transposons structured rna loci and convergently transcribed genes

... fragments of the 5¢ end labeled and folded PRE-ISS wild-type RNA, which was cleaved by RNase T1, RNase V1 and RNase A The T1 seq and A seq lanes represent RNase T1 and RNase A sequencing markers, ... of the PRE-ISS RNA RNase T1, RNase V1 and RNase A signals are superimposed on the secondary structure Triangles, diamonds and ellipses represent signals for RNase T1, RNase V1 and RNase A, respectively; ... control (B) PTB RNAi and overexpression in HEK293T cells RNAi and overexpression of PTB were carried out using a PTB1-specific shRNA and a PTB1 cDNA expressed from pSuper-neo and pcDNA3, respectively...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... in a single-stranded state, and a few RSs can form a DNA RNA duplex with the RNA substrate recognition domain of DRc DNAzyme RNase A cleaved ssRNA and RNase H specifically FEBS Journal 277 (2010) ... Authors Journal compilation ª 2010 FEBS 2547 An RNA- cleaving and DNA-cleaving DNAzyme D Jiang et al hydrolyzed RNA in a DNA RNA duplex We speculated that this difference between RNase A and RNase ... with RNase H, RNase A was better suited as a ‘positive’ effector We used a simple and invasive method to reversibly modulate the DNA cleavage rate of DRc DNAzyme with RNA substrate and RNase...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 15:20

... strand, and the sequences AA AGAAAAG () 651 to ) 643), AAAGAAAAG () 725 to ) 717) and GAAGACATT () 849 to ) 857) are present in the negative strand Given that the caspase-8 and caspase-10 genes ... promoters of the caspase-1, caspase-8 and caspase-10 genes and altered the expression of these genes The FEBS Journal 274 (2007) 3886–3899 ª 2007 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2007 FEBS 3895 ... caspase-10 (178 bp) genes; and the lowermost panel shows bands (315 bp) corresponding to b-actin (loading control) FEBS Journal 274 (2007) 3886–3899 ª 2007 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2007...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 10:20

... miRNA genes, and to the prediction of new mRNA targets Results and Discussion New potential human and mouse microRNA precursors The entire set of human and mouse precursor and mature miRNA sequences ... Orthologous human and mouse miRNAs thus reside either in introns of orthologous genes, and ⁄ or in conserved synteny with surrounding genes Human miRNA precursors that reside in introns of known genes Eighty ... FEBS miRNAs reside, in the sense orientation, in a longer form of the AY358799 mRNA, and might regulate the translation and ⁄ or stability of the mRNA AK125996 67 New human and mouse microRNA gene...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20

... (forward) and 5¢-GCCTCCAGCTTCCCTACACTT-3¢ (reverse) 18S Ó FEBS 2003 Vitamin A status and proliferative control genes (Eur J Biochem 270) 1495 rRNA was simultaneously amplified and used as an internal ... taken and processed immediately Retinol and retinyl palmitate were measured in serum and tissues following the method described by Barua and Olson [16] Differential display analysis Liver RNA was ... amplified and sequenced (Fig 1) The first clone of  0.8 kb had 100% homology to part of the rat p53 cDNA and could hybridize to a 1.6-kb mRNA in total cellular RNA from rat liver The band detected...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... expression of CAD and ICAD genes in both DT40 and E2A)/), i.e the CAD mRNA level decreased by h but thereafter increased to the control level by 24 h, and the ICAD mRNA level FEBS Journal 276 (2009) ... caspases and caspase-regulating factors Total RNAs were extracted from PMA/ionomycin-treated DT40 and E2A)/) (clone 1) at indicated times up to 24 h, and then the mRNA levels of appropriate genes ... On the other hand, in both DT40 and E2A)/), the caspase-6 mRNA level was decreased gradually by PMA/ionomycin treatment by 24 h, and the caspase-10 mRNA level was increased by h and thereafter...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 04:20

