... Non-invasive cardiacoutput determination by two-dimensional independent Doppler during and after cardiac surgery Ann Thorac Surg 2005, 80:1479-1484 Chand R, Mehta Y, Trehan N: Cardiacoutput estimation ... PLR = passive leg raise; SV = strokevolume Page of (page number not for citation purposes) paired stroke plot of measurements difference one and three Bland-Altman volume log-transformedfrom stagesagainst ... both CO and SV (correlation index 0.79, P < 0.01 and 0.95, P < 0.01, respectively), and a BlandAltman analysis demonstrated a bias of 0.23 ± 1.01 L/min for the CO measurements Chand and colleagues...
... thoracic bioimpedance and the thoracic fluid index (or total thoracic impedance) Cardiacoutput is then calculated from the product of heart rate andstroke volume, averaged over 16 cardiac cycles We ... Comparison of impedance cardiography with thermodilution and direct Fick methods for noninvasive measurement of strokevolumeandcardiacoutput during incremental exercise in patients with ischaemic ... (measured by the mean) and precision (± 2SD) are shown Barry et al Critical Care 1997, 1:71 http://ccforum.com cardiacoutput in patients in the ICU and upon which much of our understanding of the cardiovascular...
... and height (CardioQ, Deltex Medical Ltd; and Waki, Atys Medical) Systematic errors due to a discrepancy between the actual area and the estimated value would not affect the trend of cardiacoutput ... before acquiring and interpreting Doppler-derived data Failure to reposition the probe before each measurement may lead to grossly erroneous cardiacoutput values Validation of cardiacoutput measurement ... paired cardiacoutput measurements using thermodilution and oesophageal Doppler In addition, simultaneous suprasternal Doppler and indirect calorimetry (Fick principle) were used to measure cardiac...
... Comparison of cardiacoutput determined using the thermodilution method (QTTHERM) andcardiacoutput determined using the metabolic (Fick) method (QTFICK) according to (a) the Bland and Altman graphic ... high cardiacoutput values QTFick (l/min) 0 10 11 12 QTTherm (l/min) Passing and Bablok regression of cardiacoutput determined using the metabolic (Fick) method (QTFICK) against cardiacoutput ... Comparison of cardiacoutput determined using the metabolic (Fick) method (QTFICK) andcardiacoutput determined using the thermodilution method (QTTHERM) according to (a) the Bland and Altman graphic...
... Times T1 and T2 are before volume replacement and 12 after volume replacement, respectively CCI, continuous cardiac index; CEDVI, continuous right ventricular end-diastolic volume index; CI, cardiac ... thermodilution-derived strokevolume index (∆SVITD) and baseline values of continuously assessed right ventricular end-diastolic volume index (CEDVI), and between (b) ∆SVITD and baseline values ... estimates of right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV) by thermodilution-derived right ventricular ejectionfraction (RVEF) and surrogates of strokevolume [17-20] However, the thermodilution...
... return andcardiacoutput (a) Theoretical effects of PEEP on venous return (VR) andcardiacoutput (CO) PEEP causes an increase in intrathoracic pressure (ITP) and a right shift in the cardiac ... the cardiac function (Frank-Starling) and venous return curves [8] Thus, for any given set of cardiac function and venous return curves there exists only one combination of RAP andcardiacoutput ... interaction of cardiac function and circuit function determine cardiacoutput [21] An important concept for the understanding of venous return is that of stressed and unstressed volume The venous...
... Vigileo™ CO = cardiac output; SD = standard deviation Accuracy and precision After selection, 33 periods of very stable CO (PAC-CCO slope > 10%, SD/mean < 20%, representing 4133 points and 34% of ... identity line) and Vigileo™ (in black, r = 0,69, P < 0.05 from identity line) with PAC-CCO during periods of very stable cardiacoutput (CO) (Right panel) Corresponding Bland and Altman representation: ... blood gases and considering the hemoglobin blood level as normal and stable, VO2 is a direct function of only three variables: cardiacoutput (CO), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), and mixed...
... Comparison between SV-TTE and SV-Flotrac at baseline, during PLR, before VE and after VE Bland-Altman plots between strokevolume measured SV-Flotrac at baseline, during PLR, before VE and after VE by ... PLR-induced changes in SV-TTE and in SV-Flotrac in responders and non-responders Box plots and individual values of passive leg raising (PLR)-induced changes in strokevolume measured with transthoracic ... raising; SV-Flotrac = strokevolume obtained with Vigileo™ device; SVR = systemic vascular resistance; SV-TTE = strokevolume obtained with transthoracic echocardiography; VE = volume expansion;...
