the discovery of the involvement of micrornas in human cancer

... regulatory-associated protein of mTOR rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR reactive oxygen species Beclin-1 interacting and cystein-rich containing S6 kinase Small interfering RNA soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive ... 2011) There are continuous efforts and increasing interests in uncovering the underlying mechanisms of the above functions 1.1.2.1 Anti-malaria As shown in Figure 1.1, the basic structure of artemisinin ... 2013) The underlying mechanisms of the anti-malaria function of artemisinins have been extensively studied, including: (i) inhibition the PfATP6 of Plasmodium falciparum in Xenopus oocytes, the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 08:16

... the importance of PT in the mitochondrial apoptosis, because in the absence of the hallmarks of PT, including the loss of the inner membrane potential and the rupture of the outer membrane, the ... hypoxia), and they found that the type, strength and kinetics of the target gene profiles depend on the levels of p53 in the cell, the type of inducing agent, and the cell type investigated (Wang ... JAB Janus kinase binding protein JAKs Janus protein-tyrosine kinases JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinases MAPK mitogen activated protein kinase xiv MAPKK mitogen activated protein kinase kinase MAPKKK...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:11

... alkalinity induced library The relatively lower percentage of 24 nt reads indicates that more kinds of miRNAs are involved in the response of G max to alkalinity compared with other stress conditions These ... originating from both arms of the miRNA precursors Eleven miRNAs, including Gma-m006, had a higher number of sequence reads originating from the 5´ arm than the annotated mature miRNA containing ... illustrates the 13 diversity of miRNA expression in Glycine max, revealing the presence of more miRNAs than previously known In addition, deep sequencing technologies in combination with bioinformatics...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... for determining the timing of tissue differentiation during larva period of Drosophila development and maintaining the tissue identity during the adulthood It should be noted that the human microarray ... understanding the global role of miRNAs in maintaining lineage of differentiated tissues and cells has great impact on the studies of miRNAs in cancer genetics 16 Methods Datasets used in this study The ... genes These findings strongly suggest that miRNAs play a most important role in driving tissue terminal differentiation and maintaining tissue identity rather than in determining or regulating...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 16:20

... even thousands of genes Additionally, the existing number of microRNAs, coupled with the continual discovery of novel microRNAs, suggests that they may be involved in many aspects of post-transcriptional ... differentiation in vivo Chapter challenges the dogma that animal microRNAs only target the 3’UTRs of genes This will be investigated in the context of microRNAs targeting the coding regions of transcription ... coding regions by microRNAs in animals However, it is interesting to note that other components of the posttranscriptional machinery, the RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), are known to bind all along...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 08:16

... proteins that play an important role in maintaining protein homeostasis in the cell by aiding the process of proper folding of proteins and thereby preventing the accumulation of misfolded proteins ... 2009) whereas the C-terminal domain has ubiquitin interacting motifs (UIMs) which define the specificity of the Josephin domain to cleave ubiquitin chains having linkages at Lys63 (Winborn et al, ... mRNA (b) The initial exons code for the Josephin domain in the ATXN3 protein, the rest of the exons code for the C-terminal domain with the polyQ chain encoded by the 10th exon (c) Introduction...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 10:00

... quadruplexes in the promoter region of the c-kit oncogene that is disregulated in gastrointestinal cancer cells (inhibiting c-kit expression), and telomeric quadruplexes The inhibition of c-kit expression ... A431 human epithelial carcinoma MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer UXF1138L human uterine carcinoma M14, LP, LM melanoma RHPS4b CG5 breast carcinoma Quarfloxin Quarfloxin ... selective inhibition of cell growth, with normal human cell lines being relatively unaffected; (d) senescence; (e) inhibition of telomerase activity in cells; (f) competitive inhibition of hPOT1 binding...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... difference in the C-terminal domain of TAp73c is that, owing to the excision of exon 11 during alternative splicing, it lacks most of the Glu ⁄ Pro-rich domain and the Pro-rich domain, which are ... treatment of A549 cells with increasing concentrations of the Sp1 inhibitor mithramycin A (Fig 3B), which not only interferes with the transcription of genes containing GC-rich regions in their promoters, ... lines, whereas it was significantly increased in the lung epithelial anaplastic carcinoma cell line (CALU6), in the squamous lung cancer cell lines (HTB59, HTB58, and SKMES1), in the adenocarcinoma...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 09:20

