the semantics of quantifiers

... sets of lists of members of D to predicates in L, the length of a list being equal to the number of arguments in the predicate to which it corresponds; and (f} is a set of functions, the assignment ... incorporate concepts from the theory of fuzzy sets and systems. Further development of the latter of these efforts would be of particular interest in our present context, in view of work done by Zadeh ... further functions: F 2, which consists of the composition of (18vi) and F3; and FO, which consists of the composition of F 2, FI, and (181) and defines the overall function effected by the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... TotalTime. The number of inter- vals present during the total time period is calculated by dividing the total time period by the sum of the length of one incident of the action and the length of a ... is part of the representation of the primitive actions. The number of stirring events which fit in the total time period is calculated. The output consists of repetitions of pairs of the following ... duration and so the duration of the entire action is already fixed. In contrast, if the lexical aspect of the verb is a cul- mination or culminated process then the duration of the entire action...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... with the affix as head. In keeping with the I-IPSG Semant, ics Principle, the semantics of the complex word is structure shared with the semantics of the head. (Riehemann, 1993) found that ... University of Rochester. B. Mayo, M T. Schepping, C. Schwarze, and A. Zal- fanella. 1995. Semantics in the derivational mor- phology of Italian: implications for the structure of the lexicon. ... ample, the entry for "durch' can be derived from Fig. 2 by deleting all information specific to the COMPlement "eilen'. except for the value of PREFIX]DIRCII. The semantics of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 21:20

... ev- idence of state change are less approximate (say in chemistry), it is not clear that it is always one of the clauses that is performing the role of establishing the truth of the sentence. ... determine the duration of the action (2 minutes)' [ibid] (my parentheses) s . I agree that the meaning is not simply that of log- ical disjunction, but we need to examine the issue further. ... repetition of an action". The name "duration of an action" conflates the concept of the basic action and its repetition. The sepa- ration is pertinent to the view that repetition...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... string-description pairs for the nonterminal on the left-hand side of the rule, leaving all other nonterminals untouched• By taking the union of the denotations of the rules in a grammar, (which ... HFC without any notion of the NCP. Our final version of the HFC merely requires that the parent's head features be the generalization of the head features of the head children. Formally, ... Conclusion We have approached the problem of analyzing the meaning of grammar formalisms by applying the techniques of denotational semantics taken from work on the semantics of computer languages....

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:21

... it is the pri- mary information that is of interest. For example in the text of Figure 1 the matrix clauses (italicized) give the circumstantial information of the who, when and how of the ... position, namely whether the subject NP refers to the source as a sin- gle person, a group of people, or an institution. The analysis of the source NPs of seven reporting verbs further allowed us ... from the context.) The other members in the semantic fieM are set apart through their semantic collocations. Let us consider in depth the case of insist. One usage cart be found in the first...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:21

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:21

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2013, 23:53

... hypotheses of latent vectors for the definition of bank#n#1 2 Learning Latent Semantics of Definitions 2.1 Intuition Given only a few observed words in a definition, there are many hypotheses of ... are highly related to the observed words. Therefore, missing words can be used to prune the hypotheses that are also highly related to the missing words. Consider the hypotheses of latent vectors ... missing words of a sense definition as the whole vocabulary in a corpus minus the observed words in the sense definition. Since observed words in definitions are too few to reveal the semantics of senses,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20

... Here the x-axis points direction of the half- axis of the particular side of the reference axis in the DCS; and in the case of "in front of& quot; y is the perpendicular direction in the ... of the long desk is a chair. Another chair is to the left of the long desk. The chair in front of the desk is near the short desk." OTHER APPROACHES AND CLOSING REMARKS Nearly all the ... addition to the constraint on the proximity of the LO and RO, projective prepositions place a constraint on the position of the LO relative to a particular side of the RO. In the case of the intrinsic...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... on. Semantics talks about the thematic relations between parts of the sen- tence such as event, agent, theme, experiencer, beneficiary, co-agent, and so on. These two closed classes of relations ... alternatives. The algorithm for the unified process: Given: A set of feasible attachments {AI} where each Ai is a fist of the two syntactic nodes being attached, the level of syntactic preference, ... parsers. Its theory of communication and the arbi- tration mechanism can explain data that modular theories of syntax and semantics can explain as well as data that interactive theories can...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 21:20

... to the system. Dynamic model-theoretic semantics allows the evaluation of a formula to cause the addition of information to the model. This interaction of the evaluation of a formula and the ... other elements. If the expansion of the model is not properly managed, the result of the evaluation of such a formula can be wrong (i.e. inconsistent with the contents of the model). Two mechanisms ... equivalent, they would have the same element as their denotation. When an element that would distinguish the denotations of these two expressions was added to the model, the expansion of the element...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... co-occurrence The seman- tics of the combination of the entries is composi- tional. In other words, there are entries in the lex- icon for the base and the collocate, with the same senses as in the ... itself), the collocate, the frequency of the co- occurrence in some corpus, and the LSF which links the base with the collocate. Using the formalism of typed feature structures, both cases are of ... zones: the semantic zone (a semantic net- work representing the meaning of the entry in terms of more primitive words), the syntactic zone (the grammatical properties of the entry) and the lexi-...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 06:20

... approach, the characteristics of the lexical ontology MeSH, the use of a corpus to examine the problem space, the method of determining the rela- tions, the accuracy of the results, and the problem of ... paraphrasing the relation between the nouns, and seeing if that paraphrase was the same for all the NCs in the group. If it was the same, then the current levels of the CP were considered to be the correct ... grouped together, we calculated the number of MeSH senses for words at different levels of the hierarchy. Table 1 shows a histogram of the number of senses for the first noun of all the unique...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... derived by the system from the meanings of other modifiers, rather than separately acquired from the user• For example, if the meaning of the adjective "large" has been given by the user, ... MODIFIERS The job of the knowledge acquisition module of LDC, called "Prep" in Figure 1, is to' find out about (a) the vocabulary of the new domain and (b) the composition of the ... size of its argument, which is assumed to be a set; sum, which returns the sum of '.'-s list of inputs; aug, which returns the average of its list of inputs; and pct, which returns the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... Predicates In the spirit of the MRS-based analysis for the German verbs gieflen and fi,illen that we have pre- sented above, we propose that the semantic prop- erties of the arguments of one of the ... capture the semantic properties of the arguments of the most representative verb of the impingement predicates class in German, the verb schlagen (hit) in examples (10)-(12) above, we propose the ... argument of the embedded state- of- affairs. Finally, as far as direct arguments are concerned, in Koenig and Davis (2000) these are predicted to link off the value of the KEY attribute. 3.1 The verbs...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 22:20

... modification of the discourse situation, with each step taking the set of situation-types of the discourse situation, coupled with the interpretation of the utterance, to a new set of situation-types of ... speech acts can be thought of as the effects of the application of one or more inference enabling functions to the pair of sets of situation-types giving the model of the discourse (f (<s t. ... Nilsson (1971)): the correct version must be the result of the application of a series of operations, in correct order, to all previous states. The current set of situation-types of the discourse...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:21

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 18:20