towards a selfextending parser
Towards a combined product - process approach TO DEVELOPING BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE WRITING SKILLS FOR ENGLISH MAJORS IN HAIPHONG UNIVERSITY
Ngày tải lên :
07/11/2012, 14:31
... will have a clear idea about the organization of a particular text. And what’s more,
the Product Approach understands that imitation is one way in which people learn. It has
contributed greatly ...
standard of rhetorical style, accurate grammar, and conventional organization.
The Product Approach to writing usually involves the presentation of a model text, which is
analyzed and the basis ... Genre Approach were reviewed and
their advantages and drawbacks were drawn out so that suitable writing techniques can be
picked up and inappropriate ones can be avoided. Based on the above...
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Tài liệu The 60 Minute Network Security Guide (First Steps Towards a Secure Network Environment) ppt
Ngày tải lên :
14/02/2014, 08:20
... stop many
attacks against Windows systems. In general, take a “deny all” approach for network
routers and firewalls initially, then add ports as necessary. Microsoft Knowledge Base
Article ... Acrobat, database servers (e.g. SQL
Server, Oracle), media players (e.g. Windows Media Player, RealPlayer), BIND and
Sendmail.
UNCLASSIFIED
6
UNCLASSIFIED
Scenario 1
If the organization can only ... exposed via
Tools/Options/Preferences. Click on E-mail Options and enable Read all standard mail in
plain text and Read all digitally signed mail in plain text.
UNCLASSIFIED
9
UNCLASSIFIED...
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Tài liệu Towards a conceptual reference model for project management information systems ppt
Ngày tải lên :
18/02/2014, 07:20
... outlined
above by introducing a very fundamental data structure
called Initiative (Fig. 3). An initiative is a generalization
of any form of action that has a defined start and end date
and is unde rtaken ... rtaken to reach a goal. Therefore, an initiative
may be a program, a project, a sub-project, a pro ject phase,
a work package, an activity or a task (indicated by the
inheritance relationship between ... Their feasibility, profitability, and strategic impact
are analyzed so that a final decision can be made regard-
ing their implementation (Idea Evaluation). This phase
ends with a formal go/no-go...
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Tài liệu TOWARDS A EUROPEAN UNFAIR COMPETITION LAW A Clash Between Legal Families docx
Ngày tải lên :
19/02/2014, 04:20
... specific laws relating to unfair competition rather than by
piecemeal legislation;
2. states and international organisations accelerate the harmonisation of laws relating to unfair
competition based ... unfair competition law and it involves an
assessment of the laws of three Member States of the European Union as well as
International and European law. Unfair competition law is such a broad area ... the harmonisation of unfair competition law as far as it has been reached
under International and European law. Finally, I will draw conclusions as to the feasibil-
ity of harmonising unfair competition...
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Tài liệu Film Cool: Towards a New Film Aesthetic ppt
Ngày tải lên :
19/02/2014, 07:20
... significant amount of attention from film and cultural theorists), theory
relegates an examination of popular cinema as far from a conventional aesthetic approach to
art as it possibly can. The ... this analysis:
one, that in fictions like Psycho, camera and diegesis are logically incompatible, so that
diegetic space and camera space read as a non-continuum, and, two, that most spectators ... (London:
Neville Spearman, 1967), 23.
34
See E. Ann Kaplan, “Classical Hollywood Film and Melodrama.” In American Cinema and Hollywood:
Critical Approaches, ed. John Hill and Pamela Church Gibson...
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Tài liệu Towards a framework for the study of the neural correlates of aesthetic preference pdf
Ngày tải lên :
19/02/2014, 17:20
... (2004); K & Z: Kawabata and Zeki (2004); C-C et al: Cela-Conde and
colleagues (2004).
382 M. Nadal et al.
the neuroanatomical correlates of aesthetic preference for paintings” (Vartanian and
Goel, ... (dorsolateral), Kawabata and Zeki (2004)
(orbitofrontal) and Vartanian and Goel (2004) (anterior cingulate) was associated
with positive ratings. Additionally, in the study by Cela-Conde et al. ... beautiful images, was most active after a reward and decreased its
activity after punishment, whereas the activity in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex
increased after punishments and decreased...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Towards a Computational Treatment of Superlatives" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
20/02/2014, 12:20
... IS -A relation that holds between target and
comparison set (cf. Relation 2 in Section 3). They
68
are a good initial focus for a computational ap-
proach because both their target and comparison ... that their sys-
tem represents a powerful way of dealing with su-
perlatives computationally, a closer inspection of
their approach, and in particular of the gold stan-
dard data set, reveals ... su-
perlatives have mainly focused on particular se-
mantic properties that may only rarely occur in
natural language (Szabolcsi, 1986; Heim, 1999).
My goal is a comprehensive computational
treatment...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A CONNECTIONIST PARSER FOR STRUCTURE UNIFICATION GRAMMAR" docx
Ngày tải lên :
20/02/2014, 21:20
... Categorial Grammar, Lexi-
cal Functional Grammar, and Head-driven Phrase
Structure Grammar.
An SUG grammar is a set of partial descrip-
tions of phrase structure trees. Each SUG gram-
mar ... In
Lawrence Davis, editor, Genetic Algorithms and
Simulated Annealing, chapter 11, pages 141-
154. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, Los Altos,
CA.
