y amp r model of brand strength

... expression of RANK/RANKL, and further confirm that this rapid model of inflammatory arthritis is suitable for studies of RA Materials and methods Adenoviral vectors and delivery of cytokines Replication-defective ... osteoclast precursor cells that is crucial for osteoclast R6 1 Arthritis Research & Therapy Vol No Hui et al Figure Intra-articular overexpression of oncostatin M (OSM) with either IL-1 or tumour necrosis ... factor receptor neutralizes tumor necrosis factor alpha and reduces arthritis Hum Gene Ther 2000, 11:2431-2442 Taylor PC, Williams RO, Maini RN: Immunotherapy for rheumatoid arthritis Curr Opin...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... culture and carried out RNA extraction for microarray, and RNA amplification for RT- PCR LR, FP, and IL performed cDNA microarray analyses and RT-PCR studies AM carried out statistical analysis of ... reverse transcription (RT)-PCR For RT-PCR, µg of the total RNA pools used for comparative microarray experiments were reverse-transcribed using M-MLV transcriptase (Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, MD, ... factor receptor superfamily, member 6b, decoy 2.20 PRG1 ↑ Proteoglycan 1, secretory granule 1.32 Apoptosis Page of 17 (page number not for citation purposes) Arthritis Research & Therapy Vol...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 08:22

... literature, both the value of parameter k4 and that of k5 are estimated by trial-and-error Utilization by erythrocytes Similar to brain glucose metabolism, glucose utilization by erythrocytes, ured ... pancreatic hormonal secretion in this model The parameter s varies from to 1, which describes the severity of stress from mild to severe Furthermore, the duration of stress (short-term or long-term) can ... models are useful either theoretically or practically, they lack key physiological aspects of the GIG regulatory system That is, the roles of brain and stress are not included in any of these models...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... 1/PAFEe R0 0 Rge Multiplicative R0 0 Rg0 R0 e Rg 0R0 e /R0 0 Additive R0 e Rg0 +R0 e -R0 0 R0 e (1-Rg0) (1 -R0 e)/(1 -R0 0) Genetic effect in highexposure group only Reverse multiplicative -rt/(1-rt) R0 0 Rg0 R0 0 Rg0 ... genotype-environment correlation) and that risks within a category are randomly distributed The relative risk for a relative of type "rel" may then be written: rel rel rel cases rel λrel = (1 − prel )(1 ... The four category model: risks and cases for a population of size N Category Risk of being in category Number of people in category Number of cases in category ge (high-risk genotype/high-risk...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... primary source of energy to drive active transport of particles from regions of low concentration to regions of high concentration The ABC superfamily transporters are structurally related membrane ... (secondary transporters), Primary active transporters, Group translocators, Transport electron carriers, Accessory factors involved in transport, Incompletely characterized transport systems ABC (ATP ... transporters belong to class (primary active transporters), subclass A (diphosphate bond hydrolysis-driven transporters) and family (ABC superfamily) [1] Primary active transporters use a primary...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... trauma may result in the appearance of a region of very low or zero shear stress, where hyperviscosity and increased rouleaux formation are likely to appear Large quantities of rouleaux may be transported ... An increased erythrocyte concentration results in an increase of viscosity of the mixture, and an increase in shear stress results in a decrease of viscosity of the mixture The quantity of rouleaux ... shear stress (the higher the shear stress, the fewer rouleaux in the blood) and erythrocyte concentration (the more erythrocytes, the more rouleaux are formed) With an increase in shear stress,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 22:22

... white arrow showed the normal pancreas The boundary was clear Under light microscope, the following characteristics of necrotic regions in the pancreas of Group A and B were present: karyopycnosis ... in the necrotic regions The pancreatic cells were amorphous, irregular, and bulky A narrow region with inflammatory cell infiltration, consisting primarily of lymphocytes and monocytes sometimes ... for the care and use of laboratory animals from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China Instruments HIFU ablation was performed with a HIFU tumor therapy system...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:18

... TLR4 fragment After pEGFPC1 vector was linearized by SacⅠ and SalⅠ, the fragment of TLR4 was inserted to construct the reporter vector, pEGFPC1-TLR4 The reporter vector was verified by RT-PCR ... intensity of fluorescence, which was directly proportional to the PCR products Western blotting Nuclear extracts were prepared from lumbar spinal cord (L4-L5) tissues as previously described (26) Proteins ... was administered intrathecally once daily for days, starting from day before CCI surgery Evaluation of tactile allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia The paw withdrawal latency (PWL) to radiant heat...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:48

... Figure 2.2 A brand versus a product BRAND Organizational Associations Country of Origin User Imagery Brand Personality PRODUCT Scope Attributes Quality Uses SelfExpressive Benefits Symbols Brand- Customer ... (hereinafter referred to as CBBE) There have been also debates on the importance of brand equity for products and services Some researchers argue that branding (and thereby brand equity) is more important ... data, source of the data, the purpose of research or the frequency of study 27 Based on the purpose of research, researchers often use one of the following three types Exploratory study: This...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2012, 15:52

