tissue engineering of organs brain tissues

... pathological accumulation of collagen in tissues, represents a major global disease burden In the field of tissue engineering, periimplantational fibrosis is a bottleneck that often leads to implant ... functions by way of the excluded volume effect (EVE) and is often referred to as the “volume of a solution that is excluded to the center of mass of a probe particle by the presence of one or more ... Fibrogenesis Tissue Repair 2009, 2(1):7 11 2.1 Fibrosis—ubiquitous problem and global burden Repair of damaged tissues is an essential biological process to allow directed replacement of dead or...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:52

... number of patients needing an organ transplant far exceeds the supply of donor organs and tissues available This severe organ shortage led to the inception of Tissue Engineering Tissue Engineering ... proteins and new tissue formation Hence, the properties of the scaffolding materials are crucial in determining the success of many tissue engineering applications The general tissue engineering paradigm ... Chapter 1: Introduction The design of biomaterials is important in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine Since the development of tissue engineering scaffolds, there is a need...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:10

... the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the National University of Singapore under the supervision of Professor Teoh Swee Hin and Associate Professor Hong ... and elongation (λ) of all types of PCL films (Page 52) Table 4.1 Thermal and optical properties of PCL (Page 67) xi List of Figures Fig 2.1 Comparison of moduli of elasticity of biomaterials [15] ... Current applications of biomaterials for tissue engineering (TE) involve the combination of a scaffold with cells and/or biomolecules that promote the repair and regeneration of tissues These TE...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:36

... 1.2 Tissue- Engineering Scaffolds The main goal of tissue engineering is to produce new tissue where it is needed Therefore, knowledge of the structure and functional limits of the regenerated tissue ... (1998) Frontiers in Tissue Engineering Pergamon, Oxford, UK, p 700 22 Nerem, R M and Sambanis, A (1995) Tissue engineering: from biology to biological substitutes Tissue Engineering 1, 3–13 23 ... (1991) Tissue engineering by cell transplantation using degradable polymer substrates Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 113, 143–151 32 Hubbel, J A (2000) Biomimetic materials, in The Art of Tissue...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2014, 11:11

... diffractometer Radiation of Cu Ka at 30 kV-15 mA was used with a 2θ increment rate of 3°/min The scans ran over a range of 2-40° 2θ with a step size of 0.02° and a step time of s The powder samples ... route of delivery of the nanosuspension of DCU was tested and was found to be suitable for future PK/PD studies The findings confirmed our previous hypothesis and strongly support the use of SC ... delivery of DCU via intravenous (IV) infusion route was explored Similar to oral delivery, IV delivery of DCU was limited by the poor aqueous solubility of DCU The poor aqueous solubility of DCU...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 03:20

... the direct delivery of the DNA of interest to the pulpal/periodontal tissue, or the isolation of a small amount of gingival tissue from the patient, transduction/transfection of the DNA at chairside, ... Identification of the type of cementum produced is also a vital component of the evaluation of any successful periodontal regenerative procedure There are four principal types of cementum [55,56] ... the initial formation of both dental and periodontal attachment tissues In short, this approach is intended to mimic the normal biological process that occurs as these tissues are formed early...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 23:22

... by the density of the condensation [19] Technical aspects of the micromass technology In the context of tissue engineering, ex vivo tissue generation may be optimised by the use of cell re-aggregation ... suggested that after in vivo transfer of such reaggregates, tissue healing is improved in sense of a repair tissue that mimics the features of the original skeletal tissue [1,24] Especially preclinical ... as most promising in skeletal tissue engineering by some researchers A recently elaborated approach in extracorporal tissue engineering is therefore the avoidance of non-degradable scaffolds,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 23:22

... Potential applications of PHIs in tissue engineering As reviewed in chapter 1, clinical applications of engineered tissues are currently limited mainly to thin or avascular tissues due to a difficulty ... tissue engineering refers to the subset of regenerative medicine approaches that involve the design of tissue substitutes These tissue substitutes, henceforth referred to as “engineered tissues , ... survival, and the diffusion limit of oxygen in tissues is only 100 to 200 µm, tissues beyond this thickness require a network of blood vessels for adequate delivery of oxygen and nutrients [16, 17]...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:11

... experiment consists of typical steps like: • • • • • Development of a control process model Design and programming of a first simple control Calibration of sensors and actuators Conception of performance ... the editorial board of the journals Space Technologie and Control Engineering Practice Prof Dr-Ing Hubert Roth is Chair for Control Systems Engineering at the University of Siegen in Siegen, ... operator Identification of problems due to limited sensor characterisation of the environment Combination of remote control with autonomous obstacle avoidance Selection of an appropriate sensor...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 15:20

