viral infections of the respiratory tract

... This would prevent the colonisation of the nasopharynx and subsequently limit the spread of pneumococci from the upper to the lower respiratory tract by enhancing clearance via the mucocilliary ... mice cleared bacteria from their blood by 48 hrs post infection and that the numbers of pneumococci in the blood of both strains of mice reflected their levels in the lung These results strongly ... expression of surfactant proteins D and A in the respiratory tract of the mouse Pediatr Res 1996, 39:930-937 Reading PC, Morey LS, Crouch EC, et al.: Collectin-mediated antiviral host defense of the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2016, 13:26

... indicated as the next step Nevertheless BAL would be necessary to detect any infections of the lower respiratory tract that may cause further deterioration in lung function Background Methods There ... from the onset of the first clinical event that was a clear manifestation of SSc (other than Raynaud's phenomenon) to the time of data collection All patients fulfilled the criteria proposed by the ... were the components of the logistic regression model for alveolitis The cut-off values of the dependent variables considered in the analysis were based on ROC curves and are reported in table The...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:22

... one-third of cases in the present study recovery of Aspergillus spp in respiratory secretions, in the absence of signs of pneumonia, was considered to represent colonization However, three of these ... variance or the Kruskal–Wallis test was used in the comparison of three groups The χ2 test or the Fisher's exact test was used in the comparison of categorical variables A comparison of risk factors ... week The initial samples were obtained days after admission to the ICU and once a week thereafter Other samples of peripheral blood or from other infectious foci were obtained at the discretion of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 22:21

... meta-analysis of comparative trials studying the effect of the administration of antibiotics via the respiratory tract on the colonization of the respiratory tract by bacteria and development of ICU-acquired ... for the local administration of antibiotics for the prevention of development of colonization and infection of the respiratory tract Specifically, prevention of colonization of the respiratory tract ... meta-analysis Data extraction The data extracted from the articles for further analysis were the study population, the dosage and the duration of the administered drugs, the number of clinically evaluable...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 03:20

... Guidelines for the Management of Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI) and Hospital Acquired Pneumonia in Adults These guidelines are intended for the antibiotic treatment of LRTI in immunocompetent ... adults (available on the antibiotic website http://nuhweb/antibiotics) The choice of antibiotic is determined by the severity of pneumonia (see criteria page 4), the likelihood that the pneumonia is ... available, unless the patient: • Is ≥ 65 years of age • Has renal impairment • Has poor urine output In these patients wait for the result of the trough level and only give further doses if level...

Ngày tải lên: 12/04/2016, 19:36

... elastic recoil of the lung (Fig 2) [9] The kyphotic curvature of the spine and the anteroposterior diameter of the chest increase with aging, thereby decreasing the curvature of the diaphragm ... on the tension-time index [33] The tension-time index describes the relationship between force of contraction (Pdi/Pdimax) and duration of contraction (ratio of inspiratory time to total respiratory ... static lung volumes are the elastic recoil of the chest wall and that of the lung parenchyma Loss of elastic recoil of the lung parenchyma and, to a lesser degree, decrease in respiratory muscle performance...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... Introduction The disease of respiratory system is one of the most frequent reasons for hospitalization of infants and children Basic knowledge of the development and functions of respiratory system ... characteristics The principal antibody in respiratory tract → S-IgA S-IgA is produced by plasma cells in the submucosa of airway →can neutralize certain viruses and toxins, and help the lysis of bacteria The ... infection →develop obstruction The right bronchus →direct continuation of the trachea; The left bronchus spreads out from the lateral surface of trachea; So foreign body →often aspirated into right...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 09:20

... [17] The RCHOP regimen was chosen due to the patient's poor performance status at the time of diagnosis Our patient only received out of planned cycles of R-CHOP due to toxicity Other chemotherapy ... from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal Competing interests The ... and CD10 These immunomarkers are essential in distinguishing mantle cell from other types of lymphoma See table 1[14] Additionally, cytogenetic analysis of MCL shows rearrangement of the bcl-1...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:21

... photomicrographadenocarcinoma of the sinonaLow Power photomicrograph (×40) of this entity: low-grade non-intestinal tubulopapillary adenocarcinoma of the sinonasal tract with overlying surface squamous epithelium ... whether the tumour arose from the surface mucosal epithelium or from submucosal seromucinous glands [4] However, this separation was flawed in that the latter are direct invaginations of the ... too The high grade types in both groups of adenocarcinomas and the overall category of intestinal type are described to have a worse prognosis The importance of recognition and separation of this...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 07:21

