water wastewater infrastructure security threats and vulnerabilities

... of water supply and wastewater system security and the ability to respond to threats and disasters • Characteristics of the water supply and wastewater systems in the United States • Chemical and ... by drinking water and wastewater managers and operators for dealing with homeland security and general emergency response 1.8.1 Current State of Water Supply and Wastewater Systems Security: An ... Shen and Edward McBean 419 Water/ Wastewater Infrastructure Security: A Multilayered Security Approach Laurie J Van Leuven 435 Vulnerability of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:46

... pipes are circumferential and other 30% are longitudinal, holes and leaks through service connections and hydrants [5] Consequently, as the most failures are circumferential and that type of burst ... Kvisc and Kelas are decay coefficients for the plastic and elastic effects, respectively For the description of fluid and pipe material non-elastic behavior simpler decay coefficients (KH and KQ) ... cross-section; ∆H and ∆Q = head and discharge variation, respectively 3.3 Model application and comparisons In the developed MOC it was considering the variation proposed by equations (10) and (11) Table...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... of a solid neutral strand (Ohms/mile) = number of concentric neutral strands The geometric mean radii of the phase conductor and a neutral strand are obtained from a standard table of conductor ... per-unit real power and reactive power as a function of per-unit incremental voltage and/ or incremental temperature and/ or perunit incremental torque The incremental form used and the corresponding ... which the exponents α and β and the power factor (pf) relate directly to Eqs (6.3) and (6.5) The first six parameters relate to general load models, some of which include motors, and the remaining...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 16:20

... Web-Based Security Research and Training Resources 33 General IS Audit Information 33 IT and IT Security Training and Information 34 Data Extraction and Analysis ... Security Audit Objectives and Related Activities (Current and Future) 31 iv I Introduction and Background Purpose of the guide Background Information systems security auditing Information security ... environment, security vulnerabilities, skills, automated tools, and costs Organizations must also plan how to choose what IS security audit projects should be done: both stand-alone IS security audit...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... AND SECURITY PROTOCOLS This section presents certain pitfalls of current e-commerce strategies and standards, in terms of security, customer satisfaction, authentication and technological standards ... Kazuo Ohta, Akira Takura, and Kiyoshi Shirayanagi for their helpful comments and encouragement 12 ADVANCES IN NETWORK AND DISTR SYSTEMS SECURITY References Anderson, R and Needham, R (1995) Programming ... are presented in (Anderson and Needham, 1995; Clark and Jacob, 1997) Formal methods can be used to analyze security protocols With the methods, protocols are specified and their security properties...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 11:06

... Chapters and Access Control Systems and Methodology Chapters and Telecommunications and Network Security Chapters and Security Management Practices Chapters and Applications and Systems Development Security ... and Assurance Understanding System Security Evaluation Rainbow Series ITSEC Classes and Required Assurance and Functionality Common Criteria Certification and Accreditation Common Flaws and Security ... Policies, and Roles Employment Policies and Practices Security Management for Employees Security Roles Security Management Planning Policies, Standards, Baselines, Guidelines, and Procedures Security...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 11:09

... follows: Chapters and Access Control Chapters and Telecommunications and Network Security Chapters and Information Security and Risk Management Chapters and Application Security Chapters and 10 Cryptography ... Telecommunications and Network Security Information Security and Risk Management Application Security Cryptography Security Architecture and Design Operations Security Business Continuity and Disaster ... Policies, and Roles Employment Policies and Practices Security Management for Employees Security Roles Security Management Planning Policies, Standards, Baselines, Guidelines, and Procedures Security...

Ngày tải lên: 25/03/2014, 11:10

... Communications Security Establishment, An Introduction to the Internet and Internet Security Ottawa, Canada, September 1995 15 2.0 Security 2.1 Security Policy 2.1.0 What is a Security Policy and Why ... 2.2.4.3 PHYSICAL AND INFRASTRUCTURE The loss of supporting infrastructure includes power failures (including outages, spikes and brownouts), loss of communications, water outages and leaks, sewer ... "standard" protocols and applications that have been developed to support these protocols Protocols provide a standard method for passing messages They define the message formats and how to handle...