... radiation (50 kV, 40 mA) and a scan speed of 0.5°/min in h–2h mode The divergence, anti-scatter and receiving slits were fixed at 1o The crystallite size of AlFn(OH)3Àn (n = 1.5, 1.62 and 1.65) was calculated ... bath for 30 and collecting the fragments on holey carbon copper-supported grids Nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms were recorded at 77 K using an Accelerated Surface Area and Porosimetry ... coalesced tubes for h growth and capped tubes for h growth and above, the latter two observations being similar to the morphology before acid treatment, as in Fig 5b and c The capped tubes indicates...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... bacteria and eukaryotes ranging from yeast to humans, and they are implicated in virtually every cellular process involving RNA These include transcription, ribosomal biogenesis, pre-mRNA splicing, RNA ... ATP binding and hydrolysis, for RNA binding and for RNA unwinding This prompted us to characterize its biochemical activities and compare them to yeast eIF4A LeIF protein has an RNA- dependent ... either the 5¢ or 3¢ end of the RNAs (Fig 4A) It was previously shown that RNA ⁄ DNA duplexes are substrates for RNA helicases as long as the single-stranded region is RNA; it functions as the initial...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

... years Working with RNA is no longer the ogre it used to be! References 1, Wyatt, J R and Tinoco, I J (1993) RNA structure and RNA mnction, in The RNA World (Gesteland,R F andAtkins, J F., eds.),Cold ... weight bands (0.1-0.3 kb) may be visible corresponding to the small rRNA or tRNA populations The major cellular RNA species comprise 28s and 18s ribosomal RNAs (rRNA), which appear as defined bands ... consists mainly ug of rRNA and in smaller amounts of a variety of low-mol-wt RNA species These RNAs are of defined size and sequence The ability to isolate clean, intact, and DNA-free RNA is a prerequisite...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:30

... ribosomal RNA precursors are transcribed by Pol I, protein-coding genes and some small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes are transcribed by Pol II, and 5S and tRNA genes are transcribed by Pol III Each ... Goodrich, J L Chen, and R Tjian, Genes Dev 7, 2235 (1993) 116W Wang, J D Gralla, and M Carey, Genes Dev 6, 1716 (1992) 117p M Lieberman and A J Berk, Genes Dev 8, 995 (1994) 118H Ge and R G Roeder, ... consists of 5S genes containing a tripartite internal control region or ICR, class consists of t R N A genes containing internal block A and B elements, and class consists of Pol I I I genes such...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:30

... Biogenesis: Assembly and Targeting (Prokaryotes, Mitochondria, and Chloroplasts)] Edited by SIDNEY FLEISCHER AND BECCA FLEISCHER VOLUME98 Biomembranes (Part L: Membrane Biogenesis: Processing and ... Acids and Amines (Parts A and B) Edited by HERBERT TABOR AND CELIA WHITE TABOR VOLUME XVIII Vitamins and Coenzymes (Parts A, B, and C) Edited by DONALD B McCORMICK AND LEMUEL D WRIGHT VOLUME ... PERLMANNAND LASZLO LORAND VOLUME XX Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis (Part C) Edited by KIVtE MOLDAVE AND LAWRENCE GROSSMAN VOLUME XXI Nucleic Acids (Part D) Edited by LAWRENCE GROSSMANAND KIVIE...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:30

... Biology and Genetics (Part A) Edited by Chandan K Sen and Lester Packer Volume 353 Redox Cell Biology and Genetics (Part B) Edited by Chandan K Sen and Lester Packer Volume 354 Enzyme Kinetics and ... methods in enzymology xxxix Volume 317 RNA Ligand Interactions (Part A: Structural Biology Methods) Edited by Daniel W Celander and John N Abelson Volume 318 RNA Ligand Interactions (Part B: Molecular ... Genetics and Molecular and Cell Biology (Part B) Edited by Christine Guthrie and Gerald R Fink Volume 351 Guide to Yeast Genetics and Molecular and Cell Biology (Part C) Edited by Christine Guthrie and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:30

... Biology and Genetics (Part A) Edited by Chandan K Sen and Lester Packer Volume 353 Redox Cell Biology and Genetics (Part B) Edited by Chandan K Sen and Lester Packer Volume 354 Enzyme Kinetics and ... considered that interactions with DNA and RNA might limit the range of sliding For example, base pairing between DNA and RNA and interactions between RNA and polymerase would keep the polymerase ... downstream boundary of the ternary complex (DNAþRNAP RNA) is diffuse and is pushed upstream at higher exonuclease concentrations The quaternary complex (DNAþRNAP RNA NTP) is more resistant to...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:30

