vertically aligned carbon nanotubes supported pt catalyst

... characterization 46 2.2.3 Magnetic characterization 62 2.2.4 Optical characterization 69 Chapter Oxygen vacancy-mediated transport in SrTiO3 76 3.1 Transport properties ... research topic-based pattern and divide different research topics into separate chapters In this introduction chapter, a preview of what I have done in terms of different research topics will be ... of Tables .xviii List of Figures xix List of Symbols xxxv Chapter 1.1 Introduction Research Contents 1.1.1 Oxygen vacancy-mediated transport...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:11

... cooling was used The optimized design parameters for solenoid coil with iron jacket are presented in table The optimized axial flux along the axis of the source is shown in figure The optimized magnetic ... fabrication, and characterization of a solenoid system 463 Table The optimized design parameters for solenoid coil with iron jacket Description Solenoid coil Coil type Coil size φ300 mm × 80 mm Bore diameter ... mm thick low carbon TATA ‘A’ grade steel The jacket was fabricated in five parts consisting of two side plates and three cylindrical shapes, of diameter equal to the Figure The optimized axial...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 08:58

... Figure 4, absorption spectra of the N3/ATO films shown in Figure 5a, absorption spectra of dyeloading experiments, TEM images of Pt- sputtered patterns, and transmission spectra of Pt- sputtered FTO ... N3/ATO films served as a working electrode (anode) A fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO; Figure (a) Absorption spectra of ATO films sensitized with N3 dye at various tube lengths produced with NH4F (0.5 ... and active area 0.28 cm2 30 Ω/sq, Sinonar, Taiwan) glass (typical size 1.0 × 2.0 cm2) coated with Pt particles by sputtering served as a counter electrode (cathode) To fabricate the NT-DSSC device,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... single-walled carbon nanotubes Comparison of the h and FF of the counter electrodes with three different carbon- based materials measured under similar deposition conditions of optical transmittance ... AR, Cho J, Roether JA, Thomas BJC, Minay EJ, Shaffer MSP: Electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotubes Carbon 2006, 44:3149-3160 18 Hummers WS, Offeman RE: Preparation of graphitic oxide J Am ... suitable material for a counter electrode, followed by carbon nanocomposites and SWNTs Conclusion In this report, we demonstrated the fabrication of carbon nanomaterials deposited on FTO substrates...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 23:20

... single-walled carbon nanotubes Comparison of the h and FF of the counter electrodes with three different carbon- based materials measured under similar deposition conditions of optical transmittance ... AR, Cho J, Roether JA, Thomas BJC, Minay EJ, Shaffer MSP: Electrophoretic deposition of carbon nanotubes Carbon 2006, 44:3149-3160 18 Hummers WS, Offeman RE: Preparation of graphitic oxide J Am ... suitable material for a counter electrode, followed by carbon nanocomposites and SWNTs Conclusion In this report, we demonstrated the fabrication of carbon nanomaterials deposited on FTO substrates...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... measurement CCW prepared the manuscript KLO technically supported the study All authors read and approved the final manuscript Acknowledgments This work was supported by Taipei Medical University ... electrical field and, hence, improves the emission current In this paper, a large-area and well -aligned ultra-sharp nanotip arrays by reactive ion etching and oxidation techniques are fabricated ... excellent field emission property against environmental disturbance Keywords: silicon nanotip; well -aligned; field emission; Fowler-Nordheim; oxidecapped Background Ultra-sharp nanotips are drawn...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

... teristics of Si wafers at 300 K [54], the absorption depth (L) which is inversely correlated to the absorption coefficient implies a larger absorption depth for long-wavelength photons as compared ... front optical losses, as well as to further reduce rear optical losses, the analysis of a novel and recently patented [14] hybrid heterojunction silicon wafer solar cell concept that adopts a ... films that exhibit low parasitic absorption loss, high conductivity, and low damage to underlying intrinsic buffer layer; 2) reducing rear optical losses by adopting a conductive distributed Bragg...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:15

... theoretical tools, including optimized electrodynamics calculation methods and improved computational resonances, are able to describe and predict the possible optical properties The nanofabrication ... tools, such as near-field scanning optical microscope and dark-field microscope, have enabled us to directly observe surface plasmon polariton waves or detect optical properties of tiny nanoparticles ... unique optical properties through the excitation of surface plasmons for potential applications 1.1.1 Overview of plasmonics and surface plasmons Before scientists start to study the unique optical...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:17

... research work presented in this chapter has been 10 published in Applied Physics A, Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials, and Applied Optics Chapter studies structurally tunable terahertz ... of metamaterials The research work presented in this chapter has been published in Optical Materials Express and Optics Express In Chapter 7, a novel design of 3D metamaterials, “metamaterials ... Applied Optics, accepted (2011) XIV Hybrid Meta-materials Design and Fabrication for Terahertz Resonance Response Enhancement C.S Lim, M.H Hong, Z.C Chen, N.R Han, B Luk’yanchuk, and T.C Chong Optics...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:40

... 72 Chapter Diamond-Like Carbon Liner with Highly Compressive Stress for Performance Enhancement of AlGaN/GaN MOS-HEMTs 73 4.1 Introduction 73 4.2 Device Concept and Stress ... Diamond-like Carbon Liner on AlGaN/GaN MOSHEMTs 80 4.4 Electrical Characterization of the Devices with and without the Diamond-Like Carbon Liner 86 4.5 Summary 95 Chapter ... stressor for silicon p-MOSFET [56]-[60], silicon -carbon source/drain stressor for silicon n-MOSFET [61]-[65], gate-induced channel stress [66], diamondlike carbon (DLC) stress liner for silicon p-silicon...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:11

