summary of the activities of catalysts in the benzonitrile hydrogenation

... N-alkylation of nitroarenes using alcohols Table 6-1 Textural properties of the catalysts in the self-coupling of benzyl amines tested Table 6-2 Self-coupling of benzyl amine in the presence of different ... previously introduced will also be removed In most cases, the metal remains in the form of an oxide During calcination, some other processes can also take place: (i) sintering of the precursor or of the ... versus the loading of silver (b) TOF based on the number of surface Ag atoms for conversion of aniline to secondary amine/imine at 120 oC as a function of average particle size of Ag in Ag/Al2O3 catalysts...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:14

... 3.5: The elements that need changing in the order of ascending difficulty Figure 3.5 indicates the order of ascending difficulty of the five elements that need changing in reported speech In the ... 11A13 is not Both of the classes have been following the basic syllabus by Ministry of Education and Training, which is suitable for the purpose of the study All the copies of the questionnaire ... the past tense, tenses of the verbs in the direct speech will be changed into their corresponding past tenses in the reported speech The changes are shown in the following table Direct speech...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 08:03

... from the amino group to the a-carbon atom of the quinonoid intermediate should go faster than the isotopic exchange of the proton in the active site For the reaction of L-methionine, where no internal ... a-amino group in the external aldimine defines automatically the positions of the a-proton and the side chain of any bound amino acid The lability of the a-proton observed for a large number of ... the interaction of the side group of L-methionine with Arg100 in the considered reactions For L-aspartic acid the interaction of the distal carboxylic group with Arg100 takes place in the quinonoid...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... extracted and the amount of labelled PtdIns was determined (Table 1) In the absence of CMP, the presence of AtPIS1 allows the incorporation of labelled inositol into PtdIns, according to the enzymatic ... disappearance of PtdIns in the lower phase ()108 pmolÆmin)1Æmg)1) On the other hand, membranes lacking AtPIS1 not induce any variation in the radioactivity partitioned between each phase during the incubation ... synthesized PtdIns molecular species In Fig 1C, the labelled PtdIns of bacterial origin therefore arises from an exchange reaction Effect of EDTA on the enzymatic activities of PtdIns synthase The...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... underlying the selectivity of PSAO not only affect the binding mode of the amine in the active site, but also the identity of the residues recruited in the catalytic steps In particular, the new ... Glu412 The difference in the binding mode of the two substrates may modulate the participation of the residues surrounding TPQ in crucial catalytic steps In this regard, we confirmed the role of Asp300 ... depending on the structure of the interacting substrate According to the above results and the fundamental steps of the reaction described in the literature, shown in Fig 4A, we propose a kinetic...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 00:21

... secondary kinetic isotope effects [19,27–29] The existence of a gem secondary kinetic isotope effect has the effect of attenuating the rate of C-H bond-breaking, so in principle the intrinsic kinetic ... occurred [3] The intermolecular experiments, the studies which provide the most information about the rate-limiting steps (see below), must be considered in the context of the estimated intrinisic ... The results are interpreted in the context of a rate-limiting chemical step involved in the reaction of the activated enzyme complex (Fe-O species) with the substrate, even in the most relevant...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 13:20

... Detection of the products of substrate oxygenation by the adsorbed MMOH was achieved by holding the potential at )0.5 V for 30 in the presence of substrate and then removing the liquid (50 lL) from the ... constant, A is the electrode area in cm2, Co is the enzyme concentration in the thin layer in molÆcm)3 and kf is the potential-dependent electron transfer constant in s)1 Using the values of the current ... mVÆs)1 indicated the reducibility of the binuclear iron centre and its reoxidation by dissolved oxygen (Fig 1) The reduction current peak intensities varied linearly with the square root of the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 09:20

... by the elimination of the hydrogen bonds formed by the amino acids involved in the binding of NADP+ The position of the NADP+ in the mutant is the same as it is in the native enzyme The loop formed ... chelating agent, the enzyme is completely inactive, regardless of the NaCl concentration Therefore, the substitution of D38 by C38 in the protein has weakened the binding of zinc ion The D residue ... important in catalysis, either in forming a key aspect of the zinc-binding site or in some other process related with substrate recognition The replacement of D38 by C38 results in the production of...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 21:20

... results in an increase of steady-state level NADH and in straightening up the curve (curve 2) DISCUSSION The results of this work clearly show that the affinity of the NADH-binding site of the bacterial ... activity of the enzyme; however, the inhibitor does not affect the initial rate of the reverse electron transfer reaction Moreover, rotenone stimulates the process by increasing the extent of NAD+ ... (curve 4) The dependencies of initial rates of the reaction on concentration of ADP-ribose are presented in Dixon coordinates V0 is expressed in lmol of NADH oxidized per per mg of protein Fig The...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:21

