thermodynamical characterization of the contact sublayer

... from the anoxic tank, and the amount of sludge was adjusted to 9.4 % of total MLSS per day Ozonation was performed twice a week, and then the supernatant of the ozonated sludge was flowed into the ... the sewer line is lower than those in the UCT processes In sequencing batch reactors (SBRs), the PURs are higher than the others (Table 1) These high PURs were due not to the differences in the ... mg/L of SS, 55–80 mg/L of TOC, 45–55 mg/L of T-N, and 4.0–5.5 mg/L of T-P Other details are shown in the related study (Kondo et al., 2009) Sampling was performed once efficient - 156 - Journal of...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... the deciduous effect of the respective parts of Z japonica The δ13C in the roots and rhizomes seems to be larger than the δ13C in the leaves and stems For the same species of seagrass, when the ... (LCFAs) These standards were used to obtain 56 kinds of fatty acids Therefore, the contents of each fatty acid were calculated based on the quantity of lipid, the content ratios of all the fatty ... we think that the characteristics of the fatty acid structure in the leaves and stems differ from those of the roots and rhizomes because the content of the fatty acid 18:3n3 in the leaves and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... the inner part of the membranes As shown in Figure 4e, many big aggregates appear in the middle part of the PVDF-PS membrane The hydrophobic property of PS polymer promoted the formation of these ... Thermal analysis of the PVDF-SPS composite membrane The TG analysis curve is presented in Figure for the investigation of the thermal stability of the PVDF membrane, PVDF-PS membrane, and the PVDF-SPS ... decomposes The swelling is due to the degradation of the cross-linking structure of the membrane in the H2O2 solution [33] The decomposition rate is larger than the swelling effect after 60 h The result...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:11

... wavelength of 1.540600 Å The X-ray data was collected using an MBraun curved PSD with a chamber depth of cm The focal radius of the system was 57 mm, and the cm length of the PSD subtended ∼25° 2θ of the ... however, the assignment of component polymorphs to sample mixtures depended on the XRPD results Conclusions Interconversions of the Polymorphs of Disodium Salt The interconversions of polymorphs of the ... anhydrous thermal event Form I to Form II melt of Form II Form I to Form II melt of Form II loss of water melt of Form I Form I to Form II melt of Form II loss of water melt of Form III melt of Form...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 03:20

... unclear whether these cytokines are produced by CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg or whether they induce the production of these cytokines from another population of cells [20] To date, our knowledge about the different ... important in the generation of the correct class of antibodies by B-cells, and for the elimination of extracellular pathogens, such as helminths and other extracellular parasites [2] Th17 is the most ... providing further evidence of their identity Multiple alignments of the zebrafish t-bet, stat6 and foxp3 amino acids with their vertebrate homologues revealed regions of high conservation These regions...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... For the fraction of substrates that undergo the reaction, the resultant products dissociate from the ribozyme relatively slowly on the time scale of the reaction Furthermore, dissociation of the ... to (if not the same as) the role of the xG in the second step of self-splicing [4856] This suggests that the guanosine to be excised is likely binding to the GBS of the ribozyme for the exon-ligation ... appears that there is room for improvement in terms of the rate of reaction This would be benecial not so much in terms of the rate of the overall reaction, as the cleavage reaction is not the limiting...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... analyses of the predicted amino acid sequence showed that the C-terminal half of the RepA of the pIT3 plasmid is sequence-similar to the helicases of the phage-encoded superfamily III proteins The ... the two-metal-ion mechanism of both RNA and DNA synthesis [17] In a previous study, we reported the findings of an analysis of the complete sequence of the cryptic plasmid pIT3 isolated from the ... [14] The side-chains of the first pair of residues, i.e K135 and R148, matched almost exactly; those of the second pair were in close proximity The R148 residue of the Pfu-primase is part of a...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... Results The C-terminus of isoform of the PM H+-ATPase of A thaliana (AHA1) interacts with the first 88 amino acids of PPI1 [22], indicating that the PM H+-ATPase binding site of PPI1 is localized therein ... downstream of the first 88 amino acids of PPI1 may participate in the interaction with the H+-ATPase and makes PPI1588His6 a suitable tool to study the mechanism of action of PPI1 The analysis of the ... PPI1588His6 The analysis of the effect of PPI1588His6 on the dependence of PM H+-ATPase activity on the concentration of MgATP (Fig 3) showed that stimulation decreased with the increase of PPI1588His6...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20

