teacher s instructions for group work

... is also used as often as “Be pessimistic” This reflects the relationship between S and H in which S has a lower social status than H, for instance, H is a customer and S is an assistant; H is ... Strategies (Assert S' s knowledge and concern for H 's wants), 14 (Assume or assert reciprocity) and 17 (Ask personal questions) seem to make S feel less confident because they are used only in some situations ... takes a deep insight into politeness strategies which are used by native speakers and the frequency of each strategy; and based on the findings, she would suggest some tips for using politeness strategies...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2015, 08:58

... conversations 2.1.11 Strategy 11 : Be optimistic It seems that this strategy is the most typical one of positive politeness strategy which indicates that S assumes that H wants S s wants for S or for ... measure positive politeness strategies used in the novel Design of the study The thesis comprises of parts: Part A: Introduction This part discusses the reasons for choosing the topic, aims, scope, ... solidarity strategy which emphasizes the closeness between S and H and expresses group s reciprocity Brown and Levinson (1987) consider positive politeness as"redress directed to the redressee 's positive...

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 21:45

... jargon or slang and ellipses For address forms S may use some terms of address as honey, darling, babe, mom, dad, brother, sister, aunt, sweetheart…(see at example 1) Or S may use ellipsis by using ... supporting methods are: Reference to publications, Discussion with the supervisor, Discussion with colleagues, Discussion with students, Personal observation Design of the study The study is divided ... only tangible) In positive politeness strategy, S makes the H feel good about himself, his interests or possessions, and is most usually used in situations where the audience knows each other fairly...

Ngày tải lên: 17/07/2015, 11:02

... http://www.intjem.com/content/4/1/47 Page of based agreement from a panel of independent experts The process allows anonymous, non-biased consensus building and has been well validated for systematically assessing and organizing ... chest X-ray, Xrays of the cervical spine and pelvis, blood and urine samples, and a Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) Diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) Formerly, diagnostic ... 2009, 9:3 10 Rozycki GS, Ballard RB, Feliciano DV, Schmidt JA, Pennington SD: Surgeonperformed ultrasound for the assessment of truncal injuries: lessons from 1540 patients Ann Surg 1998, 228:557-567...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 01:20

... complex s face poset satisfies hT ≤ hS whenever S dominates T (in the sense of Definition 2.10) Preliminaries We assume a familiarity with simplicial complexes and partially ordered sets (see [14]) ... P , let cS denote the chain of elements of c whose ranks lie in S ∪ {0, d} The rankselected subposet PS is the subposet of P whose maximal chains are all of the form cS , as c ranges over all ... as above, let S, T ⊆ [d − 1], and suppose that S dominates T Then the flag h-vector of ∆ satisfies hT ≤ hS Proof First, note that hT (Σ1 ) ≤ hS (Σ1 ), since the poset associated to Σ1 is just...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 12:23

... of B(P ): Step 0: If P is a 0-polytope, T (P ) is a single vertex v and Bv (P ) contains the single block {v} So assume that P has positive dimension Step 1: For every face G of T (P ) such that ... block as τ (G) Thus the blocks in B(P ), restricted to the faces in Qv , will be blocks or subsets of blocks in the partition of the faces of T (Qv ) It is straightforward from the construction ... contribution to hS ′ and h{0} S ′ is each Thus, in terms of ab-words, ˆ if u is the ab-word for S, then this word contributes au + bu = cu to the ab-index of P Since such a contribution occurs for each...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... low-income SSA States' success in mitigating HIV/AIDS "Successful" States Political arrangement Institutional structures Technology achieved "Unsuccessful" States Varied: democracy (Senegal, multiparty), ... debt concessions, invest in human capital and local pharmaceutical industries and so on The battle against HIV/AIDS in SSA States is no less than a social transformation and as such should be ... these responses with the SDS model and have focused on low-income SSA countries as they bear the bulk of the disease burden and are the target of the mitigation strategies The "successes" The "successful"...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... distinguished two types of politeness: positive and negative politeness Positive politeness is used to satisfy the speaker s needs for approval and belonging, Positive politeness is attempts ... with student-exchange programmes of cultural activities such as excursions, tours, lectures, films, conversation groups, sports events v Establish English clubs in which students can choose cultural ... course of action This class consists of requests, commands and advice, etc + Commissives: The speaker becomes committed to doing some future action, e.g promises, guarantees, oaths, etc + Expressives:...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2015, 14:19

... the speaker towards the hearer as offers/promises; and expressions in which the speaker shows a desire towards the just as praises and emotional expressions (Brown, P & Levinson, S C., 1978) Similarly, ... politeness strategy is most frequently used by the speakers in the investigated conversations? Scope of the study This study aims at analyzing politeness strategies in conversations in listening sections ... expressions that evaluate hearer s positive face such as disapproval, criticism, complaints, accusations, contradictions, disagreements; and expressions showing that hearer s positive face is not...

