superbugs current trends and emerging therapies

... Maia and Yvelise Maria Possiede Chapter 12 Quinolones: Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity 255 Pintilie Lucia Chapter 13 Superbugs: Current Trends and Emerging Therapies 273 Amy L Stockert and ... acetate, and the weakest water extract Statistically significant difference was noted between the activity of ethanol extract, on one hand, and ethyl acetate and water extract on the other hand (pH20 ... and Pharmaceutical Bullten, Vol 45, No 9, (September 1997), pp 1493-1497, ISSN 0009-2363 Manandhar, N P & Manandhar, S (2002) Plants and People of Nepal, Timber Press, ISBN 0881925276, Portland,...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 19:20

... prevent VNR- and DXR-induced phlebitis, respectively, after being prepared at a concentration of 0.8 mg/mL and mg/mL in normal saline The dose of VNR and DXR were determined at and times the ... (proximal) and that at 20-30 mm (distal) from the catheter tip, and these were fixed in phosphate-buffered 10% formalin (Figure 1) Cross-sections of the ear vein were cut and stained with hematoxylin and ... animals and at the distal region in out of animals, inflammatory cell infiltration (Grades 1-2) at the proximal and distal regions in all animals, and edema (Grades 1-3) at the proximal and distal...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:57

... purchase and for service and support afterward Sellers need to find buyers and they need to provide expert advice about their product or service as well as customer service and support Both buyers and ... from software robot Its tools consist of UNIX commands such as ftp, print, and mail Commands like list files and Internet services such as Finger and Netfind4 are used as a kind of sensors to find ... communicating with him and observing his "behaviour" The agent observes the user's behaviour and the current state of the world to deduce what actions are to be performed and how to modify the current user's...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2013, 13:20

... fragments (Lys152±Lys222 and Lys167±Lys222) were eluted in peaks and 5, respectively Three histone H1D fragments (A179±K212, K175±K212 and T166±K212) were found in peaks 1, and 4, respectively Biosystems ... lysozyme, eosinophil cationic protein and calgranulin A and several fragments of histones H1 and H4 were found in the fraction eluted with 0.2 M HCl Puri®cation and identi®cation of ubiquitinated ... peaks 1, and (Fig 1B), respectively, corresponding to Ala179±Lys212, Lys175± Lys212 and Thr166±Lys212 ES mass spectra con®rmed these assignments and showed no covalent modi®cations Tandem mass...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... luteus, and S epidermidis B subtilis and S aureus B subtilis and S epidermidis B subtilis and S aureus B subtilis and M luteus E coli and P aeruginosa E coli and S.typhimurium E coli - B subtilis and ... glycosides, and phenolic compounds Triterpenes, tannins, and flavonoids Triterpenes and steroids Triterpenes S aureus E coli, P aeruginosa, and S flexneri B subtilis and S aureus E coli and P aeruginosa ... papuana Cambretum imberbe B subtilis and M luteus B subtilis and M luteus B subtilis and M luteus B subtilis and M luteus B subtilis and M luteus E faecalis and S aureus B subtilis 2α,3β,24-Trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 19:20

... molar Left mandibular third molar Left mandibular second molar Left mandibular first molar Left mandibular second bicuspid Left mandibular first bicuspid Left mandibular cuspid Left mandibular lateral ... Left mandibular central incisor Right mandibular central incisor Right mandibular lateral incisor Right mandibular cuspid Right mandibular first bicuspid Right mandibular second bicuspid Right mandibular ... Left mandibular primary second molar Left mandibular primary first molar Left mandibular primary cuspid Left mandibular primary lateral incisor Left mandibular primary central incisor Right mandibular...

Ngày tải lên: 10/05/2014, 16:37

... system (Dionex) with a separation column IonPac AS23 and variable wave length and conductivity detectors As eluent 4.5 mM disodium carbonate and 0.8 mM sodium hydrogencarbonat was used The flow ... plasma/gas phase were analysed by OES and FT-IR Only dinitrogen oxide (N2O), ozone (O3), carbon dioxide (CO2) and traces of nitric/pernitrous acid (HNO3/ONOOH) and the second positive, as well as, ... chloride solution without and with addition of different combinations of nitrate, nitrite, hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid (HCl); exposure times of 15 (hatched columns) and 60 (grey columns)...

Ngày tải lên: 18/05/2014, 20:35

... nozzle and the thin ground wire, and x2 is the distance between the thin ground wire and the bacterial samples ͑c͒ and ͑d͒ are the photographs of the plasma plume when it is used for direct and ... He/ O2͑3%͒ ͑flow rate of l/min͒ ͑a͒ and ͑b͒ are for direct treatments with x = 1.5 and 2.5 cm, respectively ͑c͒ and ͑d͒ are for indirect treatments with x2 = 1.5 and 2.5 cm, respectively, x1 is fixed ... China S Liu and M Neiger, J Phys D 34, 1632 ͑2001͒ M Laroussi, X Lu, V Kolobov, and R Arslanbekov, J Appl Phys 96, 3028 ͑2004͒ X Lu and M Laroussi, J Phys D 39, 1127 ͑2006͒ X Lu and M Laroussi,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/05/2014, 20:36

