the income distribution problem in latin america and the caribbean

... THE MICROECONOMICS OF INCOME DISTRIBUTION DYNAMICS IN EAST ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA THE MICROECONOMICS OF INCOME DISTRIBUTION DYNAMICS IN EAST ASIA AND LATIN AMERICA François Bourguignon ... particular in Latin America and the Far East); of the European Economic Association (in Venice); of the Network on Inequality and Poverty of the IDB, World Bank, and LACEA (Latin American and Caribbean ... is the covariance between the income source j (= 1, 2) and total income in the population In other words, the ratio of this covariance and the variance of total income may be interpreted as the...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... sector salud en America Latina y el Caribe: desafõos y opportunidades   [Sexual and reproductive health in Latin America and the Caribbean: challenges and opportunities] Mexico, Inter American Development ... Growth in the size and influence of civil society in Brazil since the 1980s has facilitated the positive change Increasingly democratic processes have lengthened the policy decision-making process, ... assessment of existing capacity for these functions and to help in strengthening such capacity when necessary (7) Continue building on the important role of NGOs Changes in financing and decentralization...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 16:20

... guarantees and interest subsidies The study focused on three assistance clusters in Northern Ireland (training, marketing and upgrading machinery and equipment), and two in the Republic of Ireland (marketing ... whether they were currently participating in the program; (iii) whether they had participated in it in the past and, if so, in what year; (iv) the monetary value of the incentive; and (v) how they ... through the coordinated use of a range of CORFO programs It combines training activities, innovation, infrastructure, technical assistance, and business and finance networking In 2001, the PTI financed...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 21:20

... 2008; in the V Summit of the Americas in Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago in April of 2009; in the VI CONCASIDA Conference in San Jose, Costa Rica in October, 2009; and in the Latin American and ... communities, including children, adolescents, youth, teachers, and parents Review, update and reinforce the training of educational personnel, from teaching colleges to inservice training for existing ... in adolescents and young people by the year 2015 Recommend the inclusion in these agreements for discussion in the XVIII Ibero-American Summit of Heads of State in San Salvador, El Salvador in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 21:20

... (such as mothers and children) They are administered by the The State of Social Protection in Latin America and the Caribbean Figure 1.6 21 The Share of the Formal and Informal Sectors in LAC Labor ... operate in parallel, duplicating service delivery infrastructure The absence of links between financing and productivity or quality and the The State of Social Protection in Latin America and the Caribbean ... the Elderly by Income Quintiles and Source in the 2000s Contributory, Noncontributory, and Combined Health Insurance Coverage in the Mid-2000s by Income Quintiles and Source Mandates of Pension...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 16:21

... efficiency (inputs and outpurs) in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005-8 38 Table Indicators of health care expenditures in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2005 44 Table Financial indicators ... are ranked by the average of the arithmetic rankings in all the Latin America indicators; Cuba and Haiti have been added within Latin America; Argentina, Costa Rica and Cuba are in a virtual rie; ... Perkins and Emily Morrell for arrangements_ and Valerie Hall for the editing work The author hopes that this book will help Latin America and the Caribbean, as well as other emerging and developing...

Ngày tải lên: 03/11/2014, 13:33

... “lean against the wind”: (i) raising RRs during the upswing phase of the cycle to contain excessive credit growth and the associated build up of vulnerabilities and (ii) lowering them during the downswing ... Literature on the Latin America Experience In general, there are only a handful of studies examining the recent experience effectiveness of RRs in the region.20 The analysis is hindered by the heterogeneity ... business loan interest rates and on strengthening the passthrough from policy to deposit and lending interest rates These findings, more generally support the use of RRs as a policy instrument in...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:21

Ngày tải lên: 09/03/2014, 12:20

... surprising that there has been such a resurgence of interest in analyzing the dynamics and determinants of poverty and inequality, and the relationship of policies affecting them in Latin America Introduction ... Policy in Latin America: An Introduction Stephan Klasen and Felicitas Nowak-Lehmann The causes and consequences of high inequality in incomes, assets, and many aspects of well-being in Latin America ... and central Africa and Latin America show very different results: in Latin America land inequality is largely driving income inequality, whereas income inequality in west and central Africa is...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 13:48

... necessarily linked to tax “Betterment” taxes – not easy to assess or apply in practice, especially if directly linked to the increment in value of the land – Might be directly linked to the cost ... public? Links to funding realities 28 Some Shortcomings & Criticisms Modeling Theoretical Problems – Each step quite simplified – Home-to-work focus; difficulty in capturing chained trips – Internal ... fragmentation (service/infrastructure, public/private) 13 Public Transport Pricing and Financing Two Basic Needs “doing the right thing” – provide best range of services with the resources available...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 04:20