... generate optical signal; 2) Modulators: to convert electrical s and s into optical s and s; 3) Optical waveguides: to deliver optical signals across the chip; 4) Photodetectors: to convert optical ... photodetector is an Opto-Electronic device which absorbs optical energy and converts it into electrical power In its most common form, semiconductor-based photodetectors are widely used in optical communication ... be tailored to optimize both the quantum efficiency and response bandwidth In Ge PIN photodetectors, while the photoabsorption intrinsic layer is usually Ge for effective absorption around 1.55...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:47

... Independently arrived at dual mode concept from sorption of hydrocarbon vapors in glassy ethyl cellulose Demonstrated and quantified dual mode sorption concept Barrie (1963) Vieth and Sladek (1965) ... Permeability coefficient product of diffusion and absorption coefficients Kayser (1891) Demonstration of validity of Henry’s Law for the adsorption of carbon dioxide in rubber Lord Rayleigh (1900) Determination ... glassy polymers Effect of dual mode sorption on time lag and permeability Proposed partial immobilization of sorption Defined effect of partial immobilizing sorption on permeability and diffusion...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:24

... Photoluminescence spectra 69 3.4.3 Optical absorption 71 iii 3.4.4 3.5 Bonding information 74 Conclusions 75 Chapter Thermal Annealing and Oxidation of ... surface roughness 86 4.3.3 IR absorption 89 4.3.4 Raman spectra 92 4.3.5 Film nanostructures 94 4.3.6 Optical absorption 99 4.3.7 Photoluminescence ... 128 5.3.3 Optical absorption 132 5.3.4 5.4 Nanoscale features 127 Photoluminescence spectra 134 Conclusions 137 Chapter Conclusions and Future...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:25

... wire as the counter electrode 53 Figure 2.11: Absorption spectra of the PF8 moiety (solid curve) and Eu complex (dotted curve) in THF The absorption edges (indicated by arrows) correspond to the ... mobility μ0 zero-field mobility XIII θ shallow trapping factor φB barrier height XIV Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter Introduction Nowadays, with the development of semiconductor and communication ... access memory (RAM) and sometimes Chapter 1: Introduction other forms of fast but temporary storage Similarly, “storage” is more commonly referred to mass storage-optical discs (such as CD and DVD),...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:29

... Ge:Mn 60 Table 3.2 Details of the samples under study in this chapter 64 Table 4.1 The parameters of the samples studied in this chapter 114 Table 5.1 Growth conditions and parameters of the δ-doped ... part (χ˝) of the ac susceptibility for sample A4 at different dc fields and a frequency of 10 Hz FIG 3.17 Temperature dependence of the real part (χ´) of the ac 85 susceptibility with a dc field ... Fermi velocity ρ resistivity µ0 magnetic permeability χ´ real part of ac susceptibility χ˝ imaginary part of ac susceptibility xxiii Acronyms ACRONYMS AFM atomic force microscope AFM antiferromagentic...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:29

... charge density, [mol m-3] ω the solute permeability [mol cm-2 s-1 Pa-1], xix Introduction Chapter-I CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Development of Polymeric Membrane for Liquid Separation In biology, ... water [Watson & Hornburg, 1989], 14 Introduction Chapter-I Scanning Electron Microscope Micrometers (Log Scale) Ionic Range Molecular range Optical Microscope Macro molecular range Micro particle ... Effect of Elongation Rate on the Morphology of the As-spun UF Hollow Fibers .68 2.5 Chapter Discussion and Conclusions 71 Characterization of Two Commercial Nanofiltration Membranes...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:29

... increasing etch depth until it reaches a depth in the doped AlGaN layer, where we then observed an increase in ρc After some measurements using the AFM to find the optimum depth that gives the ... types of lattice vibration such as acoustic and optical In covalent polar semiconductors as GaAs and GaN, the Longitudinal Optical (LO) polar optical phonon scattering is the dominant scattering ... in Chapter In addition, the performance is discussed The design of photomasks suitable for the making of HEMTs for high frequency and/or high power applications is considered in Chapter Chapter...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 22:32

... experimental work presented in subsequent chapters The various fabrication processes and characterization techniques are presented in Chapter In Chapter 4, a room Chapter One: Introduction temperature ... Filip and B J van Wees, Phys Rev B, 67, 085319 (2003) Chapter Two: Literature Review CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction In this chapter, various topics pertaining to lateral spin valves ... Chapter Two: Literature Review [34] T Last, S Hacia, M Wahle, S F Fischer and U Kunze, J Appl Phys 96, 6706 (2004) 21 Chapter Three: Fabrication and characterization of lateral spin valves CHAPTER...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 22:32

... separated by energy gaps 1.1.3 Optical Characterization Optical measurements are the main technique for the characterization of photonic band gap materials While optical reflectance and transmission ... stop bandgaps by optical characterization 19 1.3 Organization of the Thesis This thesis is structured as follows The first chapter serves as introduction of the basics, the optical properties ... such as efficient microwave antennas, zero-threshold lasers, low-loss resonators, optical switches, and miniature optoelectronic components such as microlasers and waveguides The most useful applications...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 22:32

... Chapter The role of finite size effects on the exchange coupling is described in Chapter The conclusion and the suggestion of future works based on the results are presented in Chapter Chapter ... Appl Phys Lett 58, 2710 (1991) 18 Chapter Experimental Techniques Chapter Experimental Techniques In Chapter 2, we have introduced the theoretical description of the MR and PHE effects Here, ... follows In chapter 1, the background and the objectives of thesis will be stated The summary of theories for various MR effect and Planar Hall Effect will be discussed in the Chapter Chapter also...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 22:32