the economic way of thinking 12th edition chapter 1

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2013, 18:15

... D., (19 83) “An Analysis of the Principal- Agent Problem,” Econometrica 51: 7 - 45. Hutt, William H., (19 64) The Economics of the Colour Bar: A Study of the Economic Origins and Consequences of ... Instability," ]ournal of Political Economy 85: 11 41 -87. Becker, Gary S. and Murphy, Kevin M., (19 88) The Family and the State,” Journal of Law and Economics 3 1: 1 - 18 . Becker, Gary S., Murphy, ... illegally on the street. I calculated the likelihood of getting a ticket, the size of the penalty, and the cost of putting the car in a lot. I decided it paid to take the risk and park on the street....

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... kcal 21. 5% 13 .2% 13 .0% 19 .7% Protein 37 g 38.4 26.3 76.3 18 .1 Calcium 1 g 4.0 5.0 35.5 18 .6 Phosphorus 1 g 43.8 54.6 69.5 31. 4 Magnesium 400 mg 10 4.2 57.8 13 .5 7.5 Iron 18 mg 41. 7 10 .6 19 7.2 ... mg 680.0 70.0 12 0.0 70.0 Zinc 15 mg – – 15 3.3 15 8.0 Thiamine 1. 5 mg 8.7 – 244.7 2 01. 3 Riboflavin 1. 7 mg 67.4 – 11 2.2 13 1.7 Niacin 20 mg 47.7 – 26.0 38.9 Fig. 1. 2 A mature larva of the palm weevil, ... between the distribution of entomologists interested in biodiversity issues (the temperate northern hemisphere) and the centers of richness of the insects themselves (the tropics and southern hemisphere). Studies...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

... (Fig. 14 .11 ) and the eggs are ejected at the base of the sting. In all other cases, the eggs pass down a canal in the shaft of the ovipositor (section 5.8). The shaft is composed of three pairs of valves ... “lower lip” (Fig. 2 .10 ). The labrum forms the roof of the preoral cavity and mouth (Fig. 3 .14 ) and covers the base of the mandibles; it may be formed from fusion of parts of a pair of ancestral appendages. ... Curculionidae, the ventral surface of some tarsomeres is clothed with adhesive setae that facilitate climbing. The left side of the vignette for this chapter shows the underside of the tarsus of the leaf...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

... a vacuum cleaner). The cuticular linings of the tracheae are shed with the rest of the exoskeleton when the insect molts. Usually even the linings of the finest branches of the tracheal system ... the tracheae and is always the sole mode of gas exchange at the tissues. The efficiency of diffusion is related to the dis- tance of diffusion and perhaps to the diameter of the tracheae (Box 3.2). ... lift. In turning, the wing on the inside of the turn is reduced in power by decrease in the amplitude of the beat. Despite the elegance and intricacy of detail of insect flight, the mechanisms responsible...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

... together the array of all ommatidia provides the insect with a panoramic image of the world. Thus, the actual image formed by the compound eye is of a series of apposed points of light of different ... (section 3 .1. 1). A group of chordonotal sensilla is present and a smaller tensor muscle controls the shape of the tymbal, thereby allow- ing alteration of the acoustic property. The noise of one ... the swarm site by species- specific environmental markers rather than audible cues (section 5 .1) ; they are insensitive to the wing tone of males of their species. Neither can the male detect the wing...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

... commodus and some other insects, there are scales on the outer surface of the ovipositor tip, which are orientated in the opposite direction to those on the Fig. 5 .11 A female of the parasitic wasp ... small-horned Sexual selection 11 7 TIC05 5/20/04 4:46 PM Page 11 7 13 8 Reproduction 5 .11 PHYSIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF REPRODUCTION The initiation and termination of some reproductive events often depend on environmental ... also control the synthesis of two groups of insect hormones – the ecdysteroids and the juvenile hormones (JH). More detailed discussions of the regulation and func- tions of all of these hormones...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

... insects is the result of the large amount of yolk in the egg. The blastoderm usually gives rise to all the cells of the larval body, whereas the central yolky part of the egg provides the nutrition ... according to the nutrition they have obtained from feeding on the phloem from roots of a variety of trees. Whatever their growth condition, after the elapse of 13 or 17 years since the previous ... further discus- sion of the actions of eclosion hormone). Apolysis at the end of the fifth larval instar marks the beginning of a prepupal period when the developing pupa is pharate within the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

... (see also Boxes 10 .6 & 11 .10 ) Coleoptera undoubtedly lie amongst early branches of the Endopterygota. The major shared derived feature of Coleoptera is the development of the fore wings as sclerotized ... a view deserves further study – evidently there remain many questions in the unraveling of the evolution of the Hexapoda and Insecta. Phylogenetics 18 1 TIC07 5/20/04 4:45 PM Page 18 1 200 Insect systematics Ronquist, ... origin to the rest of the Hexapoda (see Box 7 .1) . If Collembola do belong to the Hexapoda, then they form either the sister group to Protura comprising the clade Ellipura or alone form the sister...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

... complex circulation of air through the passageways of the nest, as illustrated for the above-ground nest of the African Macrotermes natalen- sis in Fig. 12 .10 . The origin of the mutualistic relationship ... farming by leaf-cutter ants The subterranean ant nests of the genus Atta (15 spe- cies) and the rather smaller colonies of Acromyrmex (24 species) are amongst the major earthen construc- tions in ... Calculations suggest that the largest nests of Atta species involve excavation of some 40 tonnes of soil. Both these genera are mem- bers of a tribe of myrmecine ants, the Attini, in which the larvae have...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 22:20

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 15:18

... 0, (13 A .1) where U ∗ h = (1 + p h )u(c ∗ h ), h = 1, 2. Totally differentiating (13 A .1) with respect to p 1 yields (1 + p 1 ) c ∗ 1 ∂c ∗ 1 ∂p 1 = 1   (1 + p 1 ) (1 + p 2 )  ( W 11 u  (c ∗ 1 ) 2 −W 12 u  (c ∗ 1 )u  (c ∗ 2 ))  c ∗ 1 u  (c ∗ 1 ) u(c ∗ 1 ) − ... c ∗ 1 u  (c ∗ 1 )/u(c ∗ 1 ) < 1, inserting again (13 A .1) into (13 A.2), we obtain 0 > (1 + p ∗ 1 ) c ∗ 1 ∂c ∗ 1 ∂p 1 > 1, (13 A.4) as stated in the text. August 18 , 2007 Time: 10 :43am chapter1 2.tex 10 0 ã Chapter ... August 18 , 2007 Time: 11 :06am chapter1 3.tex Utilitarian Pricing of Annuities ã 11 1 Figure 13 .1. First-best allocation of utilities. while V ∗ h = (1 + p h ) u  R  H h =1 (1 + p h )  . Thus, the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 09:20