toward high efficiency leds and solar cells

... multicrystalline and 24.4% monocrystalline silicon solar cells Appl Phys Lett 1998, 73:1991-1993 Schultz O, Glunz SW, Willeke GP: Multicrystalline silicon solar cells exceeding 20% efficiency Progress ... Research and Applications 2004, 12:553-558 Suwito D, Jäger U, Benick J, Janz S, Hermle M, Glunz SW: Industrially Feasible Rear Passivation and Contacting Scheme for High- Efficiency nType Solar Cells ... density p max and the hole density p Figure shows, that high compressive stress correlates with lower recombination activities along the lines of high compressive stress and that high tensile...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... processed solar cells and suggested that the high efficiency observed for the solution processed bilayer solar cells is due to the enormous exciton quenching present in the bilayer solar cells (also ... as dye sensitized solar cells, perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells There is a lot of research that is being carried out on them to increase their device efficiencies and life times Figure ...  15   TYPES OF SOLAR CELLS    16   CRYSTALLINE SILICON SOLAR CELLS    17   AMORPHOUS SILICON SOLAR CELLS    19   DYE SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS   ...

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 10:11

... CASTING Cast mc-Si solar cells END PART-II CONCEPTS OF HIGH EFFICIENCY SILICON SOLAR CELLS (LOSSES IN SOLAR CELLS) LOSSES IN SOLAR CELLS • THERMODYNAMICAL • OPTICAL • ELECTRICAL Solar Radiation ... DIFFERENT COMPONENTS Burried Contact Silicon Solar cells Green et al (1988) High Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells (for normal sunlight: 1sun) These cells have effective BSF ( d/L

Ngày tải lên: 27/01/2016, 16:11

... pressures and ATBRs shows an optimal electric efficiency at highest ATBRs, and a higher pressure within the pressure ranges considered and as seen as achievable The increase in electric efficiency at higher ... supply of gasification Moderate char and tar content High heating value (10e15 MJ N mÀ3) H2 rich biosyngas (>50% by vol) High heating value of the biosyngas High H2 and CO, low CO2 in the biosyngas ... and methane are higher in the anode gas and also in the anode product gas This result in higher concentrations of the combustible products at the combustor inlet and therefore, a higher air flow...

Ngày tải lên: 02/08/2016, 09:35

... of the machine, high reluctance in the quadrature axis and low reluctance in the direct axis It is now well known fact that RSM output increases with high Xd and low Xq (i.e high Xd/Xq) The reluctance ... design is to have a high saliency ratio (Ld/Lq) accompanied by a high (Ld-Lq), i.e a high Ld and low Lq Finite element package is employed to compute the flux distribution and inductances The ... distribution of magnetic and non-magnetic materials can result in high saliency ratio and also high (Ld-Lq), a pre-requisite for improved performance The inductances and the performance of one...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:30

... performance of stand‐ alone conventional and inverted organic solar cells, and a further discussion about optimiz‐ ing organic tandem solar cells by considering the current matching of the sub -cells At ... multi-junction solar cells are studied by the authors InGaAsN is a candidate material to realize ultra -high efficiency multi-junction solar cells because this ma‐ terial has a band gap of eV, and the ... of solar cells, mounting, single or dual-axis tracking to improve performance of the sys‐ tem, and high- efficiency solar cells[ 14] Theoretical maximum efficiencies of multi-junction solar cells...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20

... we expect the SiNWs solar cells to show improved optical properties compared with conventional planar Si solar cells Fig 2(a) shows the photograph of the fabricated SiNWs solar cell The surface ... fabricated SiNWs solar cell was measured by solar simulator under AM 1.5 (100 mA/cm2) Fig shows the typical dark and light I–V curve of the SiNWs solar cell Clear rectifying behavior and power generation ... [4] and that of the homo-junction SiNWs solar cell [5] As can be seen in Fig 3, poor I–V characteristics in dark and light conditions were observed It is due to the high series resistance and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:12

... market structure and interest rate spreads and margins (Claessens, Demirguc-Kunt and Huizinga, 2001; Barajas, Steiner and Salazar, 2000; Demirguc-Kunt, Laeven and Levine, 2004) and find a positive ... cross-bank than cross-time variation in spread and thus high degree persistence in spreads and margins Demirguc-Kunt and Huzinga (1999) and Demirguc-Kunt, Laeven and Levine (2004) use large cross-country ... (Barclays, Grindlays, and Standard) until 1965 when the government decided to transform the Uganda Credit and Savings Society (UCSS) into Uganda Commercial Bank (UCB) in order to expand credit services...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 23:20

... (c-Si) solar cells and thin-film silicon solar cells Wafer-based c-Si solar cells dominated the PV market in 2008 with an overall share of 87%, and feature a high module efficiency of 12 to 20% and ... Development status of highefficiency HIT solar cells Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 95, 18–21 (2011) [12] Fuhs, W., Niemann, K., Stuke, J.: Heterojunctions of amorphous silicon and silicon single ... HIT solar cells 2.4.2 Research Results of Heterojunction Silicon Solar Cells The high performance and low-temperature processing of Sanyo HIT solar cells have attracted interest of companies and...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 23:53

