w savitch absolute c fourth edition

... written and was scheduled for release in just a few short weeks.What Apple announced there with respect to Objective -C was a game-changer for new, would-be Objective -C programmers Prior to Xcode ... mistake in this could and did easily cause applications to crash.Well, at WWDC 2011 Apple introduced a new version of the Objective -C compiler that contained a feature called ARC, which is short ... the location and name of the project folder 11 12 Chapter Programming in Objective -C Click the Create button to create your new project Xcode will open a project window such as the one shown in...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 12:20

... statement can be written on two lines, as follows: cin >> dragons >> trolls; Notice that, as with the cout statement, there is just one semicolon for each occurrence of cin When a program reaches a cin ... meaning as the character appearing by itself Such a sequence is called an escape sequence The sequence is typed in as two characters with no space between the symbols Several escape sequences are defined ... authorities would call a “pure OOP language.” C+ + tempers its OOP features with concerns for efficiency and what some might call “practicality.” This combination has made C+ + currently the most widely...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:14

... book was composed in Adobe FrameMaker Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Savitch, Walter J., 194 3Absolute C+ + / Walter Savitch 3rd ed p cm Includes bibliographical references ... any computer with Internet access Instructors can track each student’s progress and review submitted programming projects A complimentary subscription is offered when an access code is bundled with ... Your Own Exception Classes 816 Multiple Throws and Catches 816 Pitfall: Catch the More Speci c Exception First 820 Tip: Exception Classes Can Be Trivial 821 Throwing an Exception in a Function...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 14:14

... added to C to create C+ + concern classes, objects, and object-oriented programming (C+ + was originally called C with classes.”) However, C+ + has many other new features as well, including an ... Objects, which exist in the computer’s memory, each embody the exact characteristics of their class, which serves as a template Derived classes inherit some characteristics from their base class, ... console-mode programs, which run in a character-mode window within the compiler environment, or directly within an MS-DOS box This avoids the complexity of full-scale graphics-oriented Windows...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... the class diagram shows two public member functions and one protected member function A class diagram need not give a complete description of the class When you not need all the members in a class ... time, which would be the worst-case O(N ) running time because the algorithm would always divide an array segment into very unequal pieces, one piece with only one element and one piece with the ... learning more, consult the references listed at the end of this book Self-Test Exercises Draw a class diagram for a class whose objects represent circles Use Display 20.6 as a model Draw a class diagram...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... authorities would call a “pure OOP language.” C+ + tempers its OOP features with concerns for efficiency and what some might call “practicality.” This combination has made C+ + currently the most widely ... allocate his or her own memory and handle his or her own garbage collection Most compilers will allow you to C- style memory management in C+ +, since C is essentially a subset of C+ + However, C+ + ... templates allow you to code using parameters for types The newest C+ + standard, and most C+ + compilers, allow multiple namespaces to accommodate more reuse of class and function names The exception...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... meaning as the character appearing by itself Such a sequence is called an escape sequence The sequence is typed in as two characters with no space between the symbols Several escape sequences are defined ... is allowed They must be spelled with all lowercase letters quotes C- string s ESCAPE SEQUENCES A backslash, \ , preceding a character tells the compiler that the sequence following the backslash ... double in C+ + The type that corresponds to single precision in C+ + was called float C+ + also has a third type for numbers with a fractional part, which is called long double Constants of type char...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... a landscape architect who charges $5,000 per mile to landscape a highway, and suppose you know the length of the highway you are working on in feet The price you charge can easily be calculated ... string is \n, with no space between the two symbols in \n Although it is typed as two symbols, C+ + considers \n to be a single character that is called the newline character If you wish to insert ... situations The const_cast is used to cast away constantness The dynamic_cast is used for safe downcasting from one type to a descendent type in an inheritance hierarchy The reinterpret_cast is an...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... statement can be written on two lines, as follows: cin >> dragons >> trolls; Notice that, as with the cout statement, there is just one semicolon for each occurrence of cin When a program reaches a cin ... /**/-style comments for temporarily commenting out code while debugging It is difficult to say just how many comments a program should contain The only correct answer is “just enough,” which of course conveys ... novice programmer It will take some experience to get a feel for when it is best to include a comment when to comment 01_CH01.fm Page 36 Wednesday, August 20, 2003 2:21 PM 36 C+ + Basics Whenever...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... you want to get to,” said the Cat Lewis Carroll, Alice in Wonderland INTRODUCTION As in most programming languages, C+ + handles flow of control with branching and looping statements C+ + branching ... Highest precedence (done first) Lower precedence (done later) precedence rules 50 Flow of Control Display 2.3 Precedence of Operators (part of 2) All operators in part are of lower precedence than those ... that will then output the worker’s gross pay, each withholding amount, and the net take-home pay for the week For additional online Programming Projects, click the CodeMate icons below 1.7 Flow...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... statements, which are illustrated below: if (myScore { cout