... behavior increases in the order Myr2Gro-PEtn < Myr2Gro-PCho < Myr2Gro-PGro Moreover, the magnitude of the decrease in temperature, enthalpy and cooperativity of the main phase transition of the three ... endotherm centered at a slightly higher temperature In contrast, the addition of GS to Myr2Gro-PGro bilayer produces a considerably larger decrease in the temperature, enthalpy and cooperativity of ... (Myr2Gro-PCho), dimyristoylglycerophosphoethanolamine (Myr2Gro-PEtn) and dimyristoylglycerophosphoglycerol (Myr2Gro-PGro) by DSC, in order to determine their effects on phospholipid bilayer organization...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... homology model structure of PAL Comparison of the schematic representation of (A) tetrameric and (B) monomeric structures of HAL (left) and PAL (right) Catalytically important residues are shown ... to measure the turnover numbers (kcat) with the relative molecular mass of 311.313 for the tetrameric PAL Determination of protein concentration was carried out according to Warburg & Christian ... electrophilic attack at the phenyl ring by the prosthetic group [52] The new mechanism was supported by the easy reaction of alternative substrates, especially 3-hydroxyphenylalanine (m-tyrosine),...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 23:20

... partner the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 95, 2844±2849 21 Abnet, C.C., Tanguay, R. L., Hahn, M.E & W.Peterson, R. E (1999) Two forms of aryl hydrocarbon receptor ... PYP and HERG is derived from the PDB entries Colouring scheme for residues: red: acidic; blue: basic; purple: polar; yellow: Cys; brown: aromatic; green: hydrophobic; orange: Ser,Thr; grey: Pro; ... alignment recently proposed [8], as it was produced manually taking into account the predicted secondary structure of AhR LBD, the observed secondary structure and FSSP structural alignment for FixL,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 00:21

... certainly true For all scales the items that are worded negatively are assigned scores of for certainly true, for somewhat true, and for not true The version for youths was used in the present study ... Nunnally JC, Bernstein IR: Psychometric theory New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Book Company; 1994 Publish with Bio Med Central and every scientist can read your work free of charge "BioMed Central will ... after providing written informed consent Inclusion criteria were adequate reading skills Previous research on the representativeness of the present sample has reported that non-responder interviews...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:21

... 32:201-209 Robinson CP, Yamachika S, Bounous DI, Brayer J, Jonsson R, Holmdahl R, Peck AB, Humphreys-Beher MG: A novel NODderived murine model of primary Sjögren’s syndrome Arthritis Rheum 1998, 41:150-156 ... Nagashima H, Brown VB, Peck AB, Humphreys-Beher MG: Two NOD Idd-associated intervals contribute synergistically to the development of autoimmune exocrinopathy (Sjögren’s syndrome) on a healthy murine ... transfer induced arthritis 1); Mbis1 (mycobacterium-induced systemic lupus erythematosus 1) This might suggest shared disease pathways in different models for autoimmune diseases controlled by...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... arthritis patients Mrs Sattonet-Roche is an employee of Serono Dr Plater-Zyberk is a former employee of Serono Dr van Holten has received a research grant from the Serono Pharmaceutical Research ... and were repeated twice to ensure reproducibility Evaluation of arthritis activity Mice were inspected daily for signs of arthritis by an independent observer who was not aware of the treatment ... Institute References 10 11 12 13 14 15 R2 48 van Holten J, Plater-Zyberk C, Tak PP: Interferon-beta for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis? Arthritis Res 2002, 4:346-352 Stark GR, Kerr IM, Williams BR,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... were fixed with cytoperm/cytofix (Pharmingen) for 20 and probed for intracellular cytokines using phycoerythrin-labelled anti-IL-10 antibody, anti-IFN-γ antibody, or isotype control antibody ... collageninduced arthritis (CIA) mice at weeks after primary immunization Cells were first gated for CD4+ proportions, and subsequently analyzed for surface expression of CD25+ and for the presence of intracellular ... every days for weeks All experimental procedures were examined and approved by the Animal Research Ethics Committee at The Catholic University of Korea Induction of CIA and evaluation of arthritis...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... specificity confirmed by BLAST searches Cycle optimization was performed for each primer set before PCR, and for all reported experiments amplification levels were compared in the linear range of the ... and primer source CTCG, connective tissue growth factor; GAPDH, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; TGF, transforming growth factor stirring for 48 hours before dialysis of the extract ... proteins Accelerated proteolysis of aggrecan and type II collagen overwhelms the increase in expression of these major structural proteins Furthermore, there is a shift in chondrocyte phenotype,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:23

... 36 Corr M, Crain B: The role of Fc R signaling in the K/B x N serum transfer model of arthritis J Immunol 2002, 169:66046609 37 Van den Berg WB: Lessons from animal models of arthritis Curr Rheumatol ... with recognition by antibodies that are arthritogenic in collagen-induced arthritis in the mouse Arthritis Rheum 2002, 46:2339-2348 Kyburz D, Corr M: The KRN mouse model of inflammatory arthritis ... subserving primarily immunoregulatory functions Studies on relative contributions of either complement or FcγRs in the inflammatory response, especially in Arthus reaction mice models, have resulted...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:23

... receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand manufacturer Briefly, reactions were performed in 20 µl with 20 ng RNA, 10 µl 2× SYBR Green PCR Master ... pattern of expression of the RANK/RANKL/OPG system in joints from mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) arthritis (CIA) (a) Expression of mRNA for receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANK), ... manufacturer's directions Optical density was read at 450 nm with a reference filter set R1 036 Arthritis Research & Therapy Vol No Juarranz et al to 540 nm The intra-assay variability was

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:23