... feeding into the rotating twist drill The combination of the rotation of the twist drill and of the translation of the worktable, which is carrying the work, results in the hole being machined in ... Geometry of Active Part of a Cutting Tool — The generating body of the form-cutting tool is bounded by the generating surface of the cutting tool Methods of transformation of the generating body of the ... curvilinear (Gaussian) coordinates of the point of the surface P; XP, YP, ZP are Cartesian coordinates of the point of the surface P; U1.P, U2.P are the boundary values of the closed interval of the...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 05:20

... “wolf culture” of the nomads He proposes that the nomadic cultures have continuously injected fresh blood into the Chinese civilization, helping it maintain its vitality In the novel, the protagonist ... reader of the celebrity scholars of ancient China who spent their days writing poetry, visiting sing-song girls, and enjoying great patronage Accused of celebrating this way of life and exhibiting ... husband of the actress, the author accentuates the contrast between the values of the city and those of the countryside and the dilemmas faced by the peasants when their traditional way of life...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 07:20

... its inhibitory activities in regards to both IFNα and TNF-α in pDCs is that BAY11 targets IKKα in the inhibition of IFN-α and IKKβ in the inhibition of TNF-α at the downstream of TLR7/9-MyD88 The ... difference in the rate of viable cells up to 10-7 M of BAY11 (Figure 7B) Based on these in vitro findings, we next analyzed the serum IFN-α level at several time points after the injection of poly U in ... of BAY11 Therefore, we thereafter used 10-9 M to × 10-7 M of BAY11 for the following assays We further investigated the effect of BAY11 on the pDC maturation Up to × 10-7 M of BAY11 did not influence...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 12:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... Another important aspect of NHCs that surpasses their phosphine counterparts is the orientation of the steric bulk in their metal complexes As shown in Figure 1.8, in the case of phosphines the ... “push-pull-effect” The +M effect pushes the lone pair electrons of the N atom into the empty p orbital of the carbene carbon atom, thereby increasing the electron density of the carbene center ... ligands The findings of the research are presented in five chapters Chapter describes the synthesis of mono- and dipalladium complexes of benzimidazolin-2-ylidene ligands The reaction of Pd(OAc)2...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:04

... suggesting the potential use of primary amines in enamine catalysis In addition, the presence of an extra N–H in the enamine b’ intermediate derived from the primary amino group may facilitate the ... of natural amino acids offers great flexibility in structural modified for the design of chiral organocatalysts All these factors combined make primary amino acids interesting and promising catalysts ... the synthesis of a compound Therefore, the organocatalytic aldol reaction will be used profitably by industry in the near future The next chapter will focus on the investigation of a number of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:39

... Characterization of AgInSe2 NRs An XRPD pattern of the synthesized AgInSe2 NRs and the bulk AgInSe2 (synthesized by pyrolyzing the precursor in a vacuum) is shown in Figure 9.6 The broadening of the diffraction ... that that the majority of the surface of the NRs is capped by OA with a slight amount of DT In the synthesis of AgInSe2 NR, we proposed that the OA acts as both activating agent87 and capping agent ... nm (t = min); 5.8 nm (t = 10 min) and 6.0 nm (t = 15 min) Unlike the ZnSe, the size of CdSe grows larger as the time of heating is increased The photoluminescence spectrum of CdSe (t = min) shows...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:46

... in the solid-state by the use of appropriate counter ions Further these compounds thermally decompose to the corresponding metal sulfides in the solid-state and the inception temperature of the ... recombination of pre-existing blocks The preparation of new materials often proceeds in the former via an elimination of guest species assembled in layers in a lamellar host (or in rows in a tunnel ... thiobenzoates The size and coordinating ability of the solvents play a role in these systems during and/or nucleation The solvent CH2Cl2 being smaller in size with more coordinating ability, keeps the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 10:05

... 6.1c) indicate good crystallinity of the particles There is no drastic change in the morphology and only a slight change in the size of the particles when we increased the amount of HDA under the ... the single injection synthesis, an increase in the nucleic concentration always caused the reduction in the size of the NP.74 No drastic change on the morphology of the Cu2-xSe NPs as we increased ... not obtained by using the same experimental conditions In our study, we have demonstrated that the twinning process in the Cu2-xSe NCs can be hindered by using a strongly coordinating capping agent...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 10:19

... possible the introduction of a (research) subject In my case, I shall introduce the field of Intercultural Theatre and perform my thesis statement at the same time In the introduction of Min Tian’s The ... context in unities of place, time and action? Lim 0.3.1 Thesis Bearing the above questions in mind, the first thesis is stated as such: Thesis 1: The act of naming involves the active choice of citations, ... Master of Arts degree In other words, there is a doubling of aims: the general aim of completing a conventional academic work and the aim of personal gain Posed in these terms, the doubling implies...

Ngày tải lên: 16/10/2015, 15:38