... health[42] The pharmacy profession in PakistanAt the time of independence – 1947 – there was no institution offering pharmacy education in Pakistan In 1948, the University of Punjab was the first institution ... [38] also among the main contributing factors towards the lack of recognition ofthe pharmacy profession As the population is growing and there are issues of poor housing, lack of exercise, pollution, ... to the provision ofthe primary health care, especially indevelopingcountries [9,10] Their role varies in different parts ofthe world: some deal with the preparation and supply of medicines,...
... the mean ofthe other sectors (43.5) There are two possible reasons First, 17 given the important financial intermediation role ofthe banking and financial services industry in an economy, there ... when we compared the corporate governance practices score ofthe financials industry with those of all other nonfinancial industries, the financial industry (45.8) performed better in corporate governance ... Credit Institutions, 2010; (iv) The Law on Insurance Business in 2000; (v) The Competition Law in 2004; (vi) The Law on Securities in 2006 Data Our data was obtained from the 2009 Survey of Corporate...
... the mean ofthe other sectors (43.5) There are two possible reasons First, 17 given the important financial intermediation role ofthe banking and financial services industry in an economy, there ... when we compared the corporate governance practices score ofthe financials industry with those of all other nonfinancial industries, the financial industry (45.8) performed better in corporate governance ... Credit Institutions, 2010; (iv) The Law on Insurance Business in 2000; (v) The Competition Law in 2004; (vi) The Law on Securities in 2006 Data Our data was obtained from the 2009 Survey of Corporate...
... Tyco International, Arthur Andersen, WorldCom, Bernard Madoff Investment Securities… The result is loss of investor confidence in financial markets and a fall inthe market value of shares The ... Credit Institutions, 2010; (iv) The Law on Insurance Business in 2000; (v) The Competition Law in 2004; (vi) The Law on Securities in 2006 Data Our data was obtained from the 2009 Survey of Corporate ... nonfinancial industries, the financial industry (45.8) performed better in corporate governance practices than the mean ofthe other sectors (43.5) There are two possible reasons First, given the...
... inthe form of ration kits on a regular basis In other settings cost recovery is allowed to make the programs self-sustaining In some cases, the ED program is the only source of drug supply In ... performance The essential drugs program in Democratic Yemen differed from those ofthe other two countriesin that there was a training element 839 Acknowledging the inadequate number of studies ... those inthe control group Average per prescription cost was higher inthe DSD Both districts had high levels of inadequate dosing But the impact ofthe DSD scheme on these patterns of prescribing...
... countries is the increased integration ofthe informal sector into the formal waste management system instead of investing the scarce financial resources in inappropriate high tech solutions Therefore, ... activities Incineration and land filling are not part ofthe informal sector activities and therefore not discussed inthe following section The informal recycling activity indeveloping nations ... 9840238 25 THE INFORMAL SECTOR IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT INDEVELOPINGCOUNTRIES ognised as a part ofthe solid waste management system and therefore also be integrated into the planning ofthe SWM...
... that ‘there has been virtually no progress in making the internet available inthe least developed countries, especially inthe rural areas’ By including the rural population inthe group of beneficiaries ... reminding them about their medication The messages can be sent in one of three languages and in a range of styles to ensure they not become boring Ofthe 138 patients involved inthe pilot, there ... are involved inthe development or management of programmes inthe health sector indevelopingcountries It provides a ‘snapshot’ ofthe type of information and communication technology (ICT) interventions...
... pointing the time of main interventions that lead to the increase, or decrease, ofthe value ofthe indicator (Zeribi and Franco 2010) Figure shows the run chart used to monitor progress in institutionalizing ... aspects into pre-service training of health workers and in- service training of current staff Incorporate quality indicators into routine monitoring and reporting systems; add quality monitoring ... institutionalizing the use of partograph in selected health facilities in Afghanistan It includes the proportion of completed partographs over time as well as annotations indicating the timing of introducing...
... Among them is the inadequacy of human resources (HR) indevelopingcountriesInthe health sector in general, and in maternal health in particular, health care professionals are at the heart ofthe ... that the failure ofthe policy regarding traditional birth attendants is due mainly to the lack of technical legitimacy in their training, the excessive supervision required, the difficulty of ... summarized, the remainder ofthe analysis was carried out using the data extraction form and the analytical framework presented inthe following section Analytical framework The concept of "quality of...
