the mushroom bodies and the lateral horn

... Cell Structure and Function the surface of the chromosomal mass The number of times, N, that the DNA must wind back and forth will then be related to the length of the DNA and the volume in which ... transported, and convey the molecule either to the inside or to the outside of the cell Further, if the molecule is being concentrated within the cell, the system must tap an energy source for the process ... above The units are both oriented toward one of the grooves This narrows one of the grooves on the helical DNA molecule and widens the other The two grooves are therefore called the minor and major...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 21:55

... or produced by the adrenal glands the adrenal gland itself adrenal androgen any of the C19 steroid hormones produced in the cortex of the adrenal gland, including androstenedione and testosterone ... entities are taken up by the body, where they go in the body, the chemical changes they undergo during these processes, how they are excreted, and the toxicological effects they might have ADME/Tox ... receptor sites One of these, the active site, binds the substrate; the other, the allosteric site, is complementary to the structure of another, or the same, metabolite, the allosteric effector,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/01/2014, 07:20

... significant and key players of the role in the process of esophageal carcinogenesis These events are specific molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in the regulation of the both oncogenes and tumor ... cancer and treatment plan by endoscopic and neoadjuvant therapies The alterations of specific miRNAs may further elucidate the metastatic mechanism and allow development of targeting therapy ... esophageal cancer and chapter nine on the application of recent achievements in the cell and molecular biology based targeted cancer therapy Chapter ten and eleven have briefly focused on the two especial...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 00:20

... along the gel, and are called bands The location of the bands on the gel are proportional to the charge and size of the molecules in the mixture (see Figure for an example) The intensity of the ... the target reaction, and it is the key to understanding the chemistry involved The rest of the enzyme provides the necessary scaffolding to bring the active site to bear in the right place, and ... robots These pieces are called primers The primers, the target DNA and the enzyme DNA polymerase are then combined The mixture is heated, so that the hydrogen bonds in the DNA break and the molecule...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:43

... (designated a and p) that differ from each other only in the configuration about the anomeric carbon of the ring structure The a-isomer has the hydrogen at the anomeric carbon above (and the p-isomer ... ASYMMETRY RATIO atherogenesis The development of atherosclerosis; the formation of atheromas atherogenic Having the capacity to initiate, or to increase, the process of atherogenesis atheroma A lipid-containing ... Avogadro's number, R is the RNA content of the cell in grams,/is the fraction of the specific mRNA relative to the total RNA content of the cell, and M is the molecular weight of the specific mRNA...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2014, 12:51

... confirmed the presence of GSH-PO molecules in the cytosol and the mitochondria of the retinas of the Wistar rats and RCS rats (Fig 1) The size of the GSH-PO molecule was slightly smaller in the mitochondria ... GSH-PO in the retina of both strains, with the molecules being the same as those of GSH-PO in the liver of Wistar rats (3) The difference of the GSH-PO molecules between the mitochondrial and the cytosolic ... folding, the assembly and disassembly of oligomeric complexes, protein synthesis and degradation, and the dislocation of polypeptides across cellular membranes (14) However, the mitochondria in the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 10:00

... between these two domains in form B of CooA, the only apparent interaction being between the loop between the E and F helices of the DNA-binding domain and the tip of the loop formed by/3 sheets and ... both protein ligands and CooA fails to become active (59), suggesting that activation requires the displacement of the appropriate protein ligand together with the retention of the other 42 GARY ... (D) The vicinity of the heine of the reduced form of CooA Residues 74-78 are displayed, with His-77 centered over the heme and serving as the ligand The position of Cys-75 is indicated to the...

Ngày tải lên: 05/05/2014, 16:43

... frequently in the salivary glands, breast, and mucous glands of the upper and lower respiratory tract Adenocytes The secretory cells of a gland Adenodiastasis The presence of glandular tissue ... Acrohyperhidrosis hands and feet Excessive sweating of the Acrospore A spore developed at the tip of the fungal hypha Acrotism Absence of a pulse Acrokeratosis The warty growth on the hands and feet Acrolein ... anti-arthritic agent Acrosclerosis Scleroderma of the extremities or thickening of the skin and subcutaneous tissue of the hands and feet due to the swelling and thickening of fibrous tissues O H3 C COOH...