... real-time estimation of strokevolumeandcardiacoutput The PiCCO device calculates strokevolume by measuring the area under the systolic portion of the arterial-pressure curve and dividing it by ... 90 105 120 Figure Bland-Altman plots (a, b) Bland-Altman plot for the changes (in absolute values) and correlation (for the percentage changes) induced by volume expansion on cardiac index obtained ... (CItd) andcardiac index obtained by the pulse-contour analysis (CIpc) (c, d) Bland-Altman plot for the changes (in absolute values) and correlation (for the percentage changes) induced by volume...
... septic-shock patients is able to increase cardiacoutput • The increase in cardiacoutput with norepinephrine seems to be related to increases in both cardiac preload andcardiac contractility • These positive ... some cardiac preload reserve However, in the subset of Figure Relative changes in the individual values of the strokevolume index (SVI) and of the end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI) before and ... recorded: the strokevolume index (SVI) calculated as CI/heart rate, the global end-diastolic volume index (GEDVI) assumed to be a global cardiac preload indicator [15,16], and the cardiac function...
... PAC-derived estimates of cardiacoutput by the thermodilution technique are not the gold standard for estimating cardiacoutput at the bedside, all available measures of cardiacoutput need to be compared ... PiCCO Plus and FloTrac) (Edwards Lifesciences, Irvine, CA, USA) and two PAC thermodilution techniques: CO by thermodilution (COtd) and continuous cardiacoutput (CCO) in postoperative cardiac surgery ... arterial pressurederived estimates of cardiacoutput give differing degrees of error relative to each other • The cardiacoutput error among devices is low for cardiacoutput values < L/min • Studies...
... actual and preceding calibration; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score; CI: cardiac index; CO: cardiac output; COTCP: transcardiopulmonary thermodilution cardiac output; ... for pulse contour-derived cardiacoutput (PCCO) and transcardiopulmonary thermodilution cardiacoutput (COTCP); npatient, number of patients; mean, mean of all PCCO and COTCP measurements bInterchangeability ... http://ccforum.com/content/15/1/R22 Page of Figure Bland-Altman plots of different norepinephrine (NE) subgroups PCCO, pulse contour cardiac output; COTCP, transcardiopulmonary thermodilution cardiac output; PE, percentage...
... mmHg), and at IAP of 30 mmHg, before and after FL Measurements and calculations Heart rate (HR), MAP, mean RAP (RAPm), cardiac output, strokevolume (SV), mean Ppl, and mean IAP were analysed over ... pulse pressure variation; SV, stroke volume; SVV, strokevolume variation FL was performed at intra-abdominal pressure of 30 mmHg in pigs before blood withdrawal and pigs after blood withdrawal ... protocol and measurements were carried out at normal IAP and at IAP of 30 mmHg before another FL So, before and after blood withdrawal, data were recorded under two IAP levels (0, 30 mmHg), and at...
... 18.6% Volume PPV/SVV = 1.03 Ea SVV = 18% SVV = 18% Figure Model of two different arterial elastances (Ea and Ea’) on the pulse pressure variation (PVV) relationship curve, with the same stroke volume...
... StreamReader sr = new StreamReader("file.txt") ) { } 9.2 Input /Output Thus far, our discussion on input /output has been limited to standard output streams using the System.Console class In this section, ... and so on In the following example, an unsigned integer magicNumber and four unsigned short integers stored in array data are first written to a binary file called file.bin and then read back and ... TextReader and TextWriter, are abstract base classes for reading and writing an array of characters or a string The concrete classes, StreamReader and StreamWriter, implement TextReader and TextWriter,...
... success on an industrial scale; · technological advances and changes in scientific knowledge and understanding; · the nature, effects andvolume of the emissions concerned; · the commissioning ... fertilizer and nitrogen compounds 21 polymers in primary forms 21 pesticide and plant protective lacquers and paints, printing ink and putty pharmaceutics soaps, washing agents, cleaning material and ... ethylene and propylene production and production capacity for Western Europe (excluding Greece and Switzerland) from 1993 to 1997 is presented in Figure capacity production propylene capacity and...
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... Enforcement Standards of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and produced as part of the Law Enforcement and Corrections Standards and Testing Program, these standards are based ... law and natural rights was developed initially by Hugo Grotius (16thcentury Holland) and John Locke (17th-century England) and was inculcated into the American Declaration of Independence and ... the practice and theory of policing in a historical and contemporary framework Each volume treats subjects that are particular to the area of state and local, federal and national, and international...
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