... http://www.targetscan.org/ and miRBase Targets http://microrna.sanger.ac.uk Gene and MicroRNA Expression Quantitative PCR To validate the microarray analysis, genes and microRNAs were selected for ... Germany) and amplified into antisense RNA (aRNA) as previously described [11] Also total RNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells pooled from six normal donors was extracted and amplified into aRNA ... reference and test aRNA were isolated and amplified in identical conditions to avoid possible interexperimental biases Both reference and test aRNA were directly labeled using ULS aRNA Fluorescent...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... Virology Journal 2005, 2:86 http://www.virologyj.com/content/2/1/86 A 16000 14000 no vRNA no vRNA [ 35 S] CTP (cpm) 12000 vRNA vRNA 10000 vRNA + 3CD vRNA + 3CD pro (3Cpro H40A) 8000 vRNA + 3C vRNA + ... (pfu/µg vRNA) 1.E+07 1.E+06 vRNA vRNA vRNA + 3CD(3C proH40A) vRNA + 3CDpro 1.E+05 pro vRNA+3CDpro (3C(3C vRNA + 3CD R84S/I86A) R84S/I86A) vRNA ++ 3CD(3Cpro H40G,3D pol R455A/R456A) 3CDpro vRNA (3D ... fraction # B vRNA + SDS vRNA + SDS 6000 155S [ 35 S]methionine (cpm) 5000 vRNA vRNA 4000 vRNA + 3CD pro(3Cpro H40A)+ SDS vRNA + 3CD SDS + 3000 vRNA + 3CD 3CD vRNA +pro (3C pro H40A) 2000 vRNA + 3CDpro...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... CSD, two loci within the RNA- dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and the HSP70 homologue (HSP70h) genes were extensively sampled from CTV populations infecting three trees – two with CSD and one without ... Journal 2008, 5:9 binant mosaics in different trees strongly suggests that at least three of the RdRp recombinants (RM1, RM3, and RM5) and four of the HSP70h recombinants (HM1, HM2, HM4, and ... (permutation test p-value < 0.001 for all tree and loci comparisons), the populations of both the RdRp and HSP70h sequences in trees C3 (with CSD) and C6 (without CSD) were substantially more similar...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... anticoagulant tubes, and plasma aliquots were stored frozen at -80°C HIV contained in plasma and vaginal secretion supernatant samples was collected by centrifugation and virion-associated HIV-1 RNA copies ... RNA/ mL Low Plasma RNA Levels < 1,000 copies HIV RNA/ mL High Vaginal RNA Levels > 500 copies HIV RNA/ sample Low Vaginal RNA Levels < 100 copies HIV RNA/ sample ART Use < 200 CD4+ T lymphocytes/ul ... identify viral and clinical factors associated with vaginal X4- or R5-like genotypes, we evaluated plasma and vaginal viral levels, ART use, and CD4+ T lymphoctye counts using Chi-square and Fisher's...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... miRNA target site identification, determined that LATS2 is regulated by miRNAs 372 and 373 [29] Increased expression of these miRNAs led to down regulation of LATS2 and to tumorigenesis The miRNA ... results in an “illegitimate” interaction of miRNA and 206 with the myostatin mRNA [39] Mutations that yield such interactions between mutant mRNA and miRNAs are called “Texel-like.” The authors performed ... Drosophila Notch target genes by GY-box-, Brd-box-, and Kbox-class microRNAs,” Genes & Development, vol 19, no 9, pp 1067–1080, 2005 J G Doench and P A Sharp, “Specificity of microRNA target selection...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... cells and induces antibody production by B cells IL-13 is a T-cell-specific cytokine that has a 30% protein homology with IL-4, and it stimulates proliferation and differentiation of B cells and ... of B cells and induces IgE and IgM production The role played by these genes in RA susceptibility and severity is not clearly established An IL-4 variable number tandem repeat has been associated ... disease, and that this was independent of other risk markers such as HLA-DRB1 and autoantibodies [12] In this study we examined the potential role of IL-4, IL-13 and IL-4R SNPs in RA susceptibility and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:23