... during their convergence due to topology changes They can be avoided by applying a sequence of metric (the state of link) on the changed link so that the networks can adapt step by step with the ... des modifications du protocole (oFIB : ordered FIB update)[1], soit des rejets des paquets (LISF : Loops through Interface-Specific Forwarding ) [16] L'idée d'oFIB est que si les FIBs sont mis ... pas de boucle dans le réseau oFIB ordonne les routeurs dont le FIB est dans un arbre et si les fils de l'arbre actualisent avant leur père, les boucle seront évitées oFIB modifie OSPF pour que...
... forestier, Office National des Forêt, Techniques et Documentation, Lavoisier, Paris, 1997 [6] Duplat P., Perrotte G., Inventaire et estimation de l’accroissement des peuplements forestiers, Office ... de dendromètres, Rev For Fr 49 (1997) 59–63 [10] Reynolds M.R., Burk T.E., Huang W.C., Goodness -of- fit tests and model selection procedures for diameter distributions models, Forest Sci 34 (1988)...
... 3.8) The high input from litter (80% ofthe total input) was linked to the high annual litterfall (1 100 g.m of crown coverage) and to the particularly high concentration of -2 calcium in the ... (1972) On the relation between pH and the chemical composition in atmospheric precipitation Tellus 24, 551-560 Guha M, Mitchel RLV (1966) The trace and major element composition ofthe leaves of some ... dans bois de pin dAlep In : Ecol For Gauthiers-Villars, 75-97 Rapp un (1984) The monthly cycling of nutrients stand of Pinus pinea L, Dept Ecol Environ Res 13, 261-291 Rapp in M a F (1968) Contribution...
... reductase activity of nonmycorrhizal Douglas fir rootlets and some associated mycorrhizal fungi Plant Soil 54, 395-398 Jones JM, Richards BN (1977) Effect of reforestation on turnover of N-labelled ... Nadelhoffer KJ, Aber JD (1984) Seasonal patterns of amonium and nitrate uptake in nine temperate forest systems Plant Soil 80, 321335 Nommik H (1981) Fixation and biological availability of ammonium ... Bowen GD (1981) Approaches to nutritional physiology In Productivity in perpetuity Proceedings ofthe Australien forest nutrition Workshop Canberra Australia, 79-91 Bormann FH, Likens GE (1979)...
... initial image The use of one or more of these contrasts can create shapes and structure by choosing a new arrangement that consists ofthe fragments The artist finds that the proposals are even ... which includes the following steps: extracting image features, representation of images as descriptors vectors, clustering of these vectors by the K-mộdoids algorithm and then using the classification ... alộatoires v Abstract The PermutoPainter projet is based on the research ofthe artist Bernard Gortais who has developed in his latest paintings Random Arrangement presented at the Keller Gallery...
... portent sur l'ajout de services supplộmentaires, pộriphộriques une offre centrale, qui peut ờtre une offre de bien tangible ou une offre de service Cela peut ờtre une possibilitộ de rộserver un produit ... frộquemment quil soit impossible de normaliser les offres des diffộrents fournisseurs dun mờme service ou mờme dộtablir une certaines similitude des services offerts par un mờme vendeur Par exemple, un ... BIBLIOGRAPHIE 83 REMERCIEMENT Je voudrais, dabord, exprimer ma profonde gratitude Monsieur le Docteur Nguyen Dong Phong, mon professeur tuteur qui ma donnộ de conseils et suggestions trốs prộcieux...
... reassessment ofthe SERVQUL scale”, Journal of Retailing, Vol 67 No.4, pp 420 – 50 17 L’assurance est ce qui crée la confiance des clients par la connaissance, l'expertise, le service professionnel, ... étrangères de joint-venture au Vietnam Indovina bank Bank of Vietnam - Russia ShinhanVina Bank VID Public Bank Bank of Vietnam - Thailand Bank of Vietnam - Laos ANNEXE LES ÉTAPES DE LA NOTION INTERNE ... définit pas les services bancaires, on ne déclare que les activités bancaires sont les activités offrant souvent une ou plusieurs d’opérations suivantes: recevoir des dépôts, fournir des crédits...
... bois, la pâte et les papiers, Centre technique du papier, 2e éd., 1989 [13] Vroom K.E., The “H” factor : A means of expressing cooking times and temperatures as a single variable, Pulp Paper Mag Can ... (◦ SR) situé entre 37 et 45 ◦ SR ; – Tirage de formettes de g l’aide d’un appareil Frank Rapid Köthen de laboratoire La teneur en soude non consommée a été déterminée par dosage conductimétrique ... bloc méridional au Maroc, Thèse Engref, Nancy, France, 14 Janvier 2002 [6] Gierer J., Chemistry of délignification Part General concept and reactions during pulping, Wood Sci Technol 19 (1985)...
... basaltique en forêt d’Azrou, Ann Rech For Maroc 30 (1997) 90–98 [4] Elderton W.P., Johnson N.L., Systems of frequency curves, Cambridge, University Press, 1969, 216 p [5] Lejeune P., Construction d’un...
... 251–256 [13] Pawlicki N., Welander M., Influence of carbohydrate source, auxin concentration and time of exposure on adventitious rooting ofthe apple rootstock Jork 9, Plant Sci 106 (1995) 167–176 ... 238 (1993) 23 [4] Brenan J.P.M., Present taxonomy of four species of Acacia (A albida, A senegal, A nilotica, A tortilis), in: Manual on taxonomy of Acacia species, FAO, Rome, 1983, pp 1–45 [5] ... Plant Physiol 121 (1985) 175–180 [6] Duhoux E., Dommergues Y.R., The use of nitrogen fixing trees in forest and soil restoration in the tropics, in: Les arbres fixateurs d’azote et l’amélioration...
