... This would prevent the colonisation ofthe nasopharynx and subsequently limit the spread of pneumococci from the upper to the lower respiratorytract by enhancing clearance via the mucocilliary ... mice cleared bacteria from their blood by 48 hrs post infection and that the numbers of pneumococci in the blood of both strains of mice reflected their levels in the lung These results strongly ... expression of surfactant proteins D and A in therespiratorytractofthe mouse Pediatr Res 1996, 39:930-937 Reading PC, Morey LS, Crouch EC, et al.: Collectin-mediated antiviral host defense of the...
... indicated as the next step Nevertheless BAL would be necessary to detect any infectionsofthe lower respiratorytract that may cause further deterioration in lung function Background Methods There ... from the onset ofthe first clinical event that was a clear manifestation of SSc (other than Raynaud's phenomenon) to the time of data collection All patients fulfilled the criteria proposed by the ... were the components ofthe logistic regression model for alveolitis The cut-off values ofthe dependent variables considered in the analysis were based on ROC curves and are reported in table The...
... one-third of cases in the present study recovery of Aspergillus spp in respiratory secretions, in the absence of signs of pneumonia, was considered to represent colonization However, three of these ... variance or the Kruskal–Wallis test was used in the comparison of three groups The χ2 test or the Fisher's exact test was used in the comparison of categorical variables A comparison of risk factors ... week The initial samples were obtained days after admission to the ICU and once a week thereafter Other samples of peripheral blood or from other infectious foci were obtained at the discretion of...
... meta-analysis of comparative trials studying the effect ofthe administration of antibiotics via therespiratorytract on the colonization oftherespiratorytract by bacteria and development of ICU-acquired ... for the local administration of antibiotics for the prevention of development of colonization and infection oftherespiratorytract Specifically, prevention of colonization oftherespiratorytract ... meta-analysis Data extraction The data extracted from the articles for further analysis were the study population, the dosage and the duration ofthe administered drugs, the number of clinically evaluable...
... Guidelines for the Management of Lower RespiratoryTract Infection (LRTI) and Hospital Acquired Pneumonia in Adults These guidelines are intended for the antibiotic treatment of LRTI in immunocompetent ... adults (available on the antibiotic website http://nuhweb/antibiotics) The choice of antibiotic is determined by the severity of pneumonia (see criteria page 4), the likelihood that the pneumonia is ... available, unless the patient: • Is ≥ 65 years of age • Has renal impairment • Has poor urine output In these patients wait for the result ofthe trough level and only give further doses if level...
... elastic recoil ofthe lung (Fig 2) [9] The kyphotic curvature ofthe spine and the anteroposterior diameter ofthe chest increase with aging, thereby decreasing the curvature ofthe diaphragm ... on the tension-time index [33] The tension-time index describes the relationship between force of contraction (Pdi/Pdimax) and duration of contraction (ratio of inspiratory time to total respiratory ... static lung volumes are the elastic recoil ofthe chest wall and that ofthe lung parenchyma Loss of elastic recoil ofthe lung parenchyma and, to a lesser degree, decrease in respiratory muscle performance...
... Introduction The disease ofrespiratory system is one ofthe most frequent reasons for hospitalization of infants and children Basic knowledge ofthe development and functions ofrespiratory system ... characteristics The principal antibody in respiratorytract → S-IgA S-IgA is produced by plasma cells in the submucosa of airway →can neutralize certain viruses and toxins, and help the lysis of bacteria The ... infection →develop obstruction The right bronchus →direct continuation ofthe trachea; The left bronchus spreads out from the lateral surface of trachea; So foreign body →often aspirated into right...
... [17] The RCHOP regimen was chosen due to the patient's poor performance status at the time of diagnosis Our patient only received out of planned cycles of R-CHOP due to toxicity Other chemotherapy ... from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images A copy ofthe written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal Competing interests The ... and CD10 These immunomarkers are essential in distinguishing mantle cell from other types of lymphoma See table 1[14] Additionally, cytogenetic analysis of MCL shows rearrangement ofthe bcl-1...
... photomicrographadenocarcinoma ofthe sinonaLow Power photomicrograph (×40) of this entity: low-grade non-intestinal tubulopapillary adenocarcinoma ofthe sinonasal tract with overlying surface squamous epithelium ... whether the tumour arose from the surface mucosal epithelium or from submucosal seromucinous glands [4] However, this separation was flawed in that the latter are direct invaginations ofthe ... too The high grade types in both groups of adenocarcinomas and the overall category of intestinal type are described to have a worse prognosis The importance of recognition and separation of this...