... Income Kain & Liu (1994) Income explains >90% of HH vehicle ownership Income Elasticity: 1.06-1.16 Zegras & Gakenheimer (2000) - using 1998 data for entire RM % HH private vehicle ownership increases ... Ring Road and the Pan American Highway Two Segregated Busways – km segment and ~10 km stretch Differentiated and (in city center) segregated bus stops Metro Lines: 40 kms, 51 stations, 68 trains, ... ro includes all combinations Others 1991 Source: Sectra, 1991 50% Work Trips Walk Others Trips by Purpose Work: 36% School: 32% Other: 32% Work and school predominate during peak periods; others...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 04:20

... prevention and preparedness are Multisector and Other; banking and financial services, and business and other services are Financing and Business; and government and civil society - general and conflict, ... to Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (a) To Latin America (US$ billion) (b) To Central America and Caribbean (US$ million) CDB = Caribbean Development Bank, IDB = Inter-American Development ... flows in the wake of financial crises the debt crisis in the mid1980s, the United States rescue after the Mexican Tesobonos crisis in 1995, the Asian and dot.com crises, and the beginning of the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 06:20

... into a sort of laboratory testing the hypothesis Once the Berlin Wall fell down, the Cold War was over and the processes of democratization started in Latin America and some other countries in ... Freedom and Economic Development in Latin America 2008 Discrimination in the Media that seemed to aim at pointing out media coverage not appreciated by the executive power On the other hand, the ... committed towards the human race”2 A key author in order to understand the process of installing modern democracies and the feelings and opinions that those aroused in Europe and the Western world...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 05:20

... undertaken in understating the mechanics of MaPPs, including quantifying their impact on credit, the output gap, and thus NRIR, and investigating whether their effect is temporary or permanent The NRIR ... of the policy rate by hindering the proper functioning of the transmission channel of monetary policy (see Medina Cas and others, 2011a,b) Indeed, muted inflationary pressures and tightening financial ... Garcia-Escibano, and M Vera Martin, 2012, “Credit Growth and the Effectiveness of Reserve Requirements and Other Macroprudential Instruments in Latin America, ” Working Paper No 12/142 (Washington: International...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 14:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 14:20

... countries in the region, on the one hand, and the experience of integration into the global economy, on the other There are 13 chapters in this collection linked in varying ways to the series ... Perrotini­Hernández, Vázquez­Muñoz, and Avendaño­Vargas to the fall in investment rates (with the exception of Chile among the large Latin American economies) and the increase in the income elasticity of imports ... stabilising investment, growth and employment Ríos-Bolívar and Neme-Castillo study the relationship between international trade and per capita income in 21 countries of Latin America and the Caribbean...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... brand); the Slovak Republic (under the O2 brand); Germany (under the O2 brand); the Republic of Ireland (under the O2 brand); and the UK (under the O2 brand) The MoviStar name has been in use in ... outlets and the communication infrastructure, they also become more capable of shaping and defining the news agenda They now have immense power and influence, since they are capable of imposing the ... project in the emerging Latin American market Their strategy consisted of creating local brands instead of trying to globalize their own mobile brand, so that by 2005 the individual brands were...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 13:30

... harmonizing and amalgamating databases in order to be able to produce comparable metrics Case description Initiative origins The field of HRH in Latin America and the Caribbean reveals a broad and ... art HRH metrics in Latin America and the Caribbean, identifying metrics on specific HRH issues, promoting comparative studies and formulating new goals in the creation of feasible and concrete metrics ... completed) The preliminary findings of the literature search were collectively discussed during two in- person meetings by the members of the network, this activity being described further in the third...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... countries in the region, on the one hand, and the experience of integration into the global economy, on the other There are 13 chapters in this collection linked in varying ways to the series ... Perrotini­Hernández, Vázquez­Muñoz, and Avendaño­Vargas to the fall in investment rates (with the exception of Chile among the large Latin American economies) and the increase in the income elasticity of imports ... stabilising investment, growth and employment Ríos-Bolívar and Neme-Castillo study the relationship between international trade and per capita income in 21 countries of Latin America and the Caribbean...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20

... deficits, Latin America will continue on a sustainable growth path, especially for the building material industry • Asia heads today Holcim growth but Latin America continues generating cash for the ... Holcim in Latin America - A Rich History - A Promising Future Concluding Remarks Investor and Analyst Day 2012 16 16 31 40 © 2012 Holcim Ltd 30 Holcim Leadership journey in Latin America continues ... of Latin America in terms of size and is nearly 12% larger than Australia Peru Bolivia Paraguay Chile Uruguay Argentina Argentina accounts for roughly 13% of Latin America in terms of size and...

Ngày tải lên: 30/07/2014, 21:47