu Tin tire, C^p tien, Qudc gia, Cd giai phdng, Binh dang, Dan mdi, Dan nguyen, Bao chf each mang thdi ky nay dac biet phong phu : Tap chf cd dd, Tranh da'u, Cd vd san. Tap chf Cdng san, v.v...
Khdng the liet ke ddy du va phan tfch anh hudng cua tirng td bao hoac tap chf, song, mot sd ddu bao tren day dii la can cir cho viec nhan dinh vd viec sir dung tieng viet tren bao chf. No da duac diing dd tiuyen dat, thao luan du eae van de tien khap cac linh vuc khac nhau. Chfnh trong qua trinh nay tieng Viet da duac Iran ddi tfch cue, ngdn ngiJ van hoc duac hoan thien.
Chuyen luan con dd cap den sir phat tridn cac dd muc trang bao. Tac gia da so sanh noi dung cua ciing mot td bao xua't ban vao nhung nam each nhau, khdng ngoai muc dfch tim ra sir phat tridn cua tieng Viet. Qua cac dd muc cd thd tha'y sir phat tridn cua bao chf, va nhd vay tie'ng Viet cung duac phat trien, nd len Idi vao cac mat cua ddi sdng xa hdi, cac nganh khoa hoc, ...(xem tr.33 ciia chuyen lufln).
Trong bao chf ben canh nhiJng bai khao cuu, ndi dung chfnh van la nhung thdng tin, phan anh nhutig va'n dd thdi sir. Tieng Viet duac su dung trong thdng tin- tdc bao chf-va trong sang tac van hoc. Cd mot thd loai trung gian giira bao chf va van hoc, dd la phdng sir. Ndi den bao chf ma khdng ndi den phdng su se la mot thieu sdt Idn.