wrky18 wrky40 and wrky60 in crosstalk between abiotic and biotic responses

... those of the wrky18 mutant (Figure 1, and 3) Roles of WRKY18, WRKY40 and WRKY60 in crosstalk between abiotic and biotic responses We have previously shown that single wrky18, wrky40 and wrky60 mutants ... W40 WRKY60 W60 W60 ABA-regulated responses Figure 10 Proposed model for involvement of WRKY18, WRKY40 and WRKY60 in ABA responses ABA induction of WRKY18 and WRKY40 leads to increase in WRKY18 and ... ABA treatment, WRKY18 and WRKY40 are first induced and cooperative binding of induced WRKY18 and WRKY40 or binding of a WRKY18/ WRKY40 heterocomplex to the cluster of W boxes in the WRKY60 promoter...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... reports have indicated that MVP is tyrosine phosphorylated in vivo in CHO and PC12 cells and phosphorylated by PKC and casein kinase II in vitro using specific kinase agonist and inhibitors [31,32] ... binding of MVP with Src MVP is known as a phosphoprotein as it is tyrosine phosphorylated in vivo and phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) and casein kinase II (CKII) in vitro [28,29] To investigate ... activity Domains within Src kinases target the enzyme to specific subcellular locations where they bind to regulatory and ⁄ or substrate proteins and are integrated into cell signalling pathways and cell...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... proapoptotic proteins are divided into two distinct groups: the multidomain proteins, containing three BH domains (Bax, Bak and Bok); and the BH3-only proteins (Bad, Bid, Bim, Bmf, Bik, Hrk, Noxa and Puma) ... protein, and was the first human protein shown to be indispensable for autophagy [44] The interaction between Beclin and its binding partners regulates the initial steps of autophagy Beclin also ... hVps34–Beclin interaction, suggesting that Bcl-2 ⁄ Bcl-xL inhibit autophagy by sequestering Beclin away from hVps34 [4] Beclin forms a dimer in solution via its coiled-coil domain both in vivo and in...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... fn corresponding to n intrinsic responses X1, , Xn The intrinsic specificity of pathway k, Si(k), i.e., a measure of how extrinsic signals in uences the intrinsic signals when acting in parallel, ... the combined signal is between the intrinsic and the extrinsic signal, which results in Si < SK < means that the intrinsic output is activated faster than its extrinsic output In Table the crosstalk ... than intrinsic activation X ðeÞ Se ¼ X ði;eÞ 1 No crosstalk Crossactivation, intrinsic signal amplifies extrinsic signal, low specificity to extrinsic signal Crossinhibition, intrinsic signal inhibits...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... while analyzing and/ or interpreting a text He points out that the really pressing question here is "which kinds of situational factor determined which kinds of selection in the linguistic system?" ... combined into the larger ones However, linguists have trended to research on discourse analysis In the area of discourse analysis study, language has been investigated in both form and meaning in ... Variation in language according to the use to which it is put in various professional and social settings, e.g scientific discourse, legal discourse And refers to the institutional setting in which...

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2013, 18:26

... takes place only in the presence of UTP [1] Levitzki and Koshland originally suggested a mechanism as shown in Scheme 1B [9] This mechanism involves another intermediate, a carbinol amine, formed ... glutamine hydrolysis or CTP synthesis under the experimental conditions as outlined above, was determined by recording the complete hydrolysis of between 0.05 and 0.15 lmol of glutamine injected into ... containing between 1.7 and 17 lM CTP synthase and integrating the entire heat evolvement over time For the measurement of DH for CTP synthesis the enzyme was incubated with ATP, UTP, GTP and MgCl2...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... predominantly composed of lysine, alanine and proline residues and is the main determinant for H1 binding to chromatin [7] Among the five histone families of the chromatosome, the linker histone H1 is ... protein and constructs NTD, N-terminal domain; GD, globular domain; CTD, C-terminal domain; ∆CT, H1.4 construct completely lacking the C-terminus (C) Recombinant HIStagged H1.4 full-length (FL) and ... target proteins, indicating that incorporation into the nucleosome structure and DNA binding prevents methylation This could be explained by DNA-induced conformational changes of the H1 CTD and by...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... declining consumption between paydays Shapiro (2005) finds a decline in the caloric intake of food stamp recipients between food stamp payments, and Stephens (2003) finds a pattern of declining ... difficult to explain the decline Also, incorporating uncertainty about future consumption would increase the difficulty of explaining the decline with exponential discounting, in the standard isoelastic ... Expenditures in the data are reported in pounds sterling We adjust expenditures and pay amounts for inflation using the Retail Price Index for Britain, with 2000 as the base year 3.2 Baseline Results and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20

... of HCV vaccine in pigs with an IAMC modulators was summarized in Table There was a significant decrease in proportions of subpopulation expressing MHC-class II in T-1 and T-2 pigs at and 8weeks ... during the experimental period Those expressing CD4+ showed a significant decrease in T-1 versus control at 5-weeks PA (p