... platinum-resistant human ovarian cancer cell line CI80-13S and the platinum-sensitive human ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR They also appeared to slow the growth of the cisplatin-sensitive human ovarian cancer ... improvement in the therapeutic index of cisplatin in refractory patients by the coadministration of a repair inhibitor is limited by the multifactorial nature typical of resistant tumor cells Platinum-DNA ... twenty years there has been interest in the delivery of intraperitoneal therapy for ovarian cancer in order to maximize the efficacy and reduce the toxicity Dedrick proposed that the intraperitoneal...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... suggesting that p21 activation is independent of p53 In addition, the decrease in the expression levels of the prosurvival PIDD-C protein coupled with the increase in proapoptotic caspase-2 in p53+/+ ... investigate the cytotoxicity of DCQ in HCT116 human colorectal cancer cell lines that are either wildtype for p53 and p21, null for p53, or null for p21 to determine the role of these genes in ... detection of ATM phosphorylated on Ser-1981, and stained with PI to detect at the same time p-ATM in each phase of the cell cycle The mean of the FL-1 intensity ± SD (reflecting the level of p-ATM...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... alkylating agents by linking the alkylating pharmacophore to the DNA-affinity molecules (e.g., DNA intercalating agents, DNA minor groove binder) [7,8] In most cases, the DNA-directed alkylating ... times the initial tumor volume minus the number of days for the control group to reach the same size The mean size of tumors receiving the combination treatment was compared to the mean size of ... as the time in days for tumors to reach 10 times the initial volume in mice treated with the combination of BO-1051 and radiation minus the time in days for the tumors to reach 10 times the initial...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... loratadine alone results in Chk1 activation leading to an increase in the percentage of cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle Since Page of 12 the G2/M phase of the cell cycle is one of the ... released,” determined by dividing the density of the released DNA band by the density of the total DNA in the lane (the released DNA band plus the unreleased DNA remaining in the well) Page of 12 Cell ... explain some of the increased radiation-induced cytotoxicity observed with loratadine pre-incubation Likewise, enrichment of the cells in G2/M phase may also explain some of the increase in susceptibility...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... differences in the role of the transcription factor Pax6 in the specification of the neurectoderm - the ectodermal cells that will develop into the animal’s nervous system They determined that ... determine whether these findings implicate important species-specific differences in the regulation of organ development Charting the loss of pluripotency Fang et al also took advantage of the ... dataset they gener­ ated to compare the gene-expression profile of human embryos with that of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) maintained in culture They found that approxi­ mately 20% of the genes...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:22

... retroelements (IAPs) Together with our data, these findings highlight the difficulty of avoiding DNA contamination in clinical samples and the risk of testing contaminated samples as XMRV-positive ... data, respectively The percent neutralization was calculated as the reciprocal of infectivity, with a maximum infectivity being determined by incubation of the virus with an uninfected mouse serum ... to minimize the risk of contamination during the procedure, three individuals independently performed the nested PCR experiments using independently aliquoted DNA samples Four out of real-time...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... patients and in the ACs in each of the bins was calculated The test statistic, "number of bins in which the proportion of CD4+ cells expressing Tax was higher in the HAM/TSP patients than the ACs" ... The increase in proviral load due to arate of CTL lysis of The increase in proviral load due to a high rate of Tax expression decreases with increasing rate of CTL lysis of infected cells A theoretical ... This was done by grouping the data into bins of similar proviral load The binning algorithm used was to start from the lowest proviral load and then extend the boundary of the bin until at least...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... cough may be the result of the underlying respiratory pathology rather than the cancer The timing of the start of cough is important; any change in cough since the diagnosis with cancer or any ... comfortable having these guidelines applied in their hospital (= 4) The likelihood of using these guidelines in the reviewers’ own practice was explored with a singleitem scale ranging from = ‘not ... of clinical guidelines for the management of cough in lung cancer was deemed necessary and timely Process of guidelines development 2.1 Formation of the Task Group The Task Group was led by the...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... timing of intake as these factors directly affect the pharmacokinetics and ultimate disposition of the polyphenols within tissues In the face of equivocal results from human studies, the increasing ... carcinoma of the skin in a populationbased, case-control study of 450 older adults in Arizona After administering a detailed tea intake questionnaire and adjusting for brewing time, drinking ... 0.02) were Tea in Human Health independent of smoking status, hormone replacement therapy, coffee drinking and the addition of milk to the tea THERMOGENESIS Green tea may have thermogenic properties...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2015, 17:16

... during the cell cycle where synthesis of both cyclins B1 and B2 is initiated during the interphase and localised in the cytoplasm During the prophase, cyclin B1 migrates from the cytoplasm to the ... indirectly by p16INK4A as the latter binds and inhibits cdk4/6-cyclin D and thus maintains the tumour suppressor activity of pRb through the inhibition of E2F The loss of p16INK4A will inhibit Rb activity, ... between the INK4 family of proteins for cdk4 and cdk6 is very specific and is dependent on the presence of pRb in the cell In the absence of pRb, cyclin E expression and inhibition of cdk4-cyclin...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:53

... amino acids at the base of the first zinc finger (glycine 577, serine 578 and valine 581) which are essential for the interaction of the AR protein with the hormone response elements (HRE) in the ... between the different proteins For instance for AR and huntingtin, the poly-glutamine expansion are located within the amino terminal region, while for the atrophin is near in the Cterminus (Choong ... modulate proteinprotein interactions, raising the possibility that changes in their length during evolution could result in changes in the strength of protein-protein interactions As a number of studies...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:05

... activating different intracellular signaling and adaptor proteins ECM binding initiates clustering of integrins in the plane of the membrane and reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, which further ... regulated in patients with Kindler syndrome, an autosomal recessive skin disorder They therefore defined a family of kindlin-related proteins namely Kindlin-1, Kindlin-2 (mig-2) and Kindlin-3 (Siegel ... overexpression of the α5 subunit of integrin (O’Brien et al., 1996) These studies on integrin-mediated signaling of apoptosis in colon cancer cell line provide us with clues on the exploration of mig-2...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 22:15