substrates specificity and role of debranching enzyme in barley

... NM_014393 ▲ 1.52 regulation of transcription protein binding double-stranded RNA binding DNA binding ▼ 5.02 protein binding NM_001149 NM_004242 ▲- increased ▼- decreased Validation of microarray results ... and ethanol-induced mucosal injury in the upper gastrointestinal tract leading to increase in the permeability of the gut mucosa to endotoxins [43, 44] These factors are involved in ethanol-induced ... ANK3 Gene title cofactor of BRCA1 integrin, beta staufen, RNA binding protein, homolog (Drosophila) high mobility group nucleosomal binding domain ankyrin 3, node of Ranvier (ankyrin G) Signal Log...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:28

... determinants of job satisfaction, and methodology adopted Subsequently, the main findings are presented and discussed and finally conclusions and managerial implications of the findings and research ... fell in category of between 40 and 50 years old, and only 2.5 percent of respondents fell in the age category of more than 50 years old In addition, 45.4 percent of respondents were single and ... Methodology The population of this study consists of the employees of private airline companies in Iran which called Airline1, Airline2, and Airline3 We choose only private airlines that have more than...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2013, 11:44

... resurgence in the incidence of TB occurred in the United States and included increases in the number of TB cases among adults and children and outbreaks of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) involving ... of skin testing is the Mantoux tuberculin skin test using 0.1 mL of tuberculin units (TU) of purified protein derivative (PPD) (1 ) BCG vaccination contributes to the prevention and control of ... preventing pulmonary TB in adolescents and adults These studies also were not useful in determining a) the efficacy of BCG vaccine in HCWs or b) the effects on efficacy of the vaccine strain administered...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 13:20

... modification may in uence many of the physicochemical and biological properties of the proteins, such as protein folding, stability, targeting, dynamics and ligand binding, as well as cell-matrix and cell–cell ... side-chains are important for the GABA transport activity 1-Deoxymannojirimycin inhibits the GABA-uptake of GAT1 In order to gain further insight into the role of the terminal structures of the ... that of DDN, showing a value of only 5.5 h In contrast, the stability of NNN containing only mannosidic N-glycans after treatment with dMM 1629 Role of N-glycosylation and N-glycan trimming of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... combining sponsorship, brand merchandising, brand stretching, packaging, point -of- sale promotions, and product placement, across a broad range of channels ranging from event marketing to the Internet.22,23 ... discounting, and brand marketing, in the context of the current regulatory and social environment Consumer marketing Consumer-product marketing efforts, including pricing, distribution, packaging, and ... use often is integrated into entertainment media programming, especially in movies Portrayals of tobacco in movies include images of tobacco use and images of tobacco product brand names and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:20

... equal to ô ằ (increase in indebtedness) by 15 points (33 minus 18), and increases the probability of Expected-Debt to be equal to ô ằ (not indebted and not going to be) by 13 points (34 minus 21) ... remaining 11% An increase in indebtedness (of 80% in average) is associated with a 14% decrease in production, and with a 2% rise in inventories Conversely, enterprises with a decrease level of indebtedness ... generated in a model of soft budget constraint in Berglof and Roland (1994) 22 Enterprise Adjustment and the Role of Bank Credit in Russia: Evidence from a 420 Firm's Qualitative Survey The main underlying...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 08:20

... target (Fig 1) Indeed, IL-1ra reduces brain injury in animal models of cerebral ischemia and, in a recent randomized clinical trial, intravenous administration of recombinant human IL-1ra in patients ... proteoglycan and laminin, but also process a number of cell-surface and soluble proteins, including receptors, cytokines and chemokines [81] Thus, in addition to their physiological roles, such ... factors In rodent models of transient MCAO, in ammatory genes (including cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules and pro -in ammatory enzymes) are upregulated a few hours after the insult and remain...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... mechanistic roles of several of these residues are not described well and there is no example of mutational analysis of all of these residues in the same enzyme To obtain an insight into how the ... departure, and formation of the oxazolinium ion intermediate; (C) Hydrolysis of the oxazolinium ion intermediate Copyright National Academy of Sciences, USA questioned on the basis of studies of chitinase ... activities of the ChiB variants In a standard assay, 100 lL of a mixture containing enzyme, 20 lM substrate, 50 mM citrate/phosphate buffer, pH 6.3 [36] and 0.1 mgÆmL)1 bovine serum albumin was incubated...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 14:20

... primarily in inclusion bodies Successive washes of inclusion bodies with M urea and 5% (v/v) Triton X-100 removed most of the contaminating proteins, producing a Fig SDS/PAGE analysis of the expression ... two of them (Cys35 and Cys61) forming a disulfide bond which may be necessary for the tetrameric state of the enzyme In addition, Cys69 is involved in the correct folding of the monomer, supporting ... mixtures One unit of MAT activity is defined as the amount of enzyme that catalyses the formation of lmol AdoMet per hour and per milligram of protein Protein was determined using the Bradford...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... structure containing two chitin-binding domains (ChBD1 and ChBD2) and two catalytic (active) domains (AD1 and AD2) [25] Both catalytic domains belong to GH family 18 We have not performed any kinetic ... range of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants and animals The presence of chitinases in such organisms is closely associated with the physiological roles of their substrates For instance, ... in AD2 and carried out mutational and crystallographic analyses in order to clarify their catalytic role Our kinetic study indicated that D2 and E residues play particularly important roles in...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 11:20

