stocks flows and economic activity

Ngày tải lên: 05/11/2014, 08:57

... impact of economic activity on inter-ethnic relations in Sri Lanka and Malaysia 5.1 Introduction 162 5.2 Economic activities and their outcome in Sri Lanka and Malaysia 164 2.1 Degree of economic ... between economic activities and EPPs shows that economic policies, government activities, and macroeconomic management were less supportive of EPPs in improving economic development and promoting ... related to economic factors (Gurr 1994; Sachs and Warner 1995; Easterly and Levine 1997; Collier 1998; Collier and Hoeffler 1998; Elbawadi and Sambanis 2000a; Fearon and Laitin 2000; Bussmann and Schneider...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 10:57

... answers is wrong She should: A 26 give two answers just in case B 28 rub it out and leave it blank C 30 forget about it and move on ...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2012, 09:39

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2012, 10:02

... conceptualization of the multiplicity and salience of major challenges to development and security, all of which require political and public awareness and economic resources for timely and efficient policy treatment ... of risks, costs and benefits of handling these hazards using a multicriteria and systems approach towards the setting of policy priorities and resource sharing In addition to and developing from ... ‘long tail’ and intergenerational modes of climate change impact and thus implies special monetary and/ or insurance funds to cover respective costs and expected damage On the other hand, looking...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... et al (2003) attribute coping capacity and adaptive capacity as separate dimensions of resilience, Smit and Wandel (2006) lump them together To Smit and Wandel (2006), adaptive capacity is equivalent ... learning and the social sources of adaptability, renewal and transformation; and (3) and understanding ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS of change and uncertainty as inherent in social-ecological systems ... CCA and DRR merged with insurance schemes could play an important role when discussing financial vulnerability and managing risks for governments and communities Understanding resilience and vulnerability...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... scholars, and increase collaboration between the young and the seasoned within academic institutions, development and relief organizations and government We see this path, embedded in adaptive and ... P., Pritchard, L and Young, O., 2006 Scale and cross-scale dynamics: governance and ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS information in a multilevel world Ecology and Society, 11(2) Coleman, F C and Williams, ... construction Science and Public Policy, 30(4) 235 Helmer, M and Hilhorst, D J M., 2006 Natural disasters and climate change Disasters, 30(1) – Hogarth, R M and Kunreuther, H C., 1985 Ambiguity and insurance...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:56

... variability in landfalls 3.2 Landfall rates and proportion Table shows for three different periods – 1900 – 2008, 1951–2008 and 1979–2008 – the frequency of annual landfalls in the first and second ... relationships of ENSO, NAO and AMO on landfalling storms and damage (e.g Elsner and Jagger, 2006; Jagger et al., 2008) Elsner and Jagger (2008) find a relationship between the solar cycle and US hurricane ... basin activity, with yearly forecasts provided by teams from Colorado State University TABLE Landfalling hurricanes, total normalized damage and damage per landfall for four equal periods 1901– Landfalling...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... can and cannot be known about the uncertain future And such wisdom starts with understanding the historical record and why the scientific community cannot produce skilful forecasts of future landfalls ... States hurricane landfalls and damages 199 Coughlin, K., Bellone, E., Laepple, T., Jewson, S and Nzerem, K., 2009 A relationship between all Atlantic hurricanes and those that make landfall in the ... doi:10.1038/nature04477 Landsea, C W., 2007 Counting Atlantic Tropical Cyclones back to 1900 EOS, 88 197 and 202 Lonfat, M., Boissonnade, A and Muir-Wood, R., 2007 Atlantic Basin, US and Caribbean landfall rates...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... Netherlands Natural disasters have increased in frequency and severity during the last few decades, causing considerable economic damage and loss of life A combination of climate and socio -economic ... Environmental Science and Technology & Department of Economics and Economic History, ` Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Economics and Business Administration & Institute for Environmental ... Climate change and the frequency and severity of natural disasters In addition to socio -economic developments, climate change may increase the intensity and severity of weather extremes and contribute...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... namely low economic growth (RC) and high growth (GE) and corresponding changes in the ‘portfolio of properties at risk’ module of Figure were based on a land use model of the Netherlands (Janssen ... of climate and socio -economic change and estimating their influence on risk may be a useful first step in assessing future risk Statistical models can be used to assess how frequencies and severities ... change and socio -economic development on future natural disaster risk (IPCC, 2007) Considerable uncertainty and ambiguity is associated with both the frequency of a disaster occurring and the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... and Management, 13(4) 307 – 314 Rose, A., 2004b Economic principles, issues, and research priorities in hazard loss estimation Modelling Spatial and Economic Impacts of Disasters, Y Okuyama and ... L M and van den Bergh, J C J M., 2009b Climate change and hailstorm damage: empirical evidence and implications for agriculture and insurance, forthcoming Botzen, W J W., Aerts, J C J H and van ... change, for example, because of soil erosion and landslides resulting from more frequent and severe rains and floods The surface mass balance of the Greenland Ice Sheet may turn negative at a global...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... wetlands which perform essential hydrological, biological and chemical functions and which support and maintain the productivity and health of the river systems A number of the Basin wetlands ... (The Australian, September 2008), and ‘Water dries up life on the land – Randall Crozier stands in the barren paddock, frowning at the drought-bleached desert sand’ (The Australian, 13 September ... catchment area for the Murray and Darling rivers and their tributaries It extends from Queensland to South Australia, including three-quarters of New South Wales and half of Victoria The basin...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... Politics and History, 49(1) 61 –74 ¨ ¨ Brandstrom, A and Kuipers, S., 2003 From ‘normal incidents’ to ‘political crises’: understanding the selective politicization of policy failures Government and ... that is separated from the Southern Ocean by a narrow sand dune peninsula Lakes Alexandrina and Albert form the mouth of the Murray River and are comprised of fresh to saline waters The Coorong’s ... management and climate change was justified by the fact that Minister Penny Wong was the minister for climate change and water The Coorong Wetlands are one of the most important wetlands in Australia...