Shastri, Lokendra and Ajjanagadde, Venkat
(1990). ...
The grammars which are supported by the parser
are a subset of those for Structure Unification
Grammar. These grammars are for the most part
lexicalized. Each lexicalized grammar entry is a
rooted...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "TOWARDS A THEORY OF COMPREHENSION OF DECLARATIVE CONTEXTS " docx
Ngày tải lên :
21/02/2014, 20:20
... THE ACCOUNT NUMBER, A i OR -I (INDICATING
A DEPOSIT OR WITHDRAWAL, RESPECTIVELY), AND THE
TRANSACTION AMOUNT, IN DOLLARS AND CENTS. THE LAST
REAL TRANSACTION IS FOLLOWED BY A DUMMY TRANSACTION ...
Perrault, R. and Allen F. A Plan-Based Analysis of
Indirect Speech Acts. American Journal of
Computational Linguistics, v. 6, n. 3, 1980.
42
TOWARDS A THEORY OF COMPREHENSION OF DECLARATIVE ... Example 1
An instructor records the name and five test
scores on a data card for each student. The regis-
trar also supplies data cards containing a student
name, identification number and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Modelling Early Language Acquisition Skills: Towards a General Statistical Learning Mechanism" potx
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 02:20
...
for cepstral mean normalisation (CMN) and cep-
stral mean and variance normalisation (CMVN).
Stage 2: A local-match distance matrix is then
calculated by measuring the cosine distance be-
Speech
... lan-
guage and building a lexicon, whereas grammar
is learnt via non-statistical methods later on. Sei-
denberg et al. (2002) believe that learning
grammar begins when statistical learning ... of the
CELL approach is that it assumes speech is ob-
served as an array of phone probabilities.
A more radical approach is Non-negative ma-
trix factorization (NMF) (Stouten et al., 2008)....
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Tài liệu TOWARDS A LIVESTOCK SECTOR STRATEGY pdf
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 05:20
... Arab Emirates. The UAE has an annual demand for 1.2–1.5 million cattle and small
ruminants per year. Livestock are imported from Iran, Pakistan, India and Australia as well as
from Somalia. ... both Somalia and Ethiopia. The
area has 14 species of endemic mammals and birds of which half are threatened. Somalia also
harbours important populations of Grevy’s zebra, Hamadryas baboon and ... the Saudi
Arabia market is the reduced export value as prices in Yemen, Oman and the UAE are not as good
as those formerly received in Saudi Arabia.
SOMALIA: Towards a Livestock Sector Strategy...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A PROBABILISTIC PARSER" pdf
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 09:20
...
of a particular set of constituents or word-
166
appear).
Francis, W.N. and Kucera, H. (1964), "Manual
of Information to Accompany a Standard Sample
of Present-Day Edited American English, ... A PROBABILISTIC PARSER
Roger Garside and Fanny Leech
Unit for Computer Research on the English Language
University of Lancaster
Bailrigg
Lancaster LAI 4YT, U.K.
ABSTRACT
The UCREL team ... T-tags to an
entry, they are given in approximately decreasing
likelihood and rare T-tags are marked as such.
The treebank of manually parsed sentences can
now be used to extract information...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "TOWARDS A DICTIONARY SUPPORT ENVIRONMENT FOR REAL TIME PARSING" potx
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 09:20
... to
domain knowledge already encoded in the knowledge
base of a limited domain natural language
application such as a database query system. Given a
hand-coded hierarchical organization of ...
The Mental
Representation of Grammatical Relations,
The MIT
Press, Cambridge, Mass, pp.173-281
Kay, M.(198 4a) 'Functional Unification Grammar: A
Formalism for Machine Translation', ... compact or elegant printed
entry. In addition to the 'noise' generated by the fact
that we are working with a typesetting tape geared to
visual presentation, rather than a database,...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "TOWARDS A CORE VOCABULARY FOR SYSTEM A NATURAL LANGUAGE" potx
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 10:20
... (;ci'many
lhnaih !,1'~!! at I)! ll)iBM I.BITNI'71'
ABSTRACT
The desire to construct robust and portable na-
tural language systems has led to research
on
how a core vocabulary ... here
allows for a balanced extension of this very smaU
core. The list//3 was chosen as the statistical core
vocabulary serving as a base for applying se-
mantic criteria, becat, se the overall ...
relate to semantic criteria?
3. What semantic criteria can be found to de-
fine a core vocabulary?
Definitions of a core vocabulary
"l:here are several ways
to
define core
vocab,lary,...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Ambiguity resolution in a reductionistic parser" pot
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 10:20
... in a compact way. We also compile each
grammar rule into a finite state automaton. Each
rule automaton can be regarded as a constraint that
accepts some readings and rejects some.
For example, ...
preposition
APP
Apposition
@> ;A
QA<
AD -A, head follows
AD -A, head precedes
397
Ambiguity resolution in a reductionistic parser *
Atro Voutilainen & Pasi Tapanainen
Research Unit ... regarded as a roundabout partial statement
about the form of a noun phrase: a determiner is fol-
lowed by a premodifier or a noun phrase head, so all
morphological readings that cannot act as...
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