uptake and cycling in freshwater systems

... observed in the absence of IPTG, likely indicating significant IPTG-independent expression of the protein Using an antibody raised against the recombinant protein, AtuNDH-2 was detected in protein extracts ... separation and fluorometric analysis of the flavinic cofactor Continuous line, cofactor extracted from purified recombinant AtuNDH-2; dashed black line, FAD standard; dashed grey line, FMN standard ... soluble protein fraction; M, membrane protein fraction AtuNDH-2 accumulation was analysed in response to induction by 0.1 or 0.5 mM IPTG Gel loading was  2.5 and 30 lg proteins in M and S lanes,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 06:20

... Proteins harbouring SH2 domains bind to phosphorylated tyrosines on their target proteins, thereby coupling the activity of tyrosine kinases with intracellular signalling pathways [28] In our ... results in significantly increased binding of tau to Fyn-SH2, thus suggesting that the interaction between tau and Fyn-SH2 is enhanced by increased tyrosine phosphorylation in cells To determine whether ... tyrosines present on tau [17–19], and tau also interacts with Fyn via its Src homology (SH)3 domain [20,21] The SH3 domain of Fyn binds to proline-rich motifs within the sequence PXXP in interacting...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 14:20

... Second, industry makes a deep investment in education and training (E&T) of its personnel in manufacturing At Merck Manufacturing Division, for example, formal training includes those who handle ... development and licensing capability Were DoD more effective in managing the drug development and licensing process, fewer candidate drugs and vaccines would be “parked” in IND status, and more ... reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from RAND Published 2003 by RAND...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 11:20

... domain (B-chain) The subdomains of the A-chain are: fibronectin type I and type II (FNI and FNII), epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like and Kringle (Kr) Cleavage by thrombin (T) and plasma kallikrein ... belonging to different classes, such as the Kunitz domain inhibitors HAI-1 and HAI2, and the serpin protein C inhibitor (SerpinA5) [22] (refer to the review by Suzuki [23]) The first identified inhibitor ... protease–substrate (or inhibitor) interactions The loops in and around the active site are named according to their chymotrypsinogen numbering (for conversion into the Perona and Craik [6] loop nomenclature,...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 11:20

... of integrins requires talin binding to the cytoplasmic tail of b integrin [13] Talin is an essential integrin-activating protein that connects the cytoplasmic tail of b integrins to the actin ... domain fold masked by an extended actin binding tail domain Cell 101, 259–270 29 Balla T (2005) Inositol-lipid binding motifs: signal integrators through protein–lipid and protein–protein interactions ... with FERM (band four-point-one ⁄ ezrin ⁄ radixin ⁄ moesin) domains FERM domains localize proteins to the plasma membrane, where they can interact with phosphoinositides and membrane proteins [21]...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... the middle and 4132 all of the C-terminal domains, including the postulated Hsp90-binding and dimerization regions [16] Mutants with truncations extending into the N-terminal domain, Cdc37(1–155), ... in- frame insertions resulting in the insertion of five amino acids into the Cdc37 protein Stop codons were inserted by the five codon insertion in four mutants, each adding only 1–3 extra amino acids ... protein may act inefficiently in S pombe blot analysis on GST, S pombe protein extracts and GST-Cdc37 using depleted serum results in a loss of signal against S pombe protein extracts and recombinant...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... Kruijff, B (1998) An investigation into the lipid interactions of peptides corresponding to the C-terminal anchoring domains of Escherichia coli penicillinbinding proteins 4, and Biochim Biophys ... representing these sequences lie proximal in the area delineating candidate oblique-orientated a-helix-forming segments, indicating that m-calpain domain V may contain an oblique-orientated a-helix comparable ... of band components was obtained from deconvolution of the spectra; curve fitting was then applied within the original spectra after the subtraction of baselines resulting from neighbouring bands...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... mutating the corresponding residues in E coli FabG involved in the binding of E coli ACP have been investigated earlier, the number of binding sites and ACP-induced cooperativity for the interactions ... study ligand-induced conformational changes by monitoring the change in its intrinsic fluorescence In these studies, we have investigated the interactions between PfFabG and PfACP using a combination ... concentrations The apparent binding and association constants are shown in Table There was a three-fold enhancement in PfACP binding to wild-type PfFabG in the presence of NADPH PfACP binding to the mutant...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

... control process that involves the EmbR transcriptional regulator, and PknH [30] and other serine–threonine protein kinases ⁄ phosphatase systems [98] The serine–threonine protein kinase enzymes are ... oxidoreductase protein (461 amino acids) contains a FAD-binding N-terminal domain and a C-terminal d-arabinono-1,4-lactone oxidase (ALO) signature from T423 to L458 The ALO domain is characteristic ... reduces the 2¢-keto d-arabinofuranose ring to a d-arabinofuranosyl residue Interestingly, pathogenic actinobacteria, including M tuberculosis, M bovis, M ulcerans and M marinum, have acquired, via...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... proteins [9,49] and in folding and assembly of immunoglobulin chains in cells that are highly active in terms of recombinant protein production and secretion The relative decrease in BiP mRNA in ... IgGexpressing plants Again this is consistent with the model for BiP in assisting protein folding and increasing throughput of the ER In mammals, BiP associates with both Ig light and heavy chains ... all combinations of Ig chains involved in IgG and SIgA may be useful tools to investigate immunoglobulin processing and help to identify candidate proteins which may act as chaperones in this...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 08:20

