... of a-synuclein incubated alone (A), in the presenceof 100 lM MPTP (B), in thepresenceof 200 lM MPTP (C), in thepresenceof 100 lM MPP+(D), in thepresenceof 200 lM MPP+(E), in thepresence ... solu-tion of ThT and the fluorescence intensity ofthe solu-tion was measured at 482 nm. Figure 4A shows the kinetics of aggregation of a-synuclein in the presence of 100 lm MPTP and the effect of 50 ... 1B shows the patternseen after the development ofthe blot. With increasein time of incubation, the intensity ofthe band for the monomeric protein decreased, whereas the bands for the higher...
... 3.5 From the point of view of economics, discounting meansthat the locally risk-free asset is chosen as the “num´eraire”, i.e. the prices of all other assets are evaluated in the units of this ... interpretation ofthe above definition is that gtis the number of units ofthe risk-free asset held in the portfolio at time t .The object ht(dT ) is interpreted as the “number” of bonds, with ... ct(E), and the equality is understoodmodulo λcQ(t, dy), the image ofthe measure λQ(t, dx) under the mappingct.Since the right-hand side of (55) is a class of equivalence, the rigorousformulation...
... undetectable in thepresenceof Mn2+. The sol-vent-exposed C-terminus of VpUcyt probably pointedaway from the surface ofthe micelle. The three amidecross-peaks originating from the hydrophobic ... of VpUcyt in detergent-free buffer con-firmed the absence of a secondary structure (Fig. 1). The presented data are the most comprehensiveaccount ofthe lack of a conformational preference of VpUcyt ... probes16-doxylstearic acid in the interior ofthe micelle (A) and Mn2+in the aqueous buffer (B) selectively attenuate distinct regions of VpU-cyt, reflecting the topology and the dynamics ofthe micelle-associ-ated...
... assay in the presence of stearate (Table 1). The good fit of Model III pro-gress curves to the experimental data supports the concept that in thepresenceof stearate the catalyticmechanism of plasmin ... parameters of plasmin in thepresenceof fatty acids. The values of kpand Kmwere determined from the amidolyticassay of plasmin activity, according to Model I, in thepresence of oleate (OA) ... N is the total number of measurement points) is presented by the numbers in boxes.Fig. 3. Comparison of three models for the catalytic action of plas-min in thepresenceof stearate. The p-nitroaniline...
... minimize the FXa cofactor activity ofthe reactionintermediate, FVaint. This facilitated the determination of loss of FVa cofactor activity during the initial stage of inactivation and minimized the ... indicating that the stimulatory effect of heparin on the cleavage atArg306 is also observed in thepresenceof FXa.Theoretically, the addition of heparin may induce the formation of a binary FXa–FXa ... phase ofthe reaction,as compared with inactivation in the absence of DEGR-FXa. Addition of 25 IUÆmL)1UFH in thepresence of DEGR-FXa stimulated the APC-mediated inactivationapproximately twofold...
... that the constitutiveexpression of this gene is controlled by Ets-1 and requires the presence both ofthe Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors. The presenceof this complex multicomponent PRD in the ... indicates the nucleotide thatis matched to the band present in the primerextension reaction on the right. The sequence of the primer is 5¢-CCTCCACCGCTCGGCAGGCAGCGAGGACGG-3¢. The laneson the right ... activity ofthe Sp1/Sp3 interaction or the Sp1/Sp3/Ets-1 interaction byapproximately 90% and 80%, respectively. Mutation of the Ets-1 binding site (mut5) also blocked the effect of Ets-1 in the presence...
... dependence for the turnover number (kcat) in the absence of excess substrate and for the turnover number (bkcat) in thepresence of excess substrate, ofthe human BuChE mutant E197Q. The solid ... hydrogen bond between the protonated histidine and the carboxylate. In this way, the ability ofthe histidine to accept the proton from the serineOc is greatly increased. Thepresenceof a short, stronghydrogen ... polarization ofthe C–O bond by the dipoles of the oxyanion hole in conjunction with the influence of aclose nucleophile like the Oc ofthe catalytic serine. The same type of adduct was observed previously...