Ngày tải lên: 21/04/2014, 14:23

... Berry, and Diana S Aga PART III Treatment of Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water and Wastewater Chapter 10 Drugs in Drinking Water: Treatment Options 217 Howard S Weinberg, Vanessa J Pereira, and ... Environment and in Water Treatment Systems TABLE 1.2 Concentrations of Pharmaceuticals and Other Emerging Contaminants in Sludges and Biosolids, Sediments, Groundwater, and Drinking Water, Reported ... Biological Wastewater Treatment Plants”; and Chapter 16— “Chemical Processes during Wastewater Treatment.” Although treatment may eliminate many chemicals in the liquid effluent discharged from wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... wastewater effluent, 72 and 105% for surface water impacted by wastewater, 96 and 113% for surface water, and 91 and 116% for drinking water The method detection limits were between 0.25 and ng/L A study23 ... Environment and in Water Treatment Systems 7), and eluting solvents were used for the determination of the target compounds Recoveries varied between 75 and 125% in both tap water and surface water, and ... from spiked surface water samples, with values between 64 and 105%, and groundwater and wastewater effluents with, in general, slightly lower values ranging from 67 to 104% and 52 to 105%, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 16 FIGURE 3.2 UV chromatograms of a standard 1.0% humic acids after cleanup with (a) tC18 SPE, (b) HLB SPE, (c) tandem SAX and HLB SPE, and (d) tandem SAX and tC18 SPE (a) (b) (c) FIGURE 3.3 A ... M.E., Meyer, M., and Thurman, E.M., 2001 Analysis of trace levels of sulfonamide and tetracycline antimicrobials in groundwater and surface water using solidphase extraction and liquid chromatography/mass ... and plant macromolecules with phenolic and aliphatic structures but is still not completely characterized.5 It also has microorganisms and exocellular material and residues originating from wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... calculation: PECsurfacewater = Dosewater x Fpen Wastew inhab x Dilution where: PECsurfacewater Wastewinhab Dilution DOSEai Fpen Local surface water concentration Amount of wastewater per inhabitant ... Gd–DTPA2– and Gd(HP-DO3A) produced no lethality up to 200 g/L, and Gd(CPA-DO3A)– produced lethality of 17% and 31% at 24-hour exposures of 100 g/L and 200 g/L.34 The toxicity of metals and their ... International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Names, Molecular Weight, and Water Solubility of the Tested Compounds IUPAC Names, Molecular Weight, and Water Solubility Structure Compound:...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Environment and in Water Treatment Systems reviews our understanding of the inputs of livestock medicines to the environment and synthesizes the available information on the fate and transport ... medicines in soil and the potential for a medicine to be transported to groundwaters and surface waters.13,56 These models incorporate many of the fate processes described above and will typically ... (fattening pigs, sows), and poultry (hens, broilers, and turkeys) The outputs from the model include concentrations of the veterinary drug in soil, groundwater, surface waters, and biota VetCalc estimates...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... manner, municipal wastewater treatment plants generate pharmaceutical-laden biosolids and wastewater effluents, which are disposed by land application and used to meet irrigation demands in arid regions ... HORMONES 6.4.1 SORPTION BY SOIL AND SEDIMENT The occurrence of natural and synthetic estrogens and androgens in surface waters has sparked interest by the research community and the general public because ... their glucuronides is surface water and waste water in the Netherlands, Sci Total Environ., 225, 101, 1999 64 Ying, G.-G., Kookana, R.S., and Ru, Y.-J., Occurrence and fate of hormone steroids...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Protection Agency 2003 Bacterial water quality standards for recreational waters (freshwater and marine waters) status report EPA-823-R-03-008 http:// www.epa.gov/waterscience/beaches/local/statrept.pdf ... States, and the concurrent application of manure to land Agricultural lands typically contain subsurface tile drain networks, which may drain directly into streams and other surface water bodies ... rested firmly on the sand Soil columns were allowed to drain, and those with drainage times of 24 to 48 h were chosen for the experiment and were randomly divided among treatment and control groups...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... Environment and in Water Treatment Systems 8.1 INTRODUCTION Plants take their nutrients from the air and air moisture (fog, dew, and rainfall), and are able to take up dissolved compounds from soil water ... pharmaceuticals during wastewater treatment is discussed in Part III of this book Wastewater in urbanized regions is usually transported via subterranean sewer systems to wastewater treatment plants ... data on their properties and behavior exist The chemical structures of these compounds are show in Figure 8.2 pKa values are 2.4 and 7.4 and 1.8 and 6.0 for sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxazole,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... 2, and days after plants were treated with CTC (A) Maize control (MCR) and CTC-treated (MTR) plants (B) Pinto bean control (PCR) and CTC-treated (PTR) plants Values represent the mean and standard ... Fate of Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and in Water Treatment Systems protein and nucleic acid synthesis, including modulation of enzyme activity and adaptation to environmental stress.28 ... clay, sand, organic matter, and mineral content, all of which play an important role in antibiotic sorption For instance, sulfonamide antibiotics adsorb more strongly to clay than to sand, and in...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... resist wastewater treatment and that were found in drinking water, such as clofibric acid, iopromide, carbamazepine, diclofenac, and ibuprofen 10.3 DRINKING WATER TREATMENT A conventional surface water ... Surface Water (µg/L) 10 1.2 2.7 0.12 Groundwater (µg/L) (7) (6) Drinking Water (µg/L) Drugs in Drinking Water TABLE 10.1 Pharmaceuticals Sold in Germany, Wastewater Removal Efficiency in Germany, and ... Cho, J., Kim, I.S., Vanderford, B.J., and Snyder, S.A Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in South Korean surface, drinking, and waste waters, Water Res 2007, 41(5),...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... contaminants from wastewater, the impact of wastewater discharge on surface water or groundwater drinking water supplies, and the removal efficiency of the remaining contaminants by conventional and advanced ... drinking waters Estrone was detected in two raw water samples at 1.0 and 1.4 ng/L and in two finished waters at 1.1 and 2.3 ng/L These values are near the MRL of 1.0 ng/L Progesterone and androstenedione ... peer-reviewed journals and government reports were considered Pharmaceuticals have been identified in surface waters, groundwaters, and wastewaters in the United States, Europe, Asia, and other continents...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20