... Booker R., Astley R.J., Modelling the elastic properties of softwood Part I - The cell-wall lamellae Part II - The cellular microstructure, Holz als Roh- und Werstoff 56 (1998) 37-50 [10] Keller ... séchage, gélivure ) Références [1] Barkas W.W., Wood water relationships, VI The influence of ray cells on the shrinkage of wood, Trans Faraday Soc 37 (1941) 535-547 [2] El Amri F., Contribution ... thèse Engref, 1998 [4] Farruggia F., Perré P., Microscopic tensile tests in theof earlywood and latewood parts of spruce, dans Wood Sci Technol (1999) transverse paraître plane [5] Gibson L.J.,...
... to the selection of these clones did not erase the high natural variability due to provenance and progeny-within-provenance levels (iii) For the following selection steps, results point to the ... discussed (i) The reduction with time ofthe total height clonal heritability may reflect nursery effect, or express changes in genetic regulation of growth from nursery to plantation sites (ii) The preliminary ... 0.32, 0.56 and 0.63 respectively for the localities, and genetic variance represented 13-22% ofthe total variance Flushing, studied on sites and during the spring of 1986, exhibited a clonal heritability...
... gen Microbiol 27, 509-520 Pearson V & Read D.J (1973) The biology of mycorrhiza in the Ericaceae Isolation ofthe endophyte and synthesis of mycorrhizas in aseptic culture New Phytol 72, 371-379 ... Gianinazzi-Pearson V (1982) Ultrastructural aspects of endomycorhizas in the Ericaceae III Morphology ofthe dissociated symbionts and modifications occurring during their reassociation in axenic culture Plant ... & M.J (1978) Effect of mycorrhizal status of Avocado seedlings on root rot caused by Phytophtora cinnamoni Plant Soi149, 433-435 Hattingh Mosse B (1962) The establishment of Vesicular-arbuscular...
... the estimation of crown parameters is of greater importance than the stem slope In order to describe twisted trees (trees and 9), one must make further measurements mechanics of standing trees ... that of compressive ones, even in apparently equilibrated trees The schematization is adequate for the first two groups: right and vertical trees and tilted ones (fig 5, trees 1-7), and the estimation ... Nancy (1988) Dendromộtrie e ed, Yamamoto H, Okuyama T, Iguchi M (1989) Measurement of growth stresses on the surface of a leaning stem Mokuzai Gakkaishi 35, 595-601 ...
... 153-192 SHIMA O C., 1952 Genetic analysis ofthe dimorphism Serv., 26, 116 PETIT C., 1958 Le dộterminisme gộnộtique Drosophila melanogaster Rio Bull Biol Fr of color pattern in D psychophysiologique ... Drosophila RISCOE melanogaster females Genetica, 47, 73-76 AMAZAKI Y T., 1971 Measurement of fitness at the esterase-5 locus in Drosophila pseudoobscura Genetics, 67, 579-603 ... sombre et claire ont ộtộ extraites de cette souche partir respectivement de 200 et 150 lignộes isofemelles B Mộthodes Analyse de populations expộrimentales Des cages populations sont constituộes...
... the states ofthe control region, they are linear but the coefficients depend upon the level of intracellular inducer Two linear equations yield the rates of synthesis ofthe proteins, they involve ... and the control region ofthe operon (operator and promoter), and the biological activities ofthe proteins encoded by the structural genes (permease and (3-galactosidase) The biosynthesis of these ... expected to depend on the numerical values ofthe parameters, which are not always known with good accuracy The mathematical analysis ofthe structural properties ofthe model, and of their possible...
... formation PhD thesis, Universit´e du Maine, 2007 [El-Kecha¨ı 07b] Na¨ıma El-Kecha¨ı & Christophe Despr´es Proposing the underlying causes that lead to the trainee’s erroneous actions to the trainer ... fonction du rˆ ole) then c’est une ressource correcte (le phenotype Mauvais objet n’apparaˆıt pas); 2.3 else 2.4 if ressource en cours ∈ ressource(s) correctes (en fonction du plan) then 2.5 l’effet ... les actions possibles `a r´ealis´er par l’IA et l’Officier Pour le personnage IA, ce sont : Attendre, V´erifier et LeverDrapeau Le personnage Officier poss`ede les deux actions suivantes : Ouvrir...
... easily distinguish them from the other sounds) According to the scope ofthe training course, our work concentrates on the analysis ofthe acoustic indices ofthe occlusive consonants These consonants ... point of view, the object of our training course is to analyze the exits of this system to check if the sounds recognized by this system have or not discriminating acoustic indices (it mean : the ... studied in contexts different ofthe vowels The result of this study shows that there are differences between the well-realized sounds and badly-realized sounds The consonants which are well-realized...
... images Moreover, we developed the part ofmanagementofthe configurations for the posters, the comments ofthe images, delivered costs and the print orders of posters ofthe users Key words: Art, ... we used the software Cameleo of Caldera for the functions of conversion of formats, compression and restitution ofthe digital images that provide the numerical impressions We analyzed the module ... WebCollection of Cameleo in order to carry out an interactive kiosk of consultation of art work This kiosk makes it possible to the users to seek the images and to create the posters starting from the...