structure function and biosynthesis of mo containing nitrogenase

... assumptions of normality, linearity, and homoscedasticity essential to methods of linear regression modeling, we logarithmically transformed IsoAsp, GAG, and protein values and used the D'Agostino and ... demonstrate the presence of a modified amino acid, in the form of IsoAsp, in OA-affected human cartilage and synovial fluid and to examine associations between IsoAsp content and the degree of ... realized without identification of the primary IsoAsp -containing molecule(s) That knowledge would allow the calculation of the modified-tounmodified molecule ratio and provide a potential marker...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... FIGURE 11 Structure comparison of Ubiquitin and human SUMO-1 [82] 36 FIGURE 12 Signalling functions of SUMO [80] 37 FIGURE 13 The SUMO conjugation pathway [80] 38 FIGURE 14 DP1 and E2F1 ... protein-protein interactions and, in some instances, DNA binding (Figure 12) Mammalian cells have types of SUMO modifications, designated SUMO-1, SUMO-2 and SUMO-3 The sumolyation pathway appears ... KRIP1, TIF1α and SP140, as well as p300 [20] and NF-X1 [21], all of which possess PHD zinc fingers and/ or bromodomains Both TRIP-Br1 and TRIP-Br2 interacted with the PHD-bromodomain of KRIP-1 as...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 13:56

... in the expression of only two protein bands of 77 and 63 kDa [26] Moreover, the initial characterization of iPLA2c in nonrecombinant cells demonstrated that hepatic iPLA2c was most highly enriched ... transformation and subcellular localization in other genes [60–63] Accordingly, alternative splicing of iPLA2c can modulate both the site and the amount of enzymic activity (e.g through removal of the ... common in genes driven by TATA-less promoters Three lines of evidence suggested the presence of a second promoter upstream of exon including: (a) the identification of three E-boxes upstream of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 16:20

... mixture of particles of different shapes and sizes (Fig 2A,B) Classification, alignment and averaging of the particles confirms the heterogeneity and, in addition, demonstrates the existence of a ... modelling and docking described here Further interpretation of the map required the creation of a model of the J1 nitrilase based on its homology with members of the superfamily for which crystal structures ... (corresponding to residues 54–73 and 234–247) relative to the solved structures are located at the C surface Furthermore, none of these homologues suggests a model for the structure of the C-terminal region...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... can bind MEK and ERK1 supporting ERK1 activation [26], and kinase suppressor of RAS can bind RAF, MEK and ERK favouring activation of MEK and ERK1-2 through RAS [27] On the other hand, the RAS–ERK ... convulxin and TPO induce activation of RAS RAS activation was measured through the ability of its activated form (RAS–GTP) to bind to a GST fusion protein consisting of the RAS-binding domain of RAF and ... expression of the isoform ki- and N-RAS was not excluded [5] Activated RAS was detected with an anti-(pan RAS) Ig, which does not distinguish the various isoforms of RAS In Regulation of RAS in...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 16:20

... imidazole ring is sandwiched between the side chains of His 199FIH that forms part of the catalytic triad and the aromatic ring of Tyr 102FIH The side chain of Gln 239FIH moves away from the ... [10,11] of tankyrase and, in doing so, modulates the hypoxic response along with other ARDs by regulating the amount of FIH that is bound to ARDs and therefore unavailable for hydroxylation of HIF-a ... (search model PDB ID 1H2K) and was refined with CNS [33] Iterative cycles of model building in coot [34] and slowcool-simulated annealing refinement using the maximum-likelihood function and bulk-solvent...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 23:20

... accumulation of amino-acid pools, mitochondrial function, and the insulin and TOR pathways in C. elegans longevity Black lines indicate the activating or repressive function of members of different ... state of C elegans TOR activates the ribosomal p70 S6 kinase (S6K) and the translation initiation factor eIF4E The latter is encoded by ife-2 in C elegans, and a Gallo and Riddle Journal of Biology ... knockdown of TOR/let-363 pathway in C. elegans results in an almost twofold increase in life span [13] Although not mentioned by Fuchs et al [7], their metabolic profiles fit very well with a model...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 19:21

... Purification of mononuclear cells and PMN from blood and SF Purification of mononuclear cells (peripheral blood mononuclear cells; PBMC) and PMN from blood was performed as described [21], with minor modifications ... levels of other chemokines The results show a characteristic profile of highly regulated chemokine mRNAs that form a group of four upregulated chemokines, namely CCL18, CCL3, CXCL8 and CXCL10, and ... inflammatory milieu of the joint Differential expression of chemokine receptors in SF PMN To estimate changes in the responsiveness of SF PMN to chemokine ligands, expression levels of chemokine receptor...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:21

... burden of back pain in the UK Pain 2000, 84:95-103 Freemont AJ, Le Maitre C, Watkins A, Hoyland JA: Degeneration of intervertebral discs: current understanding of cellular and molecular events, and ... for cells in the NP and IAF For NGF, although a greater number of immunopositive cells were observed in the NP and IAF of disc samples of moderate degeneration and in the OAF of severely degenerate ... degenerate and herniated human intervertebral discs: IL-1β and TNFα expression profile Arthritis Res Ther 2007, 9:R77 25 Hoyland JA, Le Maitre CL, Freemont AJ: Investigation of the role of IL-1 and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 11:20