... Presumably, their homologues SNO2, SNO3, SNZ2 and SNZ3 complement the defect The relationship of all of these genes remains to be clarified Expression and purification of Sno1p and Snz1p In light of the ... by the complex of Sno1p with a His-tag and Snz1p The reaction was carried out in mL of 50 mM Tris/HCl, pH 8.0, in the presence of 1–10 mM glutamine and 50 lg of the complex, at 30 °C for 10 The ... feature of the genes SNO1 and SNZ1 is that they act simultaneously in the stationary phase of yeast cells [8] They are assumed to participate in the metabolism of nucleotides In this context, the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... value of LMWC is due to the release of GlcNAc and GlcNAc-rich oligomers as some of the products An examination of DA values indicates that the total DA of the products is equal to that of native ... the ordered structure This is probably due to the decrease in the DA (Table 1) of LMWC, which results in lower degree of hydration of the molecule affecting the crystallinity index and thus the ... depends on the conformation of the primary -OH group (C6) in a favorable orientation [33] The shift of the same to 1458 cm)1 in the LMWC would probably indicate a change in the environment of primary...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... activities of the MAPEG family are not present in these species or that these activities are catalysed by other enzymes The absence of MAPEG members in archaea is certainly consistent with the lack of ... with the program fuzzpro from the emboss package The degree of unambiguousness was defined as the fraction of member ranked higher than the first occurring non-member 1697 Characterization of MAPEG ... most of the bold amino acid residues are found within the MGST1 family, supporting evidence for the pike form to belong here A dendrogram is shown to the left of the alignment, calculated from the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... of PH activity ‘in vitro’ Reconstitution of the complex from the purified fractions was studied by investigating the overall PH activity in the presence of variable amounts of each component The ... equilibrium As shown in the inset, the progressive decrease of the molecular ellipticity at k ¼ 200 nm (the absorption region of the peptide bond) reflects the occurrence of a transition between ... PHO (abc) protomer The hypothesis of a direct PHI–phenol interaction is quite unlikely, because of the fact that the addition of phenol does not alter the emission spectrum of PHI Moreover, PHI...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... CCAAT box at 324 bp upstream of the major transcription start site The presence of a CCAAT box and the absence of a TATA box seem to be one of the characteristics of the mouse integrin a3 gene ... previously reported the structures of the mouse a3 integrin subunit gene including the exon/intron organization and the alternative exon usage for the generation of variants of the a3 subunits (a3A ... and the sets of primers listed in Table After the PCR products were digested with KpnI and SacI, the fragments were inserted into the KpnI/SacI site of Fig Structures of the 5¢-flanking region of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 03:20

... perturbation of the axial symmetry of the tensor, whereas axial symmetry, i.e gxx % gyy < gzz < is typically found for type sites The grouping of the g-values and the line-shape of the spectrum ... definition of some of the catalytic steps Binding of the various flavonols to the active site metal centre is found not to require the presence of dioxygen and occurs without formal reduction of the ... values of 2.182 and 15.5 mT (cyan circle in Fig 5), respectively The lowering of the g// value is indicative of sulfur ligation to the copper-site The recently solved X-ray structure of the DDC-inhibited...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... comparison, the amount of GroEL was determined in the same extracts using anti-GroEL Ig It has been previously shown that at the beginning of the stationary phase the rate of synthesis of heat-shock ... respectively In order to estimate the ratio between the amounts of UP12 and the total amount of protein in the extracts, a series of samples containing determined amounts of the purified UP12 were separated ... Taken together, these observations indicate that maintenance of the correct folding state of GatY in E coli probably requires the assistance of two chaperone systems The identification of UP12 as...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... components of the open set P = {det(α) > 0} of hermitian forms of positive determinant (the other components, of course, are the sets of forms of signature (p, q), p + q = n, with q even) One of the ... investigate the behaviour of the K¨hler cones Kt of the various a −1 (t), as t runs over S Because of the assumption of local fibres Xt = π triviality of π, the topology of Xt is locally constant, and therefore ... p−1 ≥ ¨ NUMERICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE KAHLER CONE 1249 In other words, the dual of the nef cone K is the closed convex cone generated by cohomology classes of currents of the form [Y ] ∧ ω...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 23:20

... Another striking difference of the MALDI-TOF spectra from the modified Fe-protein in comparison to the unmodified Fe-protein is the decreased intensity of peak 1625.4 m ⁄ z and the absence of peak ... under these conditions The strong effect of TFA on the argininespecific ADP-ribosylation might be caused by the high degree of acidity of this acid with its pKa value of 0.26 compared to the other ... spectrum is a loss of 134 Da, corresponding to the dissociation of the adenosyl-residue at the post-translational modification Although the unmodified variant of the peptide lacking the post-translational...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 02:20

... bond The occurrence of the C17 dialdehyde confirmed the novel site at the C7¢–C8¢ double bond observed with apolycopenals and implied the formation of geranial Accordingly, the GC-MS analyses of the ... MeOH solution of the HPLC-purified compound, and then incubating for 20 at 50 °C The product was then partitioned against petroleum ether ⁄ diethyl ether : (v ⁄ v) The identification of the oxime was ... depends on the nature of the substrate The cleavage of a sole double bond in the cyclic moiety of 3-OH-c-carotene and of monocyclic b-apocarotenals with different chain lengths indicates that the b-ionone...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... higher up in the gel (Fig 1B, lane 6) A subsequent incubation of the gel in DPI resulted in inhibition of the lower band only (Fig 1B, lane 8) On the basis of the size of multimers of ferritin ... and the putative subcomplex I The discriminatory effect of DPI excluded the possibility that the  2.2 MDa large complex is just an oligomer of the small form The different influences of DPI on the ... 10%Tricine-SDS gel of the 39 kDa subunit of eukaryotic complex I in the mitochondrial lysate of P serpens (A) The position of molecular mass markers is indicated on the left The immunopositive...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 09:20

... on these sequences, the evolution of the cysteine proteinases within the Caricaceae was investigated Furthermore, proteolytic enzymes were 452 purified from the latex of V · heilbornii and the ... tapped for the first time, we are not aware of the frequency of tapping in other studies These and probably several other, as yet unknown, factors affecting the activity and concentration of latex ... was chosen as the outgroup because of its low degree of similarity with the other sequences The MP tree reveals three major clusters Cluster I combines the five chymopapain isoforms of C papaya...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20