... since Gw is the lig shared forest the set VI is the set ofthe elementary node addresses ofthe object tag grammar Go. The set of final states, F, of MG,. is the set VT. The transition ... expect the symbol below the top ofthe stack to give us the node where 3 is adjoined. If r/is not on the spine of an auxiliary tree then it is the only symbol on the stack. We now show how the ... in the tag grammar is equivalent to deciding whether theshared forest cfg obtained generates the empty language or not. Each derivation of the shared forest cfg represents a parse of the...
... froma different species [23–25]. The success ofthe series of studies shows that the stable framework structure of Fv enables the transfer of function by means of CDRreplacement.Barbas et al. ... ofthe CDR 3 loop of antilysozyme VHHfunctionalized NCS without denaturation, although the thermal stability was decreased and the affinity forlysozyme was weaker than in the original VHH. The ... demonstrating the utility ofthe grafting of functional peptides with randomized edge sequencesfor optimizing the orientation ofthe grafted peptideon a scaffold protein. In addition, when the combina-tion...
... published elsewhere. We havetherefore measured the thermodynamic parameters of RNase-A in thepresenceof these amino acids andamino acid derivatives, and values of DGD°, measuredin triplicate, ... those in the absence of sugars, i.e. Kmis decreased. On the otherhand, this change in conformation results in a decreasein kcat, the turnover number ofthe enzyme in the pres-ence of sugars, ... are coupled in thepresenceof anosmolyte. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between protein stability and activitychanges in thepresenceof a wide range of osmolytes.For...
... the resolution of the native Glu structure, but has in addition revealed the presenceof a second acarbose (substrate analogue)binding site on the surface ofthe enzyme, 25 A˚remotefrom the ... formedbetween the enzyme and Tris are the same as observedpreviously [16].In the Glu-A complex there are two acarbose mole-cules: one in the active site and the other on the sur-face ofthe enzyme ... accuracy, shows clearly the influence of cryo-cooling, which is manifested in shrinkage ofthe mole-cule and lowering the volume ofthe unit cell. In the structure ofthe com-plex, two acarbose...
... rely on the SecB pathway,because of overloading ofthe SRP pathway. The re-routing of (G-10L)prePhoE to the Sec translocon via the SRPinstead ofthe SecB pathway could be explained by the increased ... in the case of P48 cross-linked complexes and for WT prePhoE in the case ofthe TF cross-linked complexes. These amounts were set to 100%, and the relativecross-linking efficiencies ofthe other ... considered the possibility that extension ofthe a-helical structure in the signal sequence resulting from the Gly)10substitutionsaffects the targeting pathway ofthe precursor. Indeed, the mutations...
... activation ofthe iron trans-port systems [37]. Therefore, they are crucial in controllingiron storage and homeostasis in the plant cells. Otherfunctions of plant ferritins are, on the other hand, ... other hand, the activity of cytochrome creductase, still detected in thepresenceof antimycin A,could depend on thepresenceof a similar enzyme on the outer membrane of plant mitochondria [27]. ... which were thensubjected to trypsin d igestion. The intensity ofthe immuno-labeled band was lower in thepresenceofthe detergent,demonstrating that ferritin is localized inside the mito-chondrial...
... pentacarbonyl(Fe(CO)5) in thepresenceof oleic acid followed by oxi-dation [10], thermal decomposition of alkaline solution of Fe3+chelate in thepresenceof hydrazine [11], and directdecomposition of iron Cupferron ... for the synthesis ofthe Fe3O4nanoparticles, such as copre-cipitation of ferrous (Fe2+) and ferric (Fe3+) ions bybase [9], thermal decomposition of iron pentacarbonyl(Fe(CO)5) in the ... crystals. Inspired by the unique properties of the 1-D structure, much work has been concentrated on the synthesis of its nanorods [4, 5]. Fe3O4(magnetite), animportant member of spinel-type ferrite,...