Ngày tải lên: 02/03/2015, 14:36

... is she, small? - Yes, yes, she s small, smallish, um not really small but certainly not very big  Strategy 7:-Presuppose/ Raise/ Assert common ground This strategy is concerned with gossip, small ... discussions and findings.The result of this study was presented based on the statistics regarding the politeness strategies 2.5 Summary All in all, the chapter has justified the methodology used ... kinds of hedges discussed here under negative politeness strategies mainly fall into two categories namely: hedges addressed to Grice s Maxim and hedges addressed to politeness strategies As proposed...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2015, 09:09

... in the course designs in many schools and universities today Understanding cultural factors gives students chances to expose themselves to the target environment Vietnamese students normally ... Discussion with supervisor; - Discussion with colleagues; - Personal observations Design of the study The study is divided into three parts: Part I: Introduction which includes Rationale, Aims ... conversation works Oxford University Press 29 Widdowson, H 1978 Teaching Language as Communication Oxford Oxford University Press 30 Wolfson, N 1985 Rules of Speaking In Richards and Schmidt (eds.) Language...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2015, 19:47

... study on politeness strategies in negotiating conversations in “Market Leader” M.A Thesis Faculty of Post-graduate Studies, ULIS, VNU 27) Paarlahti, S (1998) Politeness strategies in business ... „politeness‟ theory to the analysis of casual conversation School of European, Asian & Middle Eastern Languages & Studies University of Sydney: Australia 8) Kodyat, H (2001) A Study on Politeness Strategies ... strategies in business letters written by native speakers of English In Geluyken, R &Pelsmarkers, K (eds) Discourse in Professional Contexts Lincom, 127-142 23) Nguyen, T P T (2010) Politeness strategies...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2015, 19:48

... =BBC1 " ! ! $ ! ? 00 1@> ' N G $ A - , ! 1$ , ! 4 ! ? ! @ ? @ 14 -D ) -B ) ! @ L - ! ?$ * &CE >+ ?S# ! T ! " , A ) >.B1 ! !! ! ! " ! @ ; % & =BBC+1 > ! ? @ * & 05 !; ? @ - + E1 = ? @ 1>= K ! A...

Ngày tải lên: 26/11/2015, 10:49

... ropes Rockwell Collins has also had positive results with specialist software that is designed to match mentors and mentees It closely resembles online dating websites The company asks its leaders ... high school students in order to boost the number of US students choosing STEM professions, which is seen as the root of the problem Nevertheless, enrolment numbers remain low Companies are pushing ... built a specific software system to support the process (see case study: Rockwell Collins—Rethinking interactions between generations) Going global? In other industries, businesses have responded...

Ngày tải lên: 06/12/2015, 23:14

... relationship in terms of power (friends, siblings, students) and the speaker wishes to phrase his request as a positive appeal The strategy suggests that S should take notice of aspects of listeners ... that S gives or asks for reasons accounts for most percentage (10%) of the positive politeness strategies in the course book In general, the positive politeness in requests is various In this study, ... positive politeness strategies used in requests (See charts 3.1) C hart 3.2 Positive politeness strategies in requests in the course book The chart 3.2 shows the results of positive politeness...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 00:41

... Capacity expansion program pursued, acquisition opportunities seized • We are stronger than before the crisis, thanks to our Highly passionate people committed to perform Modern asset base Sound financing ... 2013 2014 Holcim Group • 2005/2006 expansion of Aggregates and Other Construction Materials and Services business through acquisition of Aggregate Industries Ltd UK and US, Foster Yeoman Limited ... Operational measures Financial measures Investor / Analyst Capital Markets Event 2010 Operational measures: Cement, aggregates and ready-mix concrete are price inelastic, right sizing has top priority...

Ngày tải lên: 30/07/2014, 21:32