... to continuing debate It is possible that the health of individuals in a society also depends on the degree of income inequality in that society and that the effect of distribution of income on ... as the practice of sharing mobile phones in communities Compared to the average income of its inhabitants, the cost of a one minute outgoing call on a mobile network in most non-European/U.S countries ... transmission of health information and the like [64] From a business point of view, mobile telephone companies make their profit inthe private sector They are only likely to invest in such technology in...
... to their clients The effect of such antibiotic-laced concoctions would be to accumulate inthe system ofthe recipients at sub-therapeutic doses, increasing the chances of resistance developing ... indevelopingcountries unless some basic issues are addressed Basic issues Poverty is a major factor inthe development of AMR indevelopingcountries [19] Poverty encourages the patronage of ... public messages, the integration of messages into popular shows and the extensive use of news media The choice of media - whether print or electronic through which to disseminate the information is...
... reduction inthe transfer of information and online transactions However due to a lack of infrastructure in most developing countries, theThe Electronic Journal on Information Systems inDevelopingCountries ... states: “there are insufficient numbers of people indevelopingcountries trained in appropriate technologies…training opportunities are also straining to meet needs” The low rates of literacy indeveloping ... where the focus of technology is the ordering ofthe relationship between the administration and the citizen, in setting the boundaries between the state and the market, and in ensuring of greater...
... evaded, innovating firms and firms that use formal finance are more likely to be net victims The findings point to the challenges facing innovators indevelopingcountries and the role of banks in ... perpetrator across countries? What is the role ofthe financial system in limiting the extent of underreporting of income? How banks compare with informal financing channels in curbing illegal behavior? ... to innovate in three ways They can self-finance using retained earnings net of taxes, or obtain external financing from either a bank or from informal sources Firms face a trade-off in going...
... Pact (see Turrini, Buiter, and Graf for overviews), it is new indevelopingcountriesinthe context ofthe search for an increased role ofthe private sector inthe financing ofthe infrastructure ... those findings by demonstrating the inefficiency of policies implemented by the international community and countries themselves in trying to reach the MDGs These concerns are increasingly being ... 2003) In addition, it seems reasonable to have a better sense ofthe relevance ofthe level, origin and timing ofthe financing sources for the assessment ofthe desirability of infrastructure investment...
... The flux of FDI into developingcountriesinthe world is analyzed according to main geographical areas : Developingcountriesin Africa, in Asia, in Latin America and in Europe In general, developing ... with the largest population inthe world Out of 10 most populous developing countries, of them are inthe top 11 developingcountries to attract the greatest amount FDI inthe world in 2011 Of ... Details of natural resources of all thedeveloping countries, including Vietnam, are summarized in Annex ofthe thesis -The economic openness of recipient countries Among the factors affecting the...
... for the operation and maintenance ofthe plant (factor 5) is also a subjective factor The level ofthe treatment technology chosen must be compatible with the level ofthe skill ofthe professionals ... community Main crops include: rice grown in crops; 45.2 of spring-summer cucumber; and 87.54 of other crops The number of farmer households (HHs) is 1,047 HHs, accounting to 39.6%; the remaining 60.4% ... rights, whether living today or inthe future The concept of sustainability has to be translated into the practical dimensions ofthe real world to make it operational It is vital to recognize the presence...
... Renewed interest inthe topic is a result ofthe increasing role of emerging economies in export trade (Singh 2009) In a global world, and especially indeveloping countries, the number of small firms ... difficulties in adapting products to the requirements of foreign markets in terms of customer preferences and conditions of use The main obstacle, especially inthe case of firms indevelopingcountries intending ... generally, the transfer of knowledge between the nodes ofthe network The presence of a strong social capital within the network increases the efficiency ofthe actions ofthe network, diminishes the...
... health professional in 17 of 28 countries (in five of these countries, the difference was more than seven percentage points) Another analysis found that in four of seven study countries, the proportion ... providers, the unit of analysis was the mother Selecting the woman as the unit of analysis, rather than the child, standardizes the definition of antenatal care with a skilled attendant across countries, ... within the three or five years preceding the survey Limiting the age of infants avoids problems associated with censoring Focus on the infant is appropriate when the objective is to analyze the...