... cancer; brain MRI consistent with BM(s); to BMs; age < 80 years; Karnofsky performance status (KPS) ≥ 70; RPA < III; total volume of BM ≤ 40 ml and no previous cranial RT The presence of extracranial ... the end of VMAT Statistical analysis OS and PFS were calculated using the Kaplan Meier method [17] Recorded events were death (all causes of Page of death included) and local and distant brain ... been raised by the use of classical methods of statistical computation [23] Further research regarding the prognostic value of health-related QoL is justified in the framework of future prospective...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... vitro development of lung tissue constructs composed of primary lung cells has been developed For example, the development of a tissueengineered model of human bronchiole consisting of primary cells ... differentiation of stem/progenitor cells, it is necessary to down-regulate production of Sox2 (important for branching of airways) Page of [85] and consider the application of tissue- specific ... introduction of new, efficient, and promising technologies for regeneration of tracheal and other defects in the lung tissues will increase along with the constantly rising number of people suffering...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... exogenous stimulation and mimics infection of lymphatic tissues, one of the major sites of viral Page of 13 replication in vivo [28] To study the effect of the S52A change in Vpu on HIV-1 replication ... Page of 13 Figure Mutation of S52A impairs Vpu-mediated degradation of CD4 and tetherin (A) Western blot analysis of Vpu expression in lysates of transfected 293T cells (B) FACS analysis of CD4 ... efficient release of HIV-1 particles in the presence and absence of Vpu did not express detectable levels of tetherin (Fig 2B) Of note, macrophages expressed markedly higher levels of tetherin than...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:22

Ngày tải lên: 21/08/2014, 10:51

... 1.4 Bone Tissue Engineering 1.4.1 Limitations in Bone Tissue Engineering 1.5 Importance of Vascularisation 1.5.1 Vascularisation in Bone Tissue Engineering ... Choolani, SH Teoh The importance of continuous hypoxic exposure for the culture of human fetal mesenchymal stem cells in bone tissue engineering applications 3rd Tissue Engineering and Regenerative ... Tissue Engineering Strategies: Focus on Coculture Systems Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 2012 Nov 19 doi: 10.1002/term.1617 Yuchun Liu and Swee-Hin Teoh Development of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:16

... TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No Acknowledgements i Table of Contents ii Summary (Abstract) vi List of Figures ix List of Tables xi List of Abbreviations xii LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Neovascularization in Tissue ... Advantages of Using PHi in Tissue Engineering 105 CONCLUSIONS 108 REFERENCES 111 v SUMMARY (ABSTRACT) Neovascularization and fibrosis are two challenges in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering ... viability and function of implanted tissue engineered constructs and biomaterials Slow neovascularization can compromise delivery of oxygen and nutrients to cells in the interior of a tissue construct;...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 08:18

... layer of the periosteum is a 3D layer comprising of highly fibrous tissues and vascular network, hence mimicry of this layer would require 3D integration of cells and scaffold Modifications of the ... Summary A vast body of literature shows that the electrospinning technique offers unique advantages in the production of tissue engineering scaffolds compared to other methods in terms of simplicity, ... failure of tissues or organs due to injuries or diseases remain one of the most complicated and costly medical challenges Conventional treatments usually involve surgical restoration, tissue or...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:24

... lack of suitable organs, tissue engineering has emerged as a potential solution Tissue Engineering (TE) is a multidisciplinary field concerned with the construction of living, functional tissue ... submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate Program in Bioengineering at the National University of Singapore under the supervision of Professor Lee Chuen Neng, Professor Teoh Swee ... Chapter Introduction 1.1.1 Classical Tissue Engineering Early work on tissue engineering focused on guided tissue regeneration (also known as in situ tissue engineering) , where acellular polymeric...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:49

... field of bone tissue engineering for an ideal bone substitute 1.1.3 Strategies in BTE Tissue engineering is the restoration, improvement, maintenance and substitution of damaged tissues and organs ... about 5000, second step of degradation will commence The rate of chain scission and weight of polymer decreases as a result of the formation and removal of short chains of oligomers from the scaffold ... ratio of collagenous to noncollagenous stands at 9:1 This is in stark contrast with other tissues consisting of only 10% collagenous proteins (Gokhale et al., 2001) High strength and rigidity of...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 11:18

... degree of Master of Engineering in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the National University of Singapore under the supervision of Professor Teoh Swee Hin and Dr Alvin Yeo No part of this ... sections respectively 1.1.1 Bone tissue engineering Loss of human tissues or organs is a devastating problem that can affect individuals of all ages Bone, a complex living tissue that provides internal ... as scaffolds for tissue engineering 2.2.1 Degradation of PCL polymer Degradation behaviours of scaffolds play an essential role in the engineering of new tissue, as the rate of degradation is...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 11:18