sustainable land management challenges opportunities and tradeoffs

... 2% - 3% Land ownership: state Land use rights: leased (The land belongs to the state and the land users rented this plot.) Water use rights: (The land belongs to the state and the land users ... formation, and potential landslides. Land use Climate Degradation Conservation measure Extensive grazing land Grazing land: Extensive grazing land (before) Forests / woodlands: Plantations, ... of land degradation, rehabilitation / reclamation of denuded land Origin: Externally - recent (<10 years ago) Land use: Grazing land: Extensive grazing land (before), Forests / woodlands:...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 08:21

... (StAR) Initiative: Stolen Asset Recovery (StAR) Initiative: Challenges, Opportunities, and Action Plan Challenges, Opportunities, and Action Plan 31 ã A global partnership must be formed to ... could be taken by developed (G-8 and OECD) and developing countries, other stakeholders, and UNODC and the WBG. It reflects feedback from various consultations and the challenges emerging from the ... restituting and recipient countries. Challenges, Opportunities, and Action Plan 27 Stolen Asset Recovery (StAR) Initiative: Challenges, Opportunities, and Action Plan June 2007 The Stolen...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 23:20

...  Carbondioxide(CO 2 )isabsorbedby land and vegetationthroughtheprocessofphotosynthesis.The netemissionsarenegative(sequestration) and substantial,offsettingapproximately884MMTCO 2 E,or approximately13%oftotalemissionsin2006. 114 Thecarbonsequestration and storageprovidedby land canbepreservedthough sustainable land management practices, and canbeenhancedby restorationof land, suchasreforestationofcontaminated land.   Theemissionsestimateforthe land basedcarbonsinkisgivenbytheInventory.Specifically,Chapter7, Land Use, Land UseChange, and Forestry,providesanassessmentofthenetGHGfluxresultingfrom theuses and changesin land types and forestsintheU.S.,includingnetemissionsfromforestland remainingforestland,croplandremainingcropland, land convertedtocropland,grasslandremaining grassland, land convertedtograssland,settlementsremainingsettlements,landfillyardtrimmings, and ... T on =Timeperiodoftransition,defaultis1yearforcarbonlosses AlthoughthisequationissimilartotheequationusedtoestimatecarbonlossesinDOM(seebelow),it isnotinaccordancewiththe2006IPCCGuidelines.Theguidelinesrecommendagreaterdegreeof disaggregationoflandusedatabyclimateandsoiltype.Theequationaboverepresentsa simplificationofthevariabilityofcarboncontentsinsoilthatexistsonregionalandnationalscales.The soilcarbonstockfortheoldlandusecategory(Cs o )wasbasedoninformationfordifferentecosystem typespresentedinthe2000IPCCreportonLandUse,LanduseChange,andForestry. 117 Thesoil carbonstockforthenewlandusecategoryofsettlements(Cs n )wasbasedonafractionofCs o .For forestlandandgrassland,thefractionwas0.5andforcropland,thefractionwas0.8.GuoandGifford (2002)observedthatlandusechangesofforestlandtocroplandandpasturelandtocroplandresulted insoilcarbondecreasesof42 %and5 9%,respectively. 118 Theestimateforthisprojectassumesthat theconversionofforestlandorgrasslandtourbanlandisequivalenttoaconversiontocropland(bo removeexistingvegetationandcausesignificantsoildisturbance);therefore,GuoandGiffordswork supportsthiseffortsestimationofa50%lossassociatedwiththisconversion.Itisestimatedthatsoils underforestsorgrasslandswillloseapproximately50%oftheoriginalorganiccarbonwhenthelandis convertedtodevelopedland.Theselossesareaconsequenceofboththeremovalofsurfacesoils(to providesuitablebuildingfoundation)andnaturaloxidationwhenthesoilisgradedfollowingremoval ofthevegetativecover.Lossesfromcroplandsareonlyexpectedtobe20%becausethesesoilsalready undergoperiodictillageandthemajorityofnaturaloxidationwillalreadyhaveoccurred.Aliterature reviewforthisprojectdidnotidentifyotherstudiescomparabletoGuoandGifford(2002)that estimatedsoilcarbonlossesassociatedwithconvertingcroplandtourbanland.Therefore,the20%soil carbonlossestimatefordevelopmentofcroplandintourbanlandisbasedonbestprofessional judgment. th ...  REDUCINGORAVOIDINGGHGEMISSIONSTHROUGH LAND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Land management describeshowwemanage and use land toprovideopenspace and habitat,food, naturalresources, and placesforpeopletolive,work, and recreate.EPApromotesintegrated land management strategiesthatuse land asproductively and sustainablyaspossiblebypromotingsmart growth,preventing and minimizingtheoccurrenceofcontamination and bycleaningup,reusing, and restoringcontaminated land forbeneficialreusebycommunities. 67   AsdescribedinBox7, land management hasthreekeycomponents: land protection, sustainable land use, and land revitalization.Similartothematerials management approachesthatcanbeusedinthe materialflow, land management approachescanbeusedtoreduceGHGemissionsbyimproving practiceswithinoracrosseachofthesecomponents. Land protectionpracticeslimithowmuch land is contaminatedeachyear.When land iscontaminated,itshouldbe cleaneduptolevelsprotectiveofhumanhealth and the environment. Land...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 12:20