... as an absorber layer in p-i-n junction solar cells, InGaAsN as a promising material for high efficiency multi-junction tandem solar cells, InP in solar cells with semiconductorinsulator-semiconductor ... Soltanpour and Khadije Khalili Chapter 19 Organic Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells Based on Poly(p-Phenylene-Vinylene) Derivatives Cigdem Yumusak and Daniel A M Egbe 231 Chapter 20 357 Towards High- Efficiency ... Organic Solar Cells: Polymers and Devices Development 433 Enwei Zhu, Linyi Bian, Jiefeng Hai, Weihua Tang and Fujun Zhang 415 Contents Chapter 21 Conjugated Polymers for Organic Solar Cells Qun Ye and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... technology more attractive and smart7-12 Classification of solar cells Author has made an effort to classify the available solar cells Fig Classification of Solar cells Organic solar cells are discussed ... camera and the solar cells offers the potential to analyse wide variety of solar cells 7.4 Fill factor The quality of solar cells is measured in terms of fill factor The fill factor for a ideal solar ... been investigated for fabrication of solar cells at high deposition rates (0.9 to 2.0 nm/s), such as hot wire CVD, high frequency and microwave PECVD, , and expanding thermal plasma CVD Parallel...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... 1990) High- efficiency solar cells for unconcentrated (Milanova et al, 1999) and concentrated solar cells (Andreev et al, 1999) have been fabricated by low-temperature LPE The record conversion efficiency ... single-gap cells currently In multijunction solar cells based on III-V heterostructures, better spectrum utilization is obtained by stacking several solar cells These cells have achieved the highest efficiency ... Polymer-based solar cell materials and manufacturing techniques 66 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions are suitable and applicable for flexible and non-transparent textiles, especially tapes and fibers,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... Krueger, M (2011) Efficiency enhancement for bulk-heterojunction hybrid solar cells based on acid treated CdSe quantum dots and low bandgap polymer PCPDTBT Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol ... solar cells, band gaps, and the offsets between donor and acceptor LUMO levels of the donor materials Fig (a) J-V characteristics of the best solar cells fabricated from blends of P3HT:CdSe and ... further enhancing the performance of hybrid solar cells (down) 102 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Pyridine ligand exchange is the most commonly used and effective postsynthetic procedure...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... polymer films and high- efficiency polythiophene: fullerene solar cells, nature materials 5(3): 197–203 Krebs, F (2009) Fabrication and processing of polymer solar cells: a review of printing and coating ... Nanomorphology and Performance of Polymer-Based Solar Cells Relation Between Nanomorphology and Performance of Polymer-Based Solar Cells 139 19 5.1 Power conversion efficiency and current-voltage ... Polymer-Based Solar Cells Relation Between Nanomorphology and Performance of Polymer-Based Solar Cells 141 21 Fig 16 Changes in light absorption (a) and photoluminescence (PL) (b) and External...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... Homojunction Cuprous Oxide Solar Cells Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol 93, No.1, (January 2009), pp.153-157, ISSN 0927-0248 Hu, F.; Chan, K.C & Yue, T.M (2009) Morphology and Growth of Electrodeposited ... Production of Cuprous Oxide, a Solar Cell Material, by Thermal Oxidation and a Study of Its Physical and Electrical Properties Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol.51, No.3-4, (February ... tropical and rainforests are being 188 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions cut down for different purpose and by different reason and some of the forest are being burned for slash and burn...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... Intermediate-Band Solar Cells Semiconductor Superlattice-Based Intermediate-Band Solar Cells EIB IB CB FC FI G FV Load Fig Model of the band structure of a solar cell with intermediate band The terminals ... performance of solar cells The proposed concepts include, among others, third-generation devices such as tandem cells, hot carrier cells, impurity photovoltaic and intermediate-band cells (Green, ... O’Regan, B., and M Grätzel 1991 A low-cost, high- efficiency solar cell based on dyesensitized colloidal TiO2 films Nature 353: 737-740 208 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Oremland, R.S.,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... principle, manufacturing techniques, and characterization of organic solar cells as well as polymer based organic solar cells and studies about nanofibers and flexible solar cells will be given In the ... Pin (3) 264 Solar Cells New Aspects and Solutions 2.4 Flexible organic solar cells Solar cells generally developed on rigid substrates like glass and suffer from heavy, fragile and inflexible ... c, and conditions d and e in Table 1, respectively) increased photocurrent density (jSC) and fill factor (F.F.), and thus increased the conversion efficiency (S) of solar cells (Fig 11b, and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... results, for light transmission, absorption and loss in fiber-based organic solar cells using ray tracing 276 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions and optical path iteration A patent was developed ... W.; Gong, X & Cao, Y (2010) Polymer solar cells: Recent development and possible routes for improvement in the performance Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol.94, No.2, pp.114–127, ISSN ... Y (2009) Bandgap and Molecular Level Control of the Low-Bandgap Polymers Based on 3,6Dithiophen-2-yl-2,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4-dione toward Highly Efficient Polymer Solar Cells, Macromolecules,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... the device and therefore higher 338 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions current generation Currently III-V multijunction cells have shown to have the highest collection efficiency Efficiency ... (a) lattice-matched solar cells and (b) metamorphic (lattice-mismatched) solar cells In particular, III-V multijunction solar cells have shown the greatest progress in overall efficiency The broader ... that solar energy has been competing with fossil fuel energy sources Small in size High Efficiency Solar Cells via Tuned Superlattice Structures: Beyond 42.2% 339 highly efficient solar cells...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... 342 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions tandem solar cells and moderately efficient organic based photovoltaic solar cells (Sean and Ghassan, 2005; Currie et al., 2008) The technology and ... an ideal heat -solar engine with a very high efficiency and without additional function of low efficiency heat engine Therefore, high efficiency solar cells should be designed as solar- heat engine ... material for high efficiency a-Si solar cells, Solar Energy Mater Vol 6, pp 299-315 356 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Tian, B., Li, F., Bian, Z., Zhao, D., & Huang, C (2005) Highly crystallized...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20