... participated in the sampling EL contributed in the real-time RT-PCR, in the sampling and in the drafting of the manuscript ÅK participated in the planning of the experiments, drafting of the manuscript ... inflammation of the airway [23] Hence, the high expression of the PAR-2 receptor transcripts observed in the gills of Atlantic salmon could point to analogous functions in the respiratory organ of fishes ... gene versions of the PAR-2 receptor Both transcripts are highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and the gills In Atlantic salmon fed inclusion levels of SBM the expression of the two PAR-2...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:22

... variability of baseline values, there are very slight differences in Zrs at the end of the experiment between control and treated group Figure shows the time courses of Raw and of the estimates of the ... 1) As the highest frequency of the second OVW was higher than the overall frequency response of our system, we limited the second waveform to the first components During the application of the ... Contributed in the design of the study and revised the manuscript, GM Contributed in the design of the study, in writing the manuscript and coordinated the study All authors read and approved the final...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:21

... reduced the incidence of pneumonia [14–25] The reduction was independent of the choice of systemic antimicrobial agent, as well as the choice of topical antimicrobial agents, since the effect of SDD ... antibiotics in the oral cavity and the rest of the digestive tract, or with nonabsorbable antibiotics in the oral cavity alone We specifically chose to review the trials in which the whole regimen of SDD ... decontamination of the rest of the digestive tract by local administration (through a nasogastric tube) of the aforementioned antibiotics Another method is systemic prophylaxis (e.g cefotaxime) to prevent respiratory...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... effect of SDD on the awareness of health care workers is frequently put forward as one of the principles of the SDD concept, but has never been quantified Its contribution to the overall results therefore ... patient survival in the ICU and preferably in hospital should be the primary endpoint of such studies Also, the design of the study deserves further attention Randomization of multiple wards in ... many questions regarding the epidemiology of these bacteria remain unanswered to draw firm conclusions Also, in terms of development of resistance, the time frame of the study was probably much...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... failure is the most common cause of death in the ICU The majority of such patients also have severe ARF, and often ALI or ARDS The mortality rate in severe respiratory failure is therefore often caused ... was calculated using the mean value of the results on either side of the absent result When there was no obvious central nervous system dysfunction or cerebral pathology, the Glasgow Coma Scale ... Definition of acute respiratory failure The definition of ARF was based on the SOFA score criteria, in which a score of or is defined as ‘severe’ organ failure [8] According to those criteria, the diagnosis...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 19:22

... Impairment of the endocytic traffic in the oocyte disturbs ZAM viral particles transit to the oocyte The second step in the traffic of viral particles is to sort out of the cells where they assemble ... to the apical end of the follicle cells: In the first step of infection, the viral genomic material is directed toward the apical plasma membrane where particles are released from the cell The ... fs(2)A17 Viral particles of ZAM are restricted to the apical end of the follicle cells in a homozygous fs(2)A17 environment Figure Viral particles of ZAM are restricted to the apical end of the follicle...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... reported [39,40] The number of these file drawer studies exceeded the number of included studies in the analyses with positive results, reducing the unreliability of the validity of the outcomes ... non-absorbable drugs, these results corroborate the hypothesis that the gastrointestinal tract is the primary source of yeast causing infection Alterations in the host defence of critically ill patients ... but the direction of the difference was stable in favour of SDD These results show that the effectiveness of prophylaxis is reduced with an increased proportion of included surgical patients The...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... 20% Conclusion Viral infections in the ICU are common in the outpatient setting but become less common in the ICU However, a small number of viral infections can lower respiratory tract disease ... infiltrating the subepithelium of the respiratory tract In cases of severe avian subtypes, a hemophagocytic syndrome and severe diffuse alveolar damage occur, causing the clinical findings of severe ... spreads to the epithelium of the bronchioles From the bronchioles, the virus can then Like RSV and influenza, SARS-CoV has a lipoprotein envelope, but unlike the RSV and influenza, the virus is...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... compliance of the respiratory sysand static compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) conditions of the present study, but may not be warranted in the clinical setting It could be argued that the effects ... in the design of the study, and collected the data during the experiments BL and PG analysed the data and performed the statistical analysis VD participated in the design and the coordination of ... approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Liege The investigation conforms with guidelines on laboratory animals published by the US National Institutes of Health...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... coordination of the trial and helped to draft the manuscript PP participated in the coordination of the trial and in the statistical analysis and helped to draft the manuscript MJB conceived of the study, ... towards the end of the trial The median PRRM tended to increase during the conduct of the trial, and came close to the 13% relative risk reduction in 28-day mortality as determined in the trial ... 28.5) at the end of the study (P = 0.113) The proportion of physicians that expected SDD to affect antibiotic resistance in their unit did not change significantly during the conduct of the trial...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 21:21