... Figure Evaluating the role of the avb3 and avb5 integrins in promoting microglial activation state in response to vitronectin Wildtype, b3 integrin KO, b5 integrin KO and b3/b5 integrin DKO microglia ... vitronectin receptors, avb3 and avb5 integrins, and that the microglial response to vitronectin is largely mediated by av integrins [11] As the avb3 and avb5 integrins have well-defined roles in activation ... of the role of the avb3 and avb5 integrins in mediating vitronectin induction of microglial activation Wild-type, b3 integrin KO, b5 integrin KO and b3/b5 integrin DKO microglia were purified from...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... baseline Alcohol intake was reported at least every years and categorized in grams per day Husband's educational level was assessed in 1992 in NHS and 1999 in NHSII, and was included as a proxy ... different from ours, in that they did not find a significant interaction between the presence of the PTPN22 polymorphism and smoking in determining RA risk Their gene-smoking interaction analyses ... RF-positive RA, and that presence of this polymorphism interacts with heavy cigarette smoking in a multiplicative manner These findings contribute to the growing understanding of how genetic and environmental...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23

... samples and standard solutions were sprayed into flowing argon and passed into the torch which was inductively heated to ~10,000°C Ti and Co were calibrated using blank, 50-, 100-, and 250-ppt standard ... is evident in the series of Raman spectra shown in Figure In brief, DMEM comprises inorganic salts, amino acids, buffers, vitamins, and minerals with the three major components being glucose ... Wavenumber (cm-1) Intensity (a.u.) Confocal microRaman spectroscopy of HeLa cells Herein, the presence of CoMoCAT G-band intensities emanating from inside living cells incubated in DMSWNT dispersions...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 00:22

... grain yield-involved, genes involved in grain yield; GDMC-interaction, the grain yield-involved genes which negatively interacted with grain dry matter content; GDMC-involved, genes involved in ... Grain yield-involved, genes involved in grain yield; GDMC-interaction, the grain yield-involved genes which negatively interacted with grain dry matter content; GDMC-involved, genes involved in ... experiment an interwoven loop design [35] was applied It resulted in 63 hybridizations of dent and flint lines by sampling each dent line five times and each flint line eight times Blank and negative...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... polypyrimidine tract binding protein, appears to account for the underlying mechanism in resting CD4+ T cells Transient expression of this host protein induces productive HIV-1 replication in resting ... tetraspanin-containing compartment enriched in AP-3 Traffic 2008, 9:200-214 Merad M, Ginhoux F, Collin M: Origin, homeostasis and function of Langerhans cells and other langerin-expressing dendritic ... Nef expression in primary monocytes and a promonocytic cell line inhibits LPS-induced IL-12p40 transcription by inhibiting the JNK mitogenactivated protein kinases [29] As an inducible subunit...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:21

... of establishing superinfection interference and facilitating ecotropic receptor-dependent virus infection The finding that SU folding can be affected by Page of 12 protein-protein interactions ... penicillin and streptomycin per ml Mus dunni, NIH 3T3 fibroblasts, and PT67 packaging/producer cells (Invitrogen) were maintained in DMEM with 10% new born calf serum and 100 U of penicillin and ... this interaction could influence superinfection interference by binding to mCAT-1 within the NSCs and prevent infection by a second ecotropic virus, Fr57E The results, shown in Figure 9, indicate...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... develop vaccines directed against pandemic in uenza strains in advance Vaccines against new in uenza strains only become available when the vaccine has been validated extensively Besides vaccination, ... Epidemiology of influenza Vaccine 2008, 26:D45-48 Eccles R: Understanding the symptoms of the common cold and influenza Lancet Infect Dis 2005, 5:718-725 Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Investigation ... bacterial dissemination in a mouse model for secondary pneumococcal pneumonia Studies with recombinant in uenza strains containing different neuraminidase genes indicate that neuraminidase activity...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... chemokines, including CXCL13 [77] and eotaxin-1 [78], and proinflammatory cytokines such as IFNγ, IL-4 and IL-6 These cytokines can provide nonspecific help to bystander T cells, potentially adding ... differentiating into antibody-secreting plasma cells and memory B cells, and mounting an active immune response against invading pathogens In the bone marrow, stromal cell signals induce the differentiation ... macrophages both in vivo and in vitro, including F4/80, CD11b, Ly6C and Ly6G [19] in the murine system Cytokine production and the expression of additional cell-surface markers allow discrimination between...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2014, 19:48

... are honest, thereby reducing audit quality Building upon and extending theories from psychology and economics, and drawing on prior research in accounting (King 2002; Bowlin, Hales, Kachelmeier ... chance of earning 10 points and a 30% chance of earning point, while the manager has a 10% chance of earning points and a 90% chance of earnings points If the players select low effort and aggressive ... chance of earning 10 points and a 30% chance of earning point, while the manager has a 10% chance of earning points and a 90% chance of earnings points If the players choose low effort and aggressive...

Ngày tải lên: 06/01/2015, 19:41