unsupervised statistical language learning
Integrating Language Learning Strategy Instruction into ESL
... of language learning strategies, to highlight the relationship between strategy use and language learning tasks, and to methodically increase students' existing repertoire of language learning ... social/affective strategies they posses to attend to the language- learning activity. However, whereas experienced language learners can approach language- learning problems in a systematic way and are ... instruction into language lessons?What Are the Learning Outcomes of Strategy Instruction? Language learning strategy instruction is a teaching approach that aims to raise learner awareness of learning...
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Personalizing Language Learning in Large Classes(motivation)
... choice of topic and information learned are more important in their process of learning. Personalizing Language Learning in Large ClassesChao-ching Lin As an EFL college teacher in Taiwan, ... but also to go beyond the textbooks and make learning related to the student's life. It is very possible to create a personalized language learning environment in a big college classroom ... "meaningful and personalized learning& quot; I was trying to help them to obtain. An Example of How I Created Personalized Learning Here is an example of how I created personalized learning in my college...
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Using Games to Promote Communicative Skills in Language Learning
... games in language- learning can be summed up in nine points. Games • are learner centered. • promote communicative competence. • create a meaningful context for language use. • increase learning ... learning motivation. • reduce learning anxiety. • integrate various linguistic skills. • encourage creative and spontaneous use of language. • construct a cooperative learning environment. • foster ... suitable for reinforcement of individual language skills and easily applied in the classroom. One featureof these games is that students with lower language ability in a team can still contribute...
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Using Presentation Software to Enhance Language Learning
... introduction and conclusion, reflection of comprehension. Language learning seems to occur most effectively when students have opportunities to use language for real purposes. Purposeful activities ... observed real involvement and language use resulting from focus on content rather than on language. While creating esthetic presentations in English, students use the language productively and ... students revise their presentations, and it seems this revision and recycling process enhances language learning. Thirdly, in purely oral presentations, even if the teacher gives organization guidelines,...
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Tài liệu Comprehensive English Language Learning Assessment ppt
... Response2General Information The Comprehensive English Language Learning Assessment (CELLA) is a four-skill language proficiency assessment for English Language Learners (ELL) students. Testing window ... order.Miami-Dade County Public SchoolsDivision of Bilingual Education and World LanguagesComprehensive English Language Learning AssessmentCELLA-Middle SchoolSpring 200922Probing Questions ... Yvonne Lim-Petersen, Supervisor 305-995-12103119Speaking SectionsComprehensive English Language Learning Assessment (CELLA) Practice and Scoring Question #1 Rubric, page 193 Scoring...
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Tài liệu Technically Speaking: Transforming Language Learning through Virtual ... docx
... technology in second language learning. In H. Byrnes (Ed.), Learning foreign and second languages: Perspectives in researchand scholarship (pp. 209-237). New York: Modern Language Association.Brammerts, ... Hawai’i Second Language Teachingand Curriculum Center.Bush, M. D. (1997). Implementing technology for language learning. In M. D. Bush (Ed.), Tech-nology-enhanced language learning (pp. 287-349).Lincolnwood, ... their own language learning environment and thereby re-Silke von der Emde, Jeffrey Schneider, and Markus Kötter 213their own native language also automaticallymade students’ own language learning...
