the analysis of hiv dynamics using mathematical models

... photosynthesis, gas exchange of plants was measured by infrared gas analysis Measurements were performed during the first h 508 of the light phase, representing the time period of photosynthetic ... interconversion rates as a function of time of cold exposure, (b) comparison of the magnitudes of the various interconversion rates, and (c) lineup of the accessions with respect to their metabolic acclimation ... The rate of net starch synthesis (rCO2 !Starch )was deter- mined by interpolation of measured starch contents (unit: C6) and calculation of the first derivative of this function The flux rate of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20

... reflectance in the visible yet reduced reflectance in the NIR and SWIR regions of the spectrum Analysis of vegetation spectra 519 Figure Summary of F-ratio tests of significance of the variance of the ... approximation to the otherwise intractable log-likelihood function A program for the estimation of the parameters was written in MATHEMATICA® [61] since no major software package currently offers the Laplace ... which the test statistics exceeded Fr −1, at the 5% significance level were deemed to contribute significantly to the variance of a spectra The choice of r – degrees of freedom in the numerator of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:22

... failing to meet their objectives this may be because of lack of assets or that their aims are in conflict with those of other, more powerful, groups One of the key principles of the SLA is the attempt ... sub-sector Analysis of the structure of the commodity system usually focuses on the characteristics related to the Chapter number and size of firms in relation to the size of the market, the presence ... another area that is likely to be important in the economic context of the subsector analysis For example, one of the objectives of the Bangladesh study was to investigate the link between the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... lengths of the core domain either at the 5¢- or 3¢-terminus (tTG/8 to tTG/12) Fig Schematic drawing of the cloning of 12 different tTG regions Reference numbers of the amino acid residues at the ends ... residues at the ends of the cloned sequences are shown C-terminal end of the core and the nearby loop The results of the Western blotting are depicted in Fig Using His-probe, all the expressed tTG ... interpretation of the reactivity of cloned antibodies and patients’ sera The overall response of the cloned antibodies indicates that the recognized region is located in the core of tTG spanning...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 09:20

... not HIV/ AIDS per se but ameliorating the plight of both disadvantaged women and children, the current priority of the office is HIV/ AIDS The office reports to LAPCA like other ministries The ... context, the level of financing, the sources and mechanisms of financing of healthcare and HIV/ AIDS expenditures This is followed by a comparative analysis of the financial dimension of HIV/ AIDS ... assistance for the implementation of its HIV/ AIDS programmes Realising the magnitude of the impact of HIV/ AIDS, the Ministry of Finance and Planning has introduced a targeting strategy for HIV/ AIDS...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... to the lake's ecosystem The result of this model is close to the fact The content of PS exceeds allowable limit The content of other types of phosphorus increases over time Phosphorus in the ... areas of the forms of land use and the land use methods 1, 2, ,n; a1,a2, ,an: exporting coefficients of phosphorus 2) Point sources: the amount of P from sewage (P4) In the case of Bay Mau Lake, the ... model, namely: - The amount of P loads from land (P1); - The amount of P loads from precipitation (P2); - The amount of P loads from residential area (P3 ) In the case of Bay Mau Lake, the annual precipitation...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 15:20

... infected with non-B HIV- 1 subtypes Currently, the workgroup consists of investigators from 15 sites in 13 countries The goal of the workgroup is to collect and analyze a robust database of sequences ... uniform protocols, is essential to the analysis of non-B resistance This is crucial as access to antiretroviral therapy in the developing world increases within the next few years, and as migration ... Journal of the International AIDS Society 2005, 7:71 increasing data on the genotype of B and non-B viruses among drug-naive and -experienced patients Although the overall response...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... sensitivity to the system output and then which of the parameters are linearly independent The method iterates over the columns of the sensitivity matrix Z to select the column with the highest sum of squared ... sensitivity To make the adjustment of the net influence of each of the remaining parameters on the already selected parameters, all of the original columns of Z are being regressed on the column associated ... based on the model structure and the measurement data One of the benefits in integrating estimation and identifiability is the reuse of the variance generated by the UKF for the step size in the calculation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... was another factor that influenced the mobility of the ions to the membrane surface The smaller the ions the more easily they were in their mobility to the membrane surface than bulky ions The 1.0 ... the exchange sites Pot The selectivity of the membrane to some ions was given by the K A, B Pot value The higher the K A, B value examined, the higher the response of the Potential, mV electrode ... in the production of industrial chemicals, they are also useful in the production of fertilizers The source of environmental chlorides includes leaching from several types of rocks through weathering,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... 293T cells, consistent with the idea that elimination of the AUG restored the production of the virus Analysis of the amount of infectious virus produced as measured by the JC53-BL assay revealed ... was the presence of an AUG in the 5' NTR prior to the start of Gag From on our analysis, the AUG in the PBS of HXB2-Met(i) probably acted to syphon off scanning ribosomes, thus reducing the efficiency ... infectivity of this virus but at levels lower than the wild type Analysis of the PBS following replication revealed a preference for the PBS containing the mutated PBS (AUG to GUG) The results of these...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... studies, the sequence analysis of the PBS from both of these viruses at different times of culture revealed the reversion of the PBS to wild type [24] The unexpected result from our studies was the ... http://www.retrovirology.com/content/2/1/21 the RNase H domain of the reverse transcriptase was also found, although the major determinant of the stability of the PBS was correlated with the mutations in the PAS and PBS In the current ... from the gag gene of HXB2 The HpaI site is located upstream of the 5' LTR within the flanking sequence, and the BssHII site is located downstream of the PBS within the viral genome, in the proximity...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:21