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:23

... for water-logging was deoxygenated by bubbling with N2 , in order to maintain the O2 concentration below mg L−1 O2 was measured in the free water and in piezometric tubes installed in the middle ... and fine roots were immediately frozen in liquid N2 In order to minimize the effects of potential diurnal variations in the recorded parameters, seedlings were randomly sampled between 14:00 and ... content, and shoot dieback In the two species, main stem and total root biomass growth stopped within the first week after water-logging while both root and shoot growth remained very active in controls...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... analogy between BoLA and the other MHC In the light of our findings and the already described associations between HLA and diseases in man (D 1976), or between SLA and performance traits in swine ... linkage has been reported in swine between the SLA complex and the J and C blood group loci (H al , 1976) Linkages between MHC and blood RUBAN et groups are known in rabbits (T & C 1974) and in ... family (a Normand bull : VALMIN) in which the factor was segregating (L & G 1980) the linkage between BoLA and iEL , EVEZ UERIN the M system had to be confirmed in other families in which the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:23

... laying hens in 1991 became mandatory in 1994 and thereby increased the Acta vet scand vol 44 no 3-4, 2003 188 S Boqvist et al S Agona S Anatum S California S Dublin S Enteritidis S Idikan S Indiana ... programme in food producing animals and the testing in the feed production according to the HACCP principles The final aim is to keep the whole chain of food production free from Salmonella contamination ... streptomycin, sulphonamides and tetracycline Salmonella isolated from swine In swine, 18 isolates were reported representing serotypes (Tables 4-8) The number of iso- Salmonella isolated from animals and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:20

... therefore examined all the CHPs licensed by the Committee on Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy (CCMP) between 1997 and 2003, including single herbs and herbal formulae, to determine whether they include ... the use of Chinese medicine in inpatient services, we only studied the use of Chinese medicine in outpatient services Using the data of 2004, we also studied whether Chinese medicine practitioners ... were collected and analyzed The database contains all transactions of health care services for the cohort, including both Western medicine and Chinese medicine, with the dates and some details...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 15:21

... after applying Bonferroni correction for multiple tests (Table 2) These predictors included: Tandem, TSS, and interaction terms between Structure and Tandem, between TSS and Tandem, and between ... ratio, and tandem versus non-tandem duplicate gene organization played an important role in determining divergence in duplicate gene expression It is worth noting that all three novel predictors introduced ... diagnose multicollinearity All predictors and their interaction terms included in the final model had variance inflation factors below (data not shown), suggesting that multicollinearity was not...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... experiencing worldwide declines via escalating threats from anthropogenic in uences including direct and indirect effects of chemical pollutants (i.e., nutrient enrichment, contamination) and increasing ... of Paul Gerdes and Jill Dowdy for their participation in sampling efforts, as well as Jennifer Whiting and Dave Wilcox in assisting in data review and GIS aspects of sampling Funding was provided ... effects for the remaining terms in the model Values in bold italics indicate significance at α = 0.05 and blank cells indicate that there were no individuals collected during 1997 and therefore only...

Ngày tải lên: 04/09/2015, 12:54

... of collectin and ficolins Both of them contain the collagen-like domain and carbohydrate recognition domain (C-type lectin domains for collectin and fibrinogen-like domain for ficolin) Adapted ... under infection-inflammation condition, the relocation of CRP binding site to the conserved pathogen sugar-ligand binding pocket and a simultaneous 100-fold increase in the affinity of M-ficolin:CRP ... Ampicillin BCR B-cell receptor BD Binding Domain BGH Bovine Growth Hormone BPI Bactericidal permeability-increasing protein BSA CFU Bovine serum albumin fraction V Colony-forming unit CL5 Carcinolectin-5...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:57

... L-/M- ficolins This might explain the lack of bindings between CRP and H-ficolin The dramatic difference between H-ficolin and L-, M-ficolin proteins and the completely different in vivo locations ... the findings in this thesis, there are several interesting directions for future work in the areas of CRP and ficolin crosstalk To gain a wider understanding of the intricacy of CRP:FBG interaction ... binding CRP This avid molecular crosstalk between M-ficolin and CRP diverts the M-ficolin from pathogen recognition, and restores homeostasis Our elucidation of the binding interface and the infection-inflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:57

... population was divided into three groups, they were determinate, indeterminate and semi-indeterminate There was diversity among these groups for plant height and number of nodes in main stem All of six ... were determinate, indeterminate and semideterminate (account for 16.67%) 3.3 Heritability of agronomic characters Days to first flowering, plant height at (R8), and number of nodes in main stem ... analyze the inheritance mode of the several agronomic characters and six loci SSR in the early segregating generation from the cross between wild soybean and cultivated soybean Materials and methods...

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2015, 13:05

Ngày tải lên: 05/04/2016, 18:58

... capacities, success and failures in performance of institutions, explaining possibilities and constraints for institutional capacity building and performance, and identifying and contrasting lessons ... identify and assess the design and action of flood risk reduction institutions Tools used include outlining possible gaps between design and action of institutions and explaining success and failures ... well as for coordination and taking into account their multiple interests within decision-making, and setting up frameworks for solving possible conflicts between them should be in a focus of future...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2013, 10:15