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... Default_Statement_Sequence } EXAMPLE int vehicleClass; double toll; cout > vehicleClass; switch (vehicleClass) { case 1: cout countDown; 10 11 12 while (countDown > 0) { cout...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... an atypical way) Self-Test Exercises 27 What is the output of the following (when embedded in a complete program)? for (int count = 1; count < 5; count++) cout

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... switch statement A switch statement is a multiway branching statement You can also form multiway branching statements by nesting if-else statements to form a multiway if-else statement A switch ... 24 10 25 -42 26 With a do-while statement, the loop body is always executed at least once With a while statement, there can be conditions under which the loop body is not executed at all 27 28 ... Programming Projects, click the CodeMate icons below 2.3 1.7 2.5 2.6 2.7 It is difficult to make a budget that spans several years, because prices are not stable If your company needs 200 pencils per...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... particular program has two include directives It does not matter in what order you give these two include directives include directives were discussed in Chapter Definitions for predefined functions ... another; you will have to check your manual or a local expert to see exactly what is necessary A few predefined functions are described in Display 3.2 More predefined functions are described in Appendix ... predefined function is pow, which is in the library with header file cmath The function pow can be used to exponentiation in C+ + For example, if you want to set a variable result equal to xy, you can use...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... inconsistency.) s FUNCTIONS CALLING FUNCTIONS A function body may contain a call to another function The situation for these sorts of function calls is the same as if the function call had occurred ... the specified price The function is called in the same way a predefined function is called The definition of the function, which the programmer must write, is a bit more complicated The description ... only two differences between a function definition for a void function and for a function that returns a value One difference is that we use the keyword void where we would normally specify the...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... your code Only the system should call main, which it does when you run your program 116 Function Basics s RECURSIVE FUNCTIONS C+ + does allow you to define recursive functions Recursive functions ... The postcondition describes the effect of the function call; that is, the postcondition tells postwhat will be true after the function is executed in a situation in which the precondition condition ... are covered in Chapter 13 If you not know what recursive functions are, there is no need to be concerned until you reach that chapter If you want to read about recursive functions early, you can...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... usually called a block Actually, block and compound statement are two terms for the same thing However, when we focus on variables declared within a compound statement, we normally use the term block ... definition (which is a block) BLOCKS A block is some C+ + code enclosed in braces The variables declared in a block are local to the block, and so the variable names can be used outside the block for ... produce an error message when run, will it give the correct output (assuming everything else is correct)? 22 What is the purpose of the comment that accompanies a function declaration? 23 What...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21

... because foot and inches is the same as 14 inches Will the following function perform correctly? If not, why not? double totalInches(int feet, int inches) { inches = 12*feet + inches; return inches; ... function call After that, the following function call reverses the values in the two variables firstNum and secondNum: swapValues(firstNum, secondNum); The next few subsections describe the call-by-reference ... DIALOGUE Welcome to the law office of Dewey, Cheatham, and Howe The law office with a heart Enter the hours and minutes of your consultation: 46 For hours and 46 minutes, your bill is $3450.00 Call-by-value...

Ngày tải lên: 04/07/2014, 05:21