... understanding of life cycle approaches and their value towards creating more sustainable management of our value chains. Our aim is to inspire organizations and firms to understand their ... 32 UNEP and SETAC training tools and publications 32 Other training tools and publications 33 iii Life Cycle Management How business uses it to decrease footprint, create opportunities and make ... in industry and agriculture lowers the water footprint. In times of supply shortage of fossil fuels and key materials on the world market and of competition on land, energy and material...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 09:20

... Yussefi M. and Willer H. 2002. Organic Agriculture World Wide 2002, Statistics and Future Prospects. Stiftung Ökologie and Landbau. Bad Dürkheim, Germany. Market Opportunities and Challenges ... Kilcher L., Landau B., Richter T. and Schmid O. 2001. The Organic Market in Switzerland and the European Union: Overview and Market Access Information for Producer and International Trading Companies. ... School of Management and Business. Aberystwyth, United Kingdom. Hiraga M. 2002. Japanese Organic Market: Market opportunities and characteristics. Bio Market Inc. Japan. Kilcher L., Landau...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 03:20

... (Gavrilescu and Chisti 2005). They are functional in activated sludge processes, lag- oons and ponds, wetlands, anaerobic wastewater treatment and digestion, bioleaching, phytoremediation, land- farming, ... (2008) Biomass power for energy and sustainable development. Environmental Engineering and Management Journal 7, 617-640 Gavrilescu M, Chisti Y (2005) Biotechnology – a sustainable alternative for ... for water monitoring. Food Technology and Biotechnology 34, 23-29 Chen W, Mulchandani A, Deshusses MA (2005) Environmental biotechno- logy: challenges and opportunities for chemical engineers....

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 15:21

... for water monitoring. Food Technology and Biotechnology 34, 23-29 Chen W, Mulchandani A, Deshusses MA (2005) Environmental biotechno- logy: challenges and opportunities for chemical engineers. ... tempera- ture, oxygen, and pH, and the availability of a food source for the bacteria to consume (Saval 1999). Bioremediation of land (biorestoration) is often cheaper than physical methods and its products ... tying up capital and land. Bioremediation using plants, identified as phytoreme- diation (Fig. 5) is presently used to remove metals from contaminated soils and groundwater and is being further...

Ngày tải lên: 13/03/2014, 21:56

... desirable and socially undesirable behaviors. The topics included attitudes towards gender equality, drug and alcohol use, diet and exercise, voting and church attendance, impression management, and ... Online: Opportunities and Challenges Robert Kraut, Judith Olson, Mahzarin Banaji, Amy Bruckman, Jeffrey Cohen, Mick Couper, The Internet as a research vehicle presents both opportunities and challenges ... 3 After discussing the opportunities and challenges of conducting online research, we close with recommendations in light of these challenges, directed toward both the researcher and the Institutional...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 21:20

... in aliphatic hydrocarbon and cheap blends of aromatic and aliphatic, suitable for protective and maintenance coatings and for marine paints for brushing, rollers and spray application. ... STATUS, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES Nelly Rahman, Uhendi Haris Bogor Research Center for Rubber Technology Indonesian Rubber Research Institute 4 Annual grown of production in Indonesia 23 CHALLENGES ... profitability 18 OPPORTUNITIES 17.9% 63.4% 0.3% 0.3% 3.8% 6.3% 2.0% 6.1% Latex, pharmaceutical/hygienic goods Tyre and related products Tubes, pipes and hoses Conveyor belts V and other belts Automotive...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 11:20

... curriculum landscape The NSE (2000) and the NPFTED (2007) provisions thus define the broad qualifications and curriculum policy parameters within which institutions and academics now create and negotiate ... Level6:asoundunderstanding. ã Level7:acoherentandcriticalunderstanding. Definitions are not given of these gradations, so it is not clear what the difference between a ‘sound’ understanding and a ‘coherent’ ... policy and institutional initiatives in relation to each of these global themes and influences. South African concerns are strongly shaped by the national demand for equity and redress, and are...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 19:20

... also maintains a record of land holdings in the area and assist in land transfers and management of government lands. Better service delivery to citizens Information and data available to all; ... sharing. Management principle Management by rule and mandate Flexible management, interdepartmental team work with central coordination Leadership style Command and control Facilitation and coordination, ... functions. Change management can be divided into two sub- concepts: Change Management Approach and Management of Resistance to Change. Change management approach refers to the change management procedures...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 05:22

... from REDD where they have no secure land tenure; if there is no principle of free, prior and informed consent concerning the use of their lands and resources; and if their identities are not recognized ... species: A global species assessment. IUCN: Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. IUCN. 2008. Private–public partnerships can achieve sustainable and equitable development. Accessed at: http:// cmsdata.iucn.org/downloads/private_public_partnerships_ghana.pdf. ... defined as “an area of land and/ or sea especially dedicated to the protection and maintenance of biological diversity, and of natural and associated cultural resources, and managed through legal...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 23:21