... year after diagnosis [1] With the current standard care – which consists of maximal surgical resection, concurrent radiation therapy and daily temozolomide (TZM), and six cycles of adjuvant TZM ... necrotic and total cells (N/T ratio) was calculated Cells that were hoechst 33342 and PI negative and that showed a strong calcein staining were considered live cells The ratio between live and total ... E/G, mean ratio of densitometry values of EGFR and GAPDH amplification bands P/G, mean ratio of densitometry values of PTEN and GAPDH amplification bands cell viability at the concentration of μM...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... Eulexin) and tamoxifen (Nolvadex); and the cytotoxic glycopeptide antibiotic bleomycin (Blenoxane) 5-Bleomycin and 5-aza-deoxycytidin were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, USA) and paclitaxel ... microenvironment and improving the antitumor potential of both resident DCs and exogenous DCs administered as a vaccine The effects of methotrexate, paclitaxel, vincristine, and vinblastine on maturation and ... cell viability studies and performed many pilot experiments MRS conceived of the study, participated in its design and coordination and edited the manuscript All authors read and approved the final...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... such as nucleoside and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors, block HIV replication and control viral load, reducing the emergence of HIV escape variants and maintaining CD4+ ... Sulllivan and Atkins [59] and Palmieri et al [34] reviewed the use of targeted agents in melanoma and a more general discussion about therapy combinations was provided by Kwak, Clark, and Chabner ... chemotherapy and often demonstrate how, after safety evaluation in early clinical trials, promising new agents and combinations may stall and never reach the threshold to justify longer, larger, and more...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... part of Norway From both private and public dental clinics we obtained lists of 2,247 previous and current dental personnel, born between 1913 and 1985, who were candidates for inclusion in the ... preparations and how many treatments they performed each week They were also asked how the amalgam was handled, if there were spills, and details about the work premises The questionnaire as such and ... asbestos and dust J Occup Med 1991, 33(2):134-138 Svendsen and Hilt Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 2011, 6:8 http://www.occup-med.com/content/6/1/8 Page of Hilt B, Langård S, Andersen...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... bare iron oxide and carbon-coated iron oxide nanoparticles, respectively The bands at 1,700 and 1,610 cm−1 in the spectra of carbon-coated iron oxide are associated with the C=O and C=C vibrations, ... Authors' contributions HB and TA synthesized the carbon-coated nanoparticles SH carried out FTIR and DLS measurements YC and SJ performed MRI measurements to determine T1 and T2 relaxivities IR ... respectively The bands at 1,700 and 1,610 cm−1 in the spectra of carbon-coated iron oxide are associated with the C=O and C=C vibrations, respectively Figure MR images for T1 (a) and T2 (b) measurements,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 23:20

... Serratia marcescens, and S typhi E coli and P aeruginosa B subtilis and S aureus E coli, K pneumoniae, P aeruginosa, and S typhi B cereus, B subtilis, and S aureus B cereus, S aureus, and S faecalis ... glycosides, and phenolic compounds Triterpenes, tannins, and flavonoids Triterpenes and steroids Triterpenes S aureus E coli, P aeruginosa, and S flexneri B subtilis and S aureus E coli and P aeruginosa ... papuana Cambretum imberbe B subtilis and M luteus B subtilis and M luteus B subtilis and M luteus B subtilis and M luteus B subtilis and M luteus E faecalis and S aureus B subtilis 2α,3β,24-Trihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 14:20

... BCNU and cisplatin, of which the former is primarily used for treating brain cancers and Hodgkin’s lymphoma and the latter is used to treat a wide range of cancers (including breast, lung and ... cells, and NSCs (Figure 3) The preferential vulnerability of both rat and human primary CNS progenitor cells to BCNU and cisplatin was apparent also at very low exposure levels Even the BCNUand ... respectively, on days 1, 3, and 5) show marked and prolonged increases in cell death in the lateral subventricular zone (SVZ), the corpus callosum (CC) and the dentate gyrus (DG) at 1, 10, and 42 days following...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... disc 38 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 Standard Quality Controls To evaluate the plate quality and the sensitivity of B subtilis to tested antimicrobials, 50 l of each of the 13 standard solutions ... 33 ± X a , sa = mean diameter of inhibition zone and standard deviation for each antimicrobial X g , sg = mean diameter of inhibition zone and standard deviation for each antimicrobial group than ... enrofloxacine and danofloxacine were tested at 0.5 x MRL and 0.75 x MRL, for difloxacine at 0.25 x MRL and 0.5 x MRL For sulfonamide, the samples were fortified at higher concentrations (MRL and 1.25...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:22

... PANSS: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale Authors' contributions IK, MG and SP conceived the study and participated in its design HK, MO and KA conducted the data collection and performed the ... treatment registered in Europe and USA for the management of schizophrenia, has been shown to reduce the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total and subscales scores and was generally well ... and the third study was a long-term study of efficacy and safety The Potkin et al study was selected as the source of response rate data for aripiprazole 20 and 30 mg/day because the design and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:21

... values listed for Ziprasidone and Aripiprazole in Table Ten Table Ten should therefore appear as shown in this correction (Table 1) References Geitona M, Kousoulakou H, Ollandezos M, Athanasakis K, ... available free of charge to the entire biomedical community peer reviewed and published immediately upon acceptance cited in PubMed and archived on PubMed Central yours — you keep the copyright BioMedcentral ... http://www.annals-general-psychiatry.com/content/8/1/15 Table 1: Mean annual number of stable days and cost per patient by pharmaceutical treatment Paliperidone ER Base case: Cost (€) Effectiveness...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:21

... conceived of the study and participated in its design and coordination, in data acquisition and analysis, and in manuscript preparation EG and AZ participated in data acquisition and in manuscript ... resources and require infusion rooms and equipment as well as medical and nursing supervision [20] Anti-TNFα agents require a short time of administration to reach their effect, and anti-CD20 and abatacept ... REFLEX (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Efficacy of Rituximab in RA) trial, Cohen and colleagues [9] evaluated primary efficacy and safety at 24 weeks in patients with active RA and an inadequate...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22