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Second language learning
... second language learning. The importance of motivation in second language learning Language learning is remarkably different from other kinds of learning because of its social nature. Learning ... importance of motivation in second language learning, (3) Types of motivation in second language learning, (4) Literature in language teaching, (5) Literature in teaching language skills , (6) Folktales ... difficult process. In order to be successful, a language learner needs motivation to continue his/her learning. Obviously, meaningful involvement in language learning happens only when learners find...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Exploiting Social Information in Grounded Language Learning via Grammatical Reductions"" docx
... informa-tion sources during word learning. 1 IntroductionFrom learning sounds to learning the meanings ofwords, social interactions are extremely importantfor children’s early language acquisition (Baldwin,1993; ... area crucial information source for grounded language learning. We also showed that the importance of the differ-ent social cues in grounded language learning canbe evaluated using “add one cue” ... Californiamcfrank@Stanford.eduAbstractThis paper uses an unsupervised model ofgrounded language acquisition to study therole that social cues play in language acqui-sition. The input to the model consists...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: " Mining the Web for Language Learning" pdf
... crucial role in language learning. Engkoo offers new methods forthe self-exploration of language based on the appliedlinguistic theories of learning as discovery” andData-Driven Learning (DDL) ... examining extracting language knowledge from the real-time web for translation innews scenarios. Additionally, we are actively min-ing other language pairs to build a multi -language learning system.AcknowledgmentsWe ... translation or language learning, losing out on synergy that can reduce inefficienciesin the user experience.This paper presents Engkoo, a system for explor-ing and learning language. Different...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Reading Level Assessment Using Support Vector Machines and Statistical Language Models" pdf
... relative toeach other.4.1 Statistical Language Models Statistical LMs predict the probability that a partic-ular word sequence will occur. The most commonlyused statistical language model is the ... using statistical language models.In this paper, we also use support vectormachines to combine features from tradi-tional reading level measures, statistical language models, and other language ... and Good-man, 1999). We used the SRI Language ModelingToolkit (Stolcke, 2002) for language model training.Our first set of classifiers consists of one n-gram language model per class c in the set...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Japanese OCR Error Correction using Character Shape Similarity and Statistical Language Model " pptx
... zero-frequency problem. Al- though it has been studied in many areas such as speech recognition, statistical language modeling and text compression, no previous work has exam- ined on the smoothing ... times is c/(n + r). 923 Japanese OCR Error Correction using Character Shape Similarity and Statistical Language Model Masaaki NAGATA NTT Information and Communication Systems Laboratories 1-1 ... novel OCR error correction method for languages without word delimiters that have a large character set, such as Japanese and Chinese. It consists of a statistical OCR model, an approxi- mate...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Generating statistical language models from interpretation grammars in dialogue systems" potx
... Two decades of statistical language modeling: Where do we go from here? In Proceed-ings of IEEE:88(8).Rosenfeld R. 2000. Incorporating Linguistic Structureinto Statistical Language Models. ... comparison of in-grammar recognition performance.3 Language modellingTo generate the different trigram language modelswe used the SRI language modelling toolkit (Stol-cke, 2002) with Good-Turing ... modelling thesame language as the Nuance grammar, gives suchan important gain in performance that it lowersthe WER with 22%. We used the Chi-square testof significance to statistically compare...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Grammar Approximation by Representative Sublanguage: A New Model for Language Learning" potx
... generalization model), isthe language of the background knowledge,isthe language of the (positive and negative) exam-ples, and is the hypothesis language. The gen-eral ILP -learning problem is undecidable. ... difficult than learning syntax alone. In for-mal grammar learning theory it has been shown that learning from “good examples,” or representativeexamples, is more powerful than learning from ... are made con-stants).The language of examples, are syntagmasof the representative sublanguage, which areground atoms. We only have positive examples.The hypothesis language, , is a LWFG lat-tice...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Generalized Algorithms for Constructing Statistical Language Models" pdf
... a general software libraryfor language modeling, the GRM Library, that includesmany other text and grammar processing functionalities.1 Motivation Statistical language models are crucial components ... described to constructa language model based on a weighted automaton. When, the language defined by the classes, isa code, the transducer is unambiguous.Denote now by the language model constructedfrom ... ofmany modern natural language processing systems suchas speech recognition, information extraction, machinetranslation, or document classification. In all cases, a language model is used in...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Diagnostic Processing of Japanese for Computer-Assisted Second Language Learning" doc
... DatabaseRetrieval in a Learning Environment forJapanese as Second Language ”, Proceedingsof AIED ’97, pp.247-254.Diagnostic Processing of Japanese forComputer-Assisted Second Language Learning Jun’ichi ... recent classroom of second language learning, communicative approach(H.G. Wid-dowson, 1977) is promoted in which it mat-ters for the students to become aware of the language use, i.e. the functionality ... Chicago Press.M.Nagao ( 1996 ) : “ Natural Language Process-ing ”,Iwanami-Shoten.V. M. Holland, J. D. Kaplan, M. R. Sams ( 1995): “ Intelligent Language Tutors – TheoryShaping Technology...
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- english language learning materials
- combining a statistical language model
- generating statistical language models
- a markov language learning model
- computerassisted second language learning
- constructing statistical language models
- a new model for language learning
- phrasebased statistical language generation
- a unifying framework for statistical relational learning
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