... participated in the sampling EL contributed in the real-time RT-PCR, in the sampling and in the drafting ofthe manuscript ÅK participated in the planning ofthe experiments, drafting ofthe manuscript ... inflammation ofthe airway [23] Hence, the high expression ofthe PAR-2 receptor transcripts observed in the gills of Atlantic salmon could point to analogous functions in therespiratory organ of fishes ... gene versions ofthe PAR-2 receptor Both transcripts are highly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and the gills In Atlantic salmon fed inclusion levels of SBM the expression ofthe two PAR-2...
... variability of baseline values, there are very slight differences in Zrs at the end ofthe experiment between control and treated group Figure shows the time courses of Raw and ofthe estimates ofthe ... 1) As the highest frequency ofthe second OVW was higher than the overall frequency response of our system, we limited the second waveform to the first components During the application ofthe ... Contributed in the design ofthe study and revised the manuscript, GM Contributed in the design ofthe study, in writing the manuscript and coordinated the study All authors read and approved the final...
... reduced the incidence of pneumonia [14–25] The reduction was independent ofthe choice of systemic antimicrobial agent, as well as the choice of topical antimicrobial agents, since the effect of SDD ... antibiotics in the oral cavity and the rest ofthe digestive tract, or with nonabsorbable antibiotics in the oral cavity alone We specifically chose to review the trials in which the whole regimen of SDD ... decontamination ofthe rest ofthe digestive tract by local administration (through a nasogastric tube) ofthe aforementioned antibiotics Another method is systemic prophylaxis (e.g cefotaxime) to prevent respiratory...
... effect of SDD on the awareness of health care workers is frequently put forward as one ofthe principles ofthe SDD concept, but has never been quantified Its contribution to the overall results therefore ... patient survival in the ICU and preferably in hospital should be the primary endpoint of such studies Also, the design ofthe study deserves further attention Randomization of multiple wards in ... many questions regarding the epidemiology of these bacteria remain unanswered to draw firm conclusions Also, in terms of development of resistance, the time frame ofthe study was probably much...
... failure is the most common cause of death in the ICU The majority of such patients also have severe ARF, and often ALI or ARDS The mortality rate in severe respiratory failure is therefore often caused ... was calculated using the mean value ofthe results on either side ofthe absent result When there was no obvious central nervous system dysfunction or cerebral pathology, the Glasgow Coma Scale ... Definition of acute respiratory failure The definition of ARF was based on the SOFA score criteria, in which a score of or is defined as ‘severe’ organ failure [8] According to those criteria, the diagnosis...
... Impairment ofthe endocytic traffic in the oocyte disturbs ZAM viral particles transit to the oocyte The second step in the traffic ofviral particles is to sort out ofthe cells where they assemble ... to the apical end ofthe follicle cells: In the first step of infection, theviral genomic material is directed toward the apical plasma membrane where particles are released from the cell The ... fs(2)A17 Viral particles of ZAM are restricted to the apical end ofthe follicle cells in a homozygous fs(2)A17 environment Figure Viral particles of ZAM are restricted to the apical end ofthe follicle...
... reported [39,40] The number of these file drawer studies exceeded the number of included studies in the analyses with positive results, reducing the unreliability ofthe validity ofthe outcomes ... non-absorbable drugs, these results corroborate the hypothesis that the gastrointestinal tract is the primary source of yeast causing infection Alterations in the host defence of critically ill patients ... but the direction ofthe difference was stable in favour of SDD These results show that the effectiveness of prophylaxis is reduced with an increased proportion of included surgical patients The...
... 20% Conclusion Viralinfections in the ICU are common in the outpatient setting but become less common in the ICU However, a small number ofviralinfections can lower respiratorytract disease ... infiltrating the subepithelium oftherespiratorytract In cases of severe avian subtypes, a hemophagocytic syndrome and severe diffuse alveolar damage occur, causing the clinical findings of severe ... spreads to the epithelium ofthe bronchioles From the bronchioles, the virus can then Like RSV and influenza, SARS-CoV has a lipoprotein envelope, but unlike the RSV and influenza, the virus is...
... compliance oftherespiratory sysand static compliance oftherespiratory system (Crs) conditions ofthe present study, but may not be warranted in the clinical setting It could be argued that the effects ... in the design ofthe study, and collected the data during the experiments BL and PG analysed the data and performed the statistical analysis VD participated in the design and the coordination of ... approved by the Ethics Committee ofthe Medical Faculty ofthe University of Liege The investigation conforms with guidelines on laboratory animals published by the US National Institutes of Health...
... coordination ofthe trial and helped to draft the manuscript PP participated in the coordination ofthe trial and in the statistical analysis and helped to draft the manuscript MJB conceived ofthe study, ... towards the end ofthe trial The median PRRM tended to increase during the conduct ofthe trial, and came close to the 13% relative risk reduction in 28-day mortality as determined in the trial ... 28.5) at the end ofthe study (P = 0.113) The proportion of physicians that expected SDD to affect antibiotic resistance in their unit did not change significantly during the conduct ofthe trial...