understanding 2 d plane stress and strain

... Reaction and Deformation Formulas for Circular Arches 5 33 33 34 76 1 02 104 189 20 2 21 1 21 2 21 3 22 1 22 5 22 6 22 7 22 8 22 9 24 2 24 5 24 6 24 9 25 2 25 5 25 8 26 0 304 313 333 vii viii 9.4 10.1 10 .2 10.3 11.1 ... nị1 2nị 2: 2-3cị For plane stress, with sz ¼ 0, Eqs (2. 2 -2) and (2. 2-3) become ðs nsy ị E x ey ẳ sy nsx ị E n ez ẳ sx ỵ sy Þ E ex ¼ 2: 2-4aÞ 2: 2-4bÞ 2: 2-4cÞ 16 Formulas for Stress and Strain ... shown in Fig 2. 5 2. 2 Strain and the Stress Strain Relations As with stresses, two types of strains exist: normal and shear strains, which are denoted by e and g, respectively Normal strain is the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 11:25

... Strains in an inclined direction; strains in the directions 0, and 0, and defined by E,, E, and, ,y lead to strains E , y along the inclined direction OB All the strains are considered to be small; ... AD = 20 OD = ox = 30 OE = o , oc = OC = 10 CD = OD AC2 = CD2 + AD2 = or = 20 2 or AC -10 = (OD + = OE) - (30 - 10) - OC + 20 2 30 - 10 = 800 = = OC + AC (rl = = 10 - 28 .3 o2 = : = -18.3 MPa 22 .5 ... perpendicular normal strains is a constant From equations (5 .28 a) and (5 .28 b) 1 - e2) sin28 - EJ COSD = = eh - -E, + (el - (el e2) + e2) (5.3Oa) (5.30b) Analysis of stress and strain 120 Dividing...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 11:27

... geometries (plane stress and plane strain) and under both monotonic and cyclic loads in this study However, a high degree of accuracy in notch root stress and strain predictions should not generally ... indicate that these rules generally underpredict notch root stress and overpredict notch root strain for both notched round bars and flat plates and under both monotonic and cyclic loading conditions ... 0:01 A strain indicator and a switch and balance unit were used to measure strains and load versus strain data were recorded by an x– y recorder During monotonic as well as cyclic loadings, the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/05/2014, 20:28

... 193,9 22 6,8 25 3,7 27 6,3 29 5,7 3 12, 9 328 ,4 3 42, 5 355,4 367,5 Plane Stress ∆ε /2 (mm/mm) 51,5 0,00 02 1 02, 9 0,0005 154,4 0,0007 190,9 0,0010 22 7,7 0,0013 25 8,8 0,0017 28 6,3 0,0 021 3 12, 2 0,0 027 338,1 ... Glinka ∆σ /2 (MPa) ∆σ /2 (MPa) ∆ε /2 (mm/mm) ∆σ /2 (MPa) ∆ε /2 (mm/mm) 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 20 0 22 5 25 0 27 5 300 325 350 375 400 425 450 470 53 106 159 21 2 26 4,98 317, 52 365,75 400 ,28 421 ,65 436,03 ... stress and strain concentration factors Triangular 2D element node; DOF / node Tetrahedral 3D element 10 nodes; DOF / node Figure Geometry, Mesh and elements used in the plane and three dimensional...

Ngày tải lên: 24/05/2014, 20:32

... 18.3 and 55 .2 MPa The database was randomly divided into training (70%), validation (15%), and test (15%) by the function Dividerand Following the data division and preprocessing, the optimum model ... et al 20 02; Lam and Teng 20 03b; ACI 440.2R-08 (ACI 20 08); Ilki et al 20 08; Pham and Hadi 20 13] The proposed ANN strain model outperforms the selected models in estimating the compressive strain ... 20 03b; Wu and Wang 20 09; Toutanji et al 20 10; Wu and Wei 20 10; Pham and Hadi 20 14) These models were chosen herein because they have had high citations and yielded good agreement with the database...

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2017, 03:57

... A decided B needed C wanted D succeeded A car B carriage C corn D city A success B song C sugar D soup A churches B chairman C chemist D changes A rough B tough C cough D though A promise B devise ... provide C complete D prefer 15 A become B promise C suggest D disorder 16 A flower B exclude C husband D farmer 17 A doctor B simple C castle D enlarge 18 A decide B behave C offer D occur 19 A exciting ... enter D pollute 10 A mother B relax C father D garden 11 A decide B combine C apply D happen 12 A promise B picture C listen D accept 13 A apple B England C shampoo D grammar 14 A open B provide...

