Ch911nhirngqua th~t chin,comaudouroi, hoidap mot chut cfingduoc. Truce khi ngam
• Nguyen li~u:
HPLC
Bien tinh nhiet
tai30°C-95°C Sillckygillly Khao sat anh huong cua pH Cod~c Giai hip pchan khong Hip phu Cod~c L9C 15:85 1% HCOOH - EtOH Ngam trich Nguyen lieu
Mau cua cac san pham thuc pham nr nguyen lieu thuc v~t phu thuoc vao tinh chat cua cac ch~t mau chiratrong do tire lacac s~ct5.Nhu·ng s~c t5thuong gap trong cac nguyen lieuthuc v~t duoc chia lam 3nhorn chinh: anthocyanin lam hoa qua co malldo vaxanh lam, carotenoit: yang, chlrophyll: xanh la cay. Tit ca chung lanhtrng hop ch~t hoa hoc plnrc tap va duoc tao nentrong
qua trinh song thich ung voi cac loai thuc v~t. Mire d<)ben cua chung khac nhau va trong qua 2. Bao v~mau dociia Anthocyanin:
Khao sat anh huang cuapH
Bien tinh nhiet tai30oC,95°C apH3
Chay s~c ky gi~y va s~cky long cao ap, Sau khi co duoc dich trich tati~n hanh :
Cho djch trich da:co d~c hip thu tren c<)t Silicagen nham loai duong co trong dich trich, Anthocyanin bigiu·laivadung EtOH d~giai h~pthu.Dich qua h~pthu thuong r~t loangdo do
phai co d~clai,
• HApthu:
Co d~c bang may co d~c chan khong Heidoph VV2000 a nhiet d<) 30°C. L~y 200ml dich
tricb co d~ckhoang 60mlla duoc. N~u cod~ct5t thisethuan IQ'icho quatrinh h~pthu.
• Cod~c:
LQcsa b<)bang vailoc truce d~ loai basau do locbang IQchut chan khongvai Iftncho th~t
sach va dem dich trich co d~c. • LQc:
Cho nguyen lieuvao mroc, (SlTdung binh hay lo co n~p d~ykin) nguyen lieu nen lam d~p
truce khi bo vao d~cho qua trinh trich ti~nhanh t5t han. Dung moi trich 1%HCOOH-Etoh (15:85)duocduavao thea ti 1~1:1voinguyen lieu. Nhietd<)trich 16°Cvad~trong 3ngay, trong khi trich taco th~khuay dao chod~uva tranhanh sang. Khi trich xong tati~nhanh IQc.
• Ngam(Trich):
Khi san xu~t cac lo:;tidb hQPttt rauqua co mflUdo dong trong hQPs~thay 19thuy tinh n~p s~t,thi ta dn timcach kh§c ph\lc S\l'xu~t hi~nmQts6 ch~t m6i trong db hQplamchonu6c duang vaqua nhuQm co mau tim chtr khong phili lamau band§u Cllarau qua. Hi~n tugng nay ladocac k~tqua phan trng giu'aanthocyanin va kim lo:;ti.Mau xanh timxu~t hi~n nhanh tra thiinh nguyen D?c biet viec bao v~ mau do cu cai duong do trong ch~ bien, db hop hoi kho khan . Anthocynin cua cu cai do-betamin la mdt monoglucozit khi thuy phan cho ra agluconbetanidin C2oHI9-2307N2C1.3H20Bo. i vi ngoai s~c t6 do con co cac s~ct6 khac kha ben voi nhiet dQ,qua trinh oxy hoa, khi chan va thanh trung db hQP,thuong mau do cu cai duong bibi~nthanh rnau hbng, nau b~ntuythea rmrc dQ s~c t6 do bi pha huy. D~bao v~mau t6t han, ngiroi ta thuong srr dung it mroc khi gia cong, truce khi got hay thai nho nen nhung vao dung dich acid xitric 10- 15%hoac chan bang hoi. Khi do cac protit cua cu bidong tutrong qua trinh ch§.nse h~pphu cac ch~t mau, gilt lai mau. Ngoai ra con cophuong phap thanh trung b~ngeach chien cactia ion hoa: tia Y cua Coban phong x:;t60giupgiu'dugc mau sangva d~mhan.
Anthocynin r~t nhay cam voi moi tnrong. Vi du nhu ch~t mau cua b~p cai do rubrobraxin clorit: pH 2,4- 4maudo tham, pH 4- 6tim,pH= 6xanh lam, con trong moi tnrong kiern thi co mau xanh la cay. Suthay d6i mau nay laqua trinh thuan nghich, n~uth~ymau khong thuan loi trong db hQP b~pcai do thi co th~ thay dbi bang each cho them hrong nho acid axetic.
Cac s~c t6 anthocyanin lanhitng h9P ch~t hoa h9C phirc tap trong nhom glucozit. Trang tv
nhien conhieu hop ch~t loai nay, co trong rau qua voi s6 luong, ty I~khac nhau va cac bQph~n khac cua thuc v~t lam cho chung co nhirng mau s~c khac nhau. Gbmco 4 loai: pelacgonidin, xianidin, denfinidin, apigenidin. Co mau do, xanh lam va cac mau s~c tuong tv cua rau qua la cac ester cuacac anthocyanin nay.
Tao co mau xam den sau khigot vo
Khoai tay co mauxam saukhi got vohay n~u chin
trinh baa quan , ch~ bi~n va cac gia cong khac lam thay d6i thea nhirng each khac nhau va do chinh la nguyen nhan ly giai tai sao thuc pham adang tuoi co mau s~c dep nhung sau khi ch~ bien mau s~ckern di mot phan hay melth~nlam giam gia tri m~ithang, gia tri dinh duong giam , giam giatri sinh IY.
D~bao v~t6t mau tv nhien tathem mot itchAtchong oxy hoa vao san pham. Cho rufin vao thi Anh Dao, Man gifr mau t6t han, cho axit ascobic (350mg cho lkg san pham k~ ca mroc
duong) vao d6 hop Mo, AnhDao thi san pham coman, mui, do chac qua t6t han.
nhan lnrhong hang loat d6hop. D6i voi loai nay chi duoc dung cac hop co n~ps~t hoac nhom co
trang vecni. Nhirng hirhong nrong tv cling co th~ xayra khi ch~bi~n cac loai rau qua co mau do tren ban bang s~t,nghien bang cac may him nr nhorn.