... starting dose of simvastatin for most patients is 20 mg, and the maximal dose is 80 mg In this study, the concentrations of simvastatin were employed at 30 and 50 μM, and the concentration of collagen ... and JNKs (p46 JNK1 and p54 JNK2) are more responsive to stress, and appear to be involved in apoptosis [20] ERKs, JNKs, and p38 MAPK have been identified in platelets [20] The roles of JNKs and ... open diamond) to trigger platelet aggregation (A and B) and the ATP-release reaction (A, upper tracings) or (D) [Ca2+]i mobilization (C) The solid line represents the fluorescence profiles of FITC-triflavin...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... tumor tissues of nude mice STC-1 was detected on the membrane of tumor cells (D) Immunohistochemical staining of PCNA in tumor tissues of nude mice PCNA was detected in the nucleus of tumor cells ... flank of female nude mice Tumor volumes were measured and calculated once every two days after we can see the tumor in the flank of nude mice (C) Immunohistochemical staining of STC-1 in tumor ... therapy of solid tumors Ann Surg 1972, 175(3):409-416 31 Zagzag D, Brem S, Robert F: Neovascularization and tumor growth in the rabbit brain A model for experimental studies of angiogenesis and the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... methyl-lysine modifications are recognized by chromodomain -containing proteins such as HP1 and Polycomb (PcG), which bind methylated H3K9 and H3K27, respectively, and contribute to creation of heterochromatin-like ... pattern of modifications regulates the binding and activities of other chromatin-associated components Indeed, modifications of histones at a specific nucleosome very likely influence subsequent modifications, ... of H3K9me and non-modified H3K9 We also identified a new epigenetic modification, the monomethylation of Lys79 on histone H4 Our results help define the histone code associated with Suv39h1 and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... nucleosomes off promoters, and it probably requires additional cofactors and/ or chromatin-remodeling factors The determinants of global nucleosome distribution Although the determinants of global ... alteration of chromatin structure and transcription activation of the yeast GAL1-GAL10 genes Mol Cell Biol 1989, 9:1721-1732 Boeger H, Griesenbeck J, Strattan JS, Kornberg RD: Removal of promoter ... influence the nucleosome occupancy of that region Moreover, remodeling and displacement of nucleosomes often requires protein complexes to be targeted to promoters by specific transcription factors...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

... influence of both regulatory proteins and RNA structures Regulation of mRNA utilization by cis elements and trans-acting factors The expression of many proteins is influenced by the structure and cellular ... roles in the regulation of nearly every aspect of gene expression They often display a modular architecture, exert multiple functions and participate in more than one step of the gene-expression ... reference to the role of the dynamics of the ribosome as well as the importance of the RNA structure and the discovery of new regulators We look forward to seeing advances in these and other areas...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 14:21

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2015, 10:44

... Estimation of human exposure • Calculation of an MOE 36 MARGIN OF EXPOSURE (MOE) Definition: The ratio between the defined point on the dose-response curve for the adverse effect and the human ... INTERPRETATION OF MARGIN OF EXPOSURE • Inter-species and intra-species differences • 100 would be sufficient • Nature of the carcinogenic process • Type of reference point 38 BENEFITS of REACH Positive ... nature and not chemically modified – minerals, ores, crude oil, vegetable oil 13 REGISTRATION Manufacturers and importers must submit registration for substances in quantities of tonnes or more/yr...

Ngày tải lên: 16/04/2015, 09:05

... MOH2187 and MOH2188, and plasmid pCDL956 as template The amplified DNA fragment contained kanR cassette and nmt1 promoter, and was flanked by 80bp of the 5’UTR of nuc2 at the 5’end and 80bp of ... Cdc16 and Cdc27 localize differently, with Cdc27 being enriched at mitotic chromosomes, and Cdc16 excluded from mitotic chromosomes (Huang and Raff, 2002) The loss of function study of Cdc16 and ... Cdc7p-3HA and Sid2p-13Myc Figure 3.5 Overexpression of Nuc2p disrupts the binding of Spg1p-GFP 58 and Cdc7p-3HA Figure 3.6 Inactivation of Cdc16p function promotes localization Cdc7p 60 to SPBs and...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:06

... ADF/cofilin and twinfilin are abundant in molar ratios with actin of maximally 1:10 (Pollard et al., 2000), which is consistent of their function of maintaining a large pool of actin monomers WASPs and ... Ena/Vasp, formins and myosin X are enriched at the tips of filopodia and fascin, a bundling protein, is present in most filopodium (Source: The Manual of Cellular and Molecular Function, 2008) ... cytoskeleton of OLN-93 cells………………………93 3.3.2 Phosphorylation of S278 of Juxtanodin abolished its influence on cellular morphology of OLN-93 cells……………………………………………….95 3.3.3 Phosphorylation of S278 of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 10:18

... these instructive early studies Marshland and Landau (Marsland and Landau 1954) when studying the effects of temperature and pressure on the cleavage of eggs of various animals proposed that the ... as a relatively simple model of more complex eukaryotes and has been of crucial importance in our understanding of the mechanisms of cell cycle control Interestingly, of the approximately 5000 ... filamentous structures, and then coalesce into a ring in a manner dependent on F-actin The latter step also requires motor activity of Myo2p (Naqvi et al 1999) and function of Rng3p, a protein containing...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:18