Ngày tải lên: 08/07/2013, 01:26

... acid and 0.90 ± 0.08 lmol of O2 were consumed and 1.1 ± 0. 02 lmol of 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid was formed, which indicated a molar ratio of 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid : O2 : 2, 5-pyridinedicarboxylic ... then gradually decreased The absorption peaks at 26 3 and 29 4 nm derived from 4-amino-3-hydroxybenzoic acid also decreased as the enzyme reaction proceeded (Fig 3A) and disappeared after 10 of ... final pH adjusted to pH 6.8 Solution B contained g MgSO4Ỉ7H2O, and mg each of CaCl2Ỉ2H2O, CuSO4Ỉ5H2O, ZnCl2, and FeSO4Ỉ7H2O, with deionized water in 300 mL total volume Solution C contained 2. 4 g...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... Data Bank code: 2BSS) The b-bulge on residue 53 breaks the D- strand into two halves Middle: cartoon representation of the D5 3P mutant with a shorter D- strand and an extended and protruding CD ... mutant (D5 3P), wild-type b2m complexed in MHC I (MHC) and the secondary structures of fibrillar b2m (AMY) predicted by Debelouchina et al [19] b-strands C, D and E are labeled as ssC, ssD, and ssE, ... respectively The CD and DE loops are marked as lCD and lDE; B, b-bulge Residue 53 is marked as X (C) Stereo representation of strands D and E and the loop inbetween The structures of wild-type b2m in MHC-I...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:20

... of detected edges (d) Edges detected by the LoG operator with gradient threshold 10 and σ = pixels method Since the shape of a patch is independent of the position of the × window and depends ... from false edges among the detected zero-crossings As the standard deviation of the Gaussian smoother is increased, fewer edges are obtained, and the edge contours become rounder and displace from ... Fig 2. 7 pixels 21 Canny edges of Fig 2. 6a using a Gaussian smoother of standard deviation 2. 5 directions at two sides of a ridge point have opposite signs and the gradient magnitudes at ridge...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 12:20

... here to view and print the Keper logical model Please focus on goal and objectives Understanding Needs and Assessing Opportunities - Creating your team and stating goals – page Job aids From the ... generate content and take leadership Understanding Needs and Assessing Opportunities - Creating your team and stating goals – page Managing the team Remember that participation does not mean involving ... take a leadership role in the online community Developing goals will help you focus your questions and research Understanding Needs and Assessing Opportunities - Creating your team and stating...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 20:20

... here to view and print the Keper logical model Please focus on goal and objectives Understanding Needs and Assessing Opportunities - Creating your team and stating goals – page Job aids From the ... generate content and take leadership Understanding Needs and Assessing Opportunities - Creating your team and stating goals – page Managing the team Remember that participation does not mean involving ... take a leadership role in the online community Developing goals will help you focus your questions and research Understanding Needs and Assessing Opportunities - Creating your team and stating...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 20:20

... 2. 01 02 and to Lep d 2. 020 1 and Lep d 2. 020 2 in L destructor positive sera Lep d 2. 0101 solid phase Lep d 2. 01 02 solid phase Lep d 2. 020 1 solid phase Lep d 2. 020 2 solid phase Serum no Lep d 2. 0101 ... Lep d 2. 01 02 Lep d 2. 0101 Lep d 2. 01 02 Lep d 2. 020 1 Lep d 2. 020 2 Lep d 2. 020 1 Lep d 2. 020 2 0. 029 0.100 0.195 0.085 0 .23 8 0.471 0.006 0.045 0.090 0.074 0.0 62 0.091 0. 020 0.081 0 .20 6 0.083 0 .20 6 ... compared to known isoforms, they were considered to be variants of the Lep d 2. 01 and Lep d 2. 02 isoforms and were designated Lep d 2. 01 02 and Lep d 2. 020 2, respectively, according to Lep d 2. 0102...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... 1 12 114 115 117 119 120 123 123 124 126 129 129 131 133 VI MQM and Normal Matrix Model Normal matrix model and its applications 1.1 Definition of the model 1 .2 Applications ... study of 2D string theory 34 2 Matrix models and random surfaces Fig II.1: Duality between Feynman graphs and discretized surfaces Similarly, one can consider 3, 4, etc matrix models Their definition ... massless modes, all of them can be deduced from the spacetime action which should be added to (I .21 ) Stach = − dD X √ −G e 2 (∇T )2 − T α′ (I .27 ) Let us consider the tachyon as a field moving...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:41