... Evaluation of the accuracy of the estimates The estimates ^ti ; r2 ; r2 ; r2 ; aị of the parameters lti ; r2 ; r2 ; r2 ; aị were l ^0 ^1 ^a ^ a computed, after burn-in, as the means of the posterior ... that the mixed HMM provides a good t to the data sets simulated in this study The advantages of the HMM over other approaches are the prediction of health or disease status, the reduction of conrmatory ... assist mastitis control programs The objective of this study was to present the mathematical formalism behind the HMM methodology as it may apply to the analysis of infectious disease biomarkers...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... with the technical aspects of data import and management, and refer the interested reader to the documentation of the software package prada for a thorough discussion of these [19] Selection of ... for the different assays, each specifically measuring the phenotype of interest In the case of cell proliferation, the antibody detected the incorporation of the thymidine analog BrdU into the ... negative control The gradual nature of these types of responses supports the use of regression analysis Because the effect may deviate from linearity in the range of perturbations that we observe,...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... approach only the specification of the marginal mean vector and of the variance requires 11 covariance matrix V of the vector Y of observations Given the moment generating function of the multivariate ... and animal models on one hand, and direct and maternal effects on the other hand A simple example of that is the classical animal model In (a2! ) x! p + +pi, for the jth performance of the ith female ... being the overal incidence matrix of u Putting this formula into the inverse of W in !12!, one has here using a = = This formula exhibits the classical form (R + ZGZ’ in the usual notation) of a...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 19:22

... (2.14) The numerator of the eq.2.14 represents the number of ways of sampling k DEGs in the pathway from K observed DEGs in the microarray and the number of ways of sampling (n − k) non-DEGs in the ... depends on the correlation of the gene with the one of the two phenotypes We theref phenotype The enrichment score is the maximum deviation from Moreover, in the permutation test the FCS and ... profiling is the simultaneous measurement of the amount of mRNAs of all the genes, which are transcribed from the genome, in the cell At any moment, not all the genes are activated, resulting in the phenotypic...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:15

... the activation of initiator caspase of the extrinsic pathway 2.6 Review of apoptotic mathematical models Various aspects of the caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways have been described in mathematical ... hypothesized kinetic cooperativity in the 30 formation of the APOPTOSOME complex (see Figure 2-4) (Bagci et al., 2006) On the other hand, in the second class of models, the initial amount of pro-survival ... Interestingly, the p53-AKT models also predict the existence of bistability This thesis however, does not focus on the detailed analysis of the apoptotic pathways 31 2.7 Summary The multiple nodes in the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:05

... rate of AKTa induced by p53) 3.5 Biological significance of bistability The most significant among the predictions of the models is the existence of the robust phenomenon of bistability in the ... detail The most significant among the predictions of the kinetic models is the existence of the robust phenomenon of bistability in the p53-AKT network This phenomenon is conserved as the kinetic models ... trajectory will veer the system to either one of the two stable nodes The unstable manifold on the other hand, represents the shortest path to the stable nodes, which bifurcates the plane into upper...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:05

... Ramalingam et al., 2007) 4.2 Review of p53-MDM2 mathematical models This section reviews the recent mathematical models developed to describe the dynamics of the p53-MDM2 oscillator in a cell population ... damped oscillations of p53 and MDM2 protein levels in cell populations of mouse fibroblasts and human breast cancer epithelial MCF-7 cells, following 5Gy of IR The dynamics of the p53-MDM2 oscillator ... Grammaticos, 2007) These models focus on reproducing experimental observations as well as on the underlying mechanisms Common to them is the postulation that the mechanistic origin of the abovementioned...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:05

... periods of p53, mdm2, MDM2 and MDM2a The remaining curves depict the time-delays of the peaks of mdm2, MDM2 and MDM2a pulses relative to the peaks of p53 pulses (see inset) Furthermore, the model ... it is the stable manifolds of the saddle point that define the boundary between the basins of attraction of the oscillatory low-p53 limit cycle and the high-p53-stable node Depending on the initial ... 2006) Therefore, analysis of a kinetic model that includes these specific and critical BCL2 family members could aid in the understanding of the regulation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathways by the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:05

... percentage of the length of an exon relative to the total length of its flanking intronic regions is plotted Most of the exons constitute less than 1% of their intronic lengths Indeed, the highest ... ESEs within the target site by the AON and (2) accessibility of the target site to binding during the ‘opportune period’, which in turn depends on the secondary structure of the pre-mRNA The tendency ... achieved due to the lack of known major factors affecting the efficiency of exon skipping One such factor is hypothesized to be the dynamics of co-transcriptional binding accessibility of AON target...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:05