Ngày tải lên: 07/10/2012, 15:57

... of CAP shocks on CUR and RGDP are invariant to the ordering between CUR and RGDP On the other hand, capital flows might affect CUR and RGDP within a quarter, and the CUR and RGDP shocks may reflect ... Philippines, and Thailand), China, Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan, Australia and New Zealand Section provides an empirical analysis of the relationship between capital flows and business ... Area Criteria,” The Economic Journal 108, 1009-1025 Furman, J and J.E Stiglitz (1998), Economic Crises: Evidence and Insights from East Asia,” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 2, 1-135 Grenville,...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2012, 09:27

... Environmental Quality Standards (or Ambient Environment Standard), (2) Effluent Standards; and (3) Supporting Standards (testing, sampling standards etc) Most of supporting standards are adapted ... some are set mandatory by MoNRE So far, of 360 environmental standards, one third is made mandatory including parameters of solid waste and wastewater Standards of dust, chemicals and emissions ... terms of economic and environmental state; (2) perceptions and barriers to their improvement of their environmental performance; and (3) their responses to the current environmental standards and...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2013, 18:48

... a highly repeatable and easy to measure method for estimating biofilm activity (Hanes and Irvine, 1968) Moreover, it is possible to separate a specific microbial activity and quantify it by adding ... artificial wastewater was fish extract 40 g･l-1, NH4Cl g･l-1, and KH2PO4 g･l-1 (TOC, T-N, and T-P are 16, 7.4, and 2.6 g･l-1, respectively), and a feed pump was used for continuous addition at a rate ... and gravels in a gabion, peeling all attached deposits, and fixing the capacities of brick-filled channel to 0.6 l and the gravel-filled channel to l This was filtered with a mm mesh sieve, and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... American business and the consequent greater ability to relocate productive operations in response to tax incentives See Razin and Slemrod (1990), Giovannini, Hubbard, and Slemrod (1993), and Feldstein, ... technology and its transmission across borders National tax policies affect the costs and returns to R&D performed by multinational firms, and have the potential to influence the location of innovative activity ... Hines Jr of economic activity to its tax treatment The lessons provided by such investigations carry valuable implications for a broad range of domestic and international policies, and deepen...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:17

... Limongi, “Political Regimes and Economic Growth,” The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Summer 1993, 51-69 Rodrik, Dani, “Understanding Economic Policy Reform,” Journal of Economic Literature, March ... of Economics, August 1995, 681712 Pritchett, Lant, Economic Growth: Hills, Plains, Mountains, Plateaus and Cliffs,” unpublished paper, World Bank, October 1997 Przeworski, Adam, and Fernando ... 1980-84, 1985-89, and 1990-94 OLS and random effects regressions include a constant term and dummies for East Asia, Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, socialist countries, OECD members, and oil exporters...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 20:15

... Przeworski, A and Limongi, F (1993) “Political Regimes and Economic Growth,” Journal of Economic Perspectives 7: 51–69 Przeworski, A., Alvarez, M.E., Cheibub, J.A and Limongi, F (2000) Democracy and Development: ... Shleifer, Andrei and Vishny, Robert W (1993) “Corruption,” Quarterly Journal of Economics 108: 599–617 Sirowy, Larry and Inkeles, Alex (1990) “The Effects of Democracy on Economic Growth and Inequality: ... Princeton University Press Knack, S and Keefer, P (1995) “Institutions and Economic Performance: Cross-Country Tests using Alternative Institutional Measures,” Economics and Politics 7(3): 207–28 Krueger,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 20:15