... (θ1 ), bc 2 ⊗ a1 ( 2 ), , bc φK ⊗ a1 (θK ) H d1 θ1 , φ1 , d1 2 , 2 , , d1 θK , φK Λ · d2 (θ1 , φ1 ), d2 ( 2 , 2 ), , d2 (θK , φK ) H ⎡ ⎢ arg D p + : p M − p + , k D1 θ, φ ΛDH θ, φ , ... Processing 100 100 RMSE (deg) 101 RMSE (deg) 101 10−1 10 2 −5 10−1 10 SNR (dB) 15 20 25 p =2 p=3 p=4 10 2 −5 10 SNR (dB) 15 20 25 p =2 p=3 p=4 (a) (b) Figure 2: RMSE of 2- D DOA estimation from (55◦ ... proposed method, the CCM method based on ESPRIT (CCM-ESPRIT) [15], MUSIC [2] and the joint SVD (JSVD) in [8] is conducted along with the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB) [20 ] The signals considered herein...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 19:20

... year student of English DHSANH08A Class, at Foreign Language Department, Dong Thap University 2. 2 .2 The participants of the study 2. 2 .2. 1 The students 24 There are 427 students ( 320 males and 107 ... proposal (1/11 /20 11 – 31/ 12/ 2011) Step 2: Contacting the participants (30/01 /20 12 – 12/ 02/ 20 12) Step 3: Carrying out the research methods (05/03 /20 12- 24/03 /20 12) The process of research methods is shown ... learning and teaching /θ/ and /ð/? (2) What phonemes the students replaced /θ/ and /ð/ with? (3)What solutions to the problems for both teachers and the students? 2. 2 Research participants 2. 2.1 The...

Ngày tải lên: 27/07/2014, 02:01

... [1] was designed with a few objectives in mind: first, the limitations of the wireless communication channel needed to be addressed These include low bandwidth by the standards of the modern Internet ... must be enclosed within and tags Within this pair, cards are created by the and tags As well as the two standard attributes ( id and class), the card element can have ... incorporated into the WSP [13] and push and is included in the capability negotiation described in Section 2. 8 Chapter will describe in greater detail push services implemented in WAP 2. 9 .2 Wireless...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 21:20

... Chaves and Pereira, 19 92; Tschaplinski et al, 1993; Tyree and Alexander, 1993) Under drought conditions, osmotic adjustment on the one hand and growth and Quercus robur In the present study, we ... elevated CO on leaf osmoregulation, the depressing effect of drought on growth was not alleviated as has been proposed (Chaves and Pereira, 19 92; Stulen and Den Hertog, 1993; Tyree and Alexander, ... seedlings of five tropical trees grown at ambient and elevated CO Oecologia 79, 21 2 -22 2 Reid CD, Strain BR (1994) Effects of CO enrichment on whole plant carbon budget of seedlings of Fagus grandifolia...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... diluted sample was incubated with 1 .25 × 106 Figure Three novel biomarkers of liver fibrosis, A2M, VDBP and ApoAI, appear on the location of 1 62 kDa, 52 kDa and 28 kDa in the 2D- DIGE gels Observably ... vitamin D and 25 -hydroxyvitamin D Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1975, 72: 2076 -20 80 25 Bouillon R, Auwerx J, Dekeyser L, Fevery J, Lissens W, De Moor P: Serum vitamin D metabolites and their binding protein ... protein (VDBP) and apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI) are down regulated in hepatic fibrosis serum (Fig 2D, Fig 2E and Fig 2F; Table 2) Meanwhile, we noticed that A2M protein had a series of adjacent spots...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... active and passive movement Strain rate records the change of length per time unit 2- 6 Previous studies using TDI or 2DST demonstrated a reduction of the myocardial deformation indices 2DS and SR ... A´), 2DS and SR We employed the ASE recommendation of a 17 segments model for our research to examine MRI and Echo data 18 The observer defined the endocardial border manually and placed regions ... tissue velocities (S´, E´, A´) derived from 2DST and deformation markers (2DS, 2DSR) were compared intra-individually to the MRI findings The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:15

... p-value 71 (29 )/ 1 02 (23 ) 90 (23 )/ 1 02 (24 ) 97 (25 )/ 106 (22 ) 93 (24 )/ 107 (22 ) 0. 02 71 (16)/101 (23 ) 0. 02 0.03 0. 02 94 (22 )/101 (23 ) NS 0.008 94 (23 )/106 (21 ) 0.0008

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:34