... contains two DNA binding inhibitory domains flanking the Ets domain: the central 87 amino acid inhibitory domain is poorly conserved and virtually specific to ERM, and the C-terminal domain that ... recognition of target sites in different genes In addition promoter sequences flanking the Ets motif determine activity through protein–protein interactions between Ets factors and factors binding at ... as described above and binding reactions were carried out by incubating 0.1–0.2 ng of probe with lg of nuclear extracts in the presence of lg of poly(dI-dC)Æpoly(dI-dC) 18 in 10 mM Hepes pH 7.9,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... penicillin binding has been abolished or severely affected in the arginine-266 mutants Arginines 160 and 162 No stimulation of 2-oxoglutarate conversion was observed in the presence of penicillin ... rate of inactivation for this mutant binding to the enzyme (arginines 160, 162 and 266), as demonstrated by the lack of stimulation of 2-oxoglutarate conversion and the almost complete absence of ... G for the R160Q, R162Q and R162A mutants (Table 2, entries 10–12), consistent with loss of penicillin binding Arginines 306 and 307 Fig Proposed binding mode for penicillin N to the iron(II)-2-oxoglutarate...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 01:20

... °C) Enzyme assays were performed in a 1-mL quartz cuvette: various concentrations of substrate and 25 nM enzyme were preincubated for in buffer and the reaction was initiated by the addition of ... nm (H42E) and 397 nm (H42A), in single mixing mode by mixing enzyme (0.5–1.0 lM) with various concentrations of H2O2 Absorbance changes were independent of [H2O2]; observed changes in absorbance ... minimize the effect of fluctuating imidazole levels on the ionic strength and pH and to prevent binding of the imidazole to the haem) Time-dependent spectra of the various reactions were obtained...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 01:20

... additional N-domain, homologous to the N-domains of ClpA or ClpB, and a linker domain homologous to, but half the size of, the linker domain of ClpB [19] The N-terminal region contains two 32-amino acid ... functions like a chaperone in vitro Furthermore, we investigated the role of the N-terminal domain of M tuberculosis ClpC1 in its structure and function Most Clp proteins, including ClpC have been shown ... The Clp proteins in M tuberculosis, like many other bacteria, may also be involved in its pathogenesis and an understanding of 6150 their mode of action could be useful in exploring them as drug...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... sides, including leading bankers and bankers’ associations like the Institute for International Finance, to rethink the role of the state in the financial system and to reconsider more stringent ... information, incentives and institutions, providing a more favourable view of the possible role of the state in financial markets 35 INVESTIGATING DIVERSITY IN THE BANKING SECTOR IN EUROPE | 33 ... Cartel Office, and in 2007, following the inquiry of the Spanish Competition Commission, fined several savings banks for market-sharing agreements 44 INVESTIGATING DIVERSITY IN THE BANKING SECTOR IN...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 07:20

... tolerance and insulin sensitivity of the ApoE) ⁄ ) · Ay ⁄ + mice, and triggered obesity, indicating that circulating ApoE is involved in increased adiposity and obesity-related metabolic disorders Of ... phenotype and insulin and glucose levels became stronger with increasing body mass index [60,61] These findings again raise the interesting possibility that, although hyperplastic types of obesity ... lipolysis Development of : a) Diet-induced obesity b) Insulin resistance c) Glucose intolerance Fat cells Fig Model for the role of ApoE in the development of diet-induced obesity in mice Dietary lipids...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 22:21

... (2004) CBS domains form energy-sensing modules whose binding of adenosine ligands is disrupted by disease mutations J Clin Invest 113, 274–284 Kemp BE (2004) Bateman domains and adenosine derivatives ... a1b1c1 in E coli using a tricistronic vector with T7 RNA polymerase controlling transcription of a single a1b1c1 messenger, with each subunit carrying its individual ribosome-binding site In our hands, ... details of the mutations, with red borders indicating the mutations that have been described in vivo in pigs (V224I and R225Q in c3) or humans (mutations in c2, R225W and R307C in c3), and red...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 08:20

... residues and the edge of the substrate ring could prevent binding of 3,6-DMC and 3,5-DMC, as shown in Fig 2D,E,F Thus, the binding of 3,5-DMC and 3,6-DMC to the active site of C2,3O could be possible ... substituted in silico with valine, serine, alanine and glycine, and the molecular contacts of docked 3,6-DMC and 3,5-DMC were reinspected Mutation T249V does not allow for a reduction of the steric hindrance ... findings indicate that Thr249 participates in the control of substrate specificity and plays a previously unsuspected role in catalysis Results Modeling of (di)methylcatechols in the active site of...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... became increasingly criticized by international activists as a source of poverty and environmental degradation in developing countries One of the most important turning point was the WTO Ministerial ... combining two types of sustainable management of natural resource in a single economic equation and also under a single diagram as represented by: C ≦ ΔOS*E + S therefore, E ≧ (C – S)/ΔOS1 (b) Introduction ... Original Sustainability, S for Sustainable Level for human activities ΔOS means the marginal increase of consumption against environmental amenity while original sustainability is maintained The degradation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/04/2014, 20:22

... business cycles As a representation of a random industry, we analyze real-estate industry of the United States for two main reasons: one, real estate is one of the dominant industry sectors of ... state level coincident index and housing price index to indicate state as well as national business and real estate cycles The analyses in this essay suggest that there are no distinct and persistent ... read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Economics in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Professor Christos Giannikos Date Chair of Examining...

Ngày tải lên: 03/06/2014, 02:10