Ngày tải lên: 12/05/2014, 17:30

... sizes of the fragments/bands You may draw a line across the band of your query and the size marker to the estimation How many fragment(s) of DNA were generated by RE1 and RE2? And what is/are the ... is up, turn off the power supply and remove the lid of the gel tank Carefully remove the gel (still on the gel tray) and place it on the petri dish provided Bring your gel to the gel doc that ... (20 points) Construct the restriction map for the DNA “T” by indicating the relative position of RE1 and RE2 and the distance between them on the circular diagram provided in the Answer Sheet An...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 17:36

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 17:41

... significant and key players of the role in the process of esophageal carcinogenesis These events are specific molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in the regulation of the both oncogenes and tumor ... cancer and treatment plan by endoscopic and neoadjuvant therapies The alterations of specific miRNAs may further elucidate the metastatic mechanism and allow development of targeting therapy ... esophageal cancer and chapter nine on the application of recent achievements in the cell and molecular biology based targeted cancer therapy Chapter ten and eleven have briefly focused on the two especial...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 10:20

... research plans and experimental results to enable them to veto or approve proposed ideas They must understand the societal and business impact of the research and the costs involved The objective ... ring closure and the shaded OH groups on the pyranose and furanose rings indicate the alternative location of the OH residues that define the a- and the b-stereochemical forms of the molecules ... forms of glucose and the furanose forms of ribose In the a forms, the OH groups on C1 and C2 are on the same side of the ring, generally depicted downward, while in the b forms the C1 and C2 OH groups...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 10:20

... studied (the putative CYP2A6 avian ortholog) These studies demonstrated for the first time the existence of the CYP2A6 human ortholog in avian species and they were the first reporting the role ... Exposure and Its Relationship with the Hepatocellular Carcinoma 107 Alessandra Vincenzi Jager, Fernando Silva Ramalho, Leandra Náira Zambelli and Carlos Augusto Fernandes Oliveira Chapter The Use ... DNA-binding protein already in the nucleus The DNA-binding protein then has to find the correct location in the targeted gene’s promoter and the region of chromatin containing the gene has to be in a...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 08:20

... stone would be the irritant, the injury the irritament [inflammation], the help an expression of the irritation called forth in the bystanders Building on this simple concept, the stone and help from ... So, the fatty acids linoleic acid (C18:2n6) and linolenic acid (C18:3n3) are essential to the animal and human organisms (Lửffler et al., 2007) Important examples of the n3, the n6, the n7 and the ... cholesterol and proteins Cholesterol crucially impacts the viscosity of the membrane The hydrophobic interactions between the sterol scaffold of the cholesterol and the acyl chains of the phospholipids...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 11:20

... or produced by the adrenal glands the adrenal gland itself adrenal androgen any of the C19 steroid hormones produced in the cortex of the adrenal gland, including androstenedione and testosterone ... entities are taken up by the body, where they go in the body, the chemical changes they undergo during these processes, how they are excreted, and the toxicological effects they might have ADME/Tox ... receptor sites One of these, the active site, binds the substrate; the other, the allosteric site, is complementary to the structure of another, or the same, metabolite, the allosteric effector,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 23:43

... strands [By convention, the AT-rich half of the DNA molecule is designated the right-hand end, and the strand transcribed from left to right is called the r-strand, the leftward-transcribed strand ... distinguished on the basis of e.g the chemical nature of the cell wall and the lipid profiles of the organisms [The system of classification adopted in the Dictionary is based on the scheme proposed ... considered in the context of classical colloid theory – in particular the theory of Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey and Overbeek (the ‘DLVO’ theory) The DLVO theory supposes that a particle which bears...

Ngày tải lên: 07/12/2015, 17:58

... trough surrounding the catalytic site.8 The trough has been likened the to the palm and fingers while the loop resembles the thumb of the right hand The loop protrudes into the trough and terminates ... produced from the dissolving pulp i.e the pure form of cotton fibre freed from all other carbohydrates The importance of xylanases is not bound to the paper and pulp industry and there are other industries ... in the fibres after pulping process Enzymatic hydrolysis of the reprecipitated and relocated xylans on the surface of the fibres apparently renders the struture of the fibre more permeable The...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 21:56

... of the Molecular Biology of Brain Tumors and the Therapeutic Implications high grade gliomas The structure and compounds of the ECM of the brain tissue have many specific differences from other ... enviro‐ ment and form it similar to the tumor tissue The process of the peritumoral invasion de‐ pends on the confrontation zone of the tumor cells and the non-neoplastic cells and ECM Glioma ... domain and cytoplasmic domain The amino terminal domain can link to the ECM components such as HA and other GAGs The stem structure domain binds the amino-terminal domain and transmembrane domain The...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20