stem cells and cancer stem cells new insights

... mechanisms may lead to new therapeutic strategies to sensitize endothelial cells to anti-angiogenic and conventional anti-tumor treatments In this study, we therefore exposed endothelial cells to cyclic ... hours (H0-1, H0-2 and H0-3, respectively); after the 3-h hypoxia, cells were reoxygenated (R) for 30 (B) Endothelial cells were exposed to three cycles of h hypoxia (H1, H2 and H3) interrupted ... continuous hypoxia and cyclic hypoxia (CyH; · h) on (C) HIF-1a protein accumulation (at H3) and (D) COX-2 mRNA expression (at R3) in endothelial cells (**P < 0.01 versus normoxia; §P < 0.05 and §§P

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... Section Neural Stem Cells as Progenitor Cells Chapter Systems for ex-vivo Isolation and Culturing of Neural Stem Cells Simona Casarosa, Jacopo Zasso and Luciano Conti Chapter Neural Stem Cell Heterogeneity ... endothelial cells express the Notch ligand Jagged1 and can active neural stem cells regulating maintenance and proliferation both in vitro and in vivo thus implying that activated neural stem cells ... drive the generation of new cells (Wilson et al., 2008; Essers et al., 2009; Fuchs, 2009; Li and Clevers, 2010) These active 31 32 Neural Stem Cells - New Perspectives stem cells are the force behind...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 19:20

... shown that a large Rs will induce the decrease of FF and JSC By reducing Rs, FF and JSC are increased and thus the 18 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions device performance is improved At the ... generations, some novel scientific ideas and technical solutions, which has not properly approved, new methods of research and testing of solar cells and modules have been collected in the fourth ... III: thickness is longer than both hole and electron drift lengths 8 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions If L is longer than drift lengths of electrons and holes, that is to say that the lifetimes...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... construction of cells based metal-oxides (Bauer et al., 2001; Sayamar et al., 1994; He et al., 1999; Tennakone et al., 1999; 28 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Bandara & Tennakone, 2001) and composite ... Wavelength (nm) Fig Transmittance spectra, ZnO/Glass and ZnO/FTO (a), AZO/Glass and AZO/FTO (b), IZO/Glass and IZO/FTO (c) 35 36 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Fig Photoconductivity spectra versus ... low bending rigidity and environmental friendly processing potential5-6 Various photovoltaic materials and devices similar to solar 44 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions cells integrated with...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... cell materials and manufacturing techniques 66 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions are suitable and applicable for flexible and non-transparent textiles, especially tapes and fibers, with ... development of organic and polymeric photovoltaics Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 83, 125 [12] Granstrom, M., Petritsch, K., Arias, A.C., Lux, A., Andersson, M.R and Friend, R.H (1998) ... E and Krebs F C Low band gap polymers for organic photovoltaics Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 91 (11), 2007, 954-985 [34] Kroon R, Lenes M, Jan C Paul H, Blom W M, Boer B de “Small Bandgap...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... solar cells – ligand exchange from original long alkyl ligands to shorter molecules e.g pyridine, and chemical surface treatment and washing for reducing the ligand shell A combination of ligand ... electrons and holes relax to the band edges 106 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Most low band gap polymers are from the material classes of thiophene, fluorene, carbazole, and cylopentadithiophene ... enhancing the performance of hybrid solar cells (down) 102 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Pyridine ligand exchange is the most commonly used and effective postsynthetic procedure so...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... improvement In order to understand the difference in charge transport properties in treated 142 22 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH and untreated cells, dark IV curves were ... 1,8-di(R)octanes with 136 16 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH R = Cl, CN, and CO2 CH3 showed large scale phase separation with round-shape domains and no indication of a bicontinuous ... Nanomorphology and Performance of Polymer-Based Solar Cells Relation Between Nanomorphology and Performance of Polymer-Based Solar Cells 139 19 5.1 Power conversion efficiency and current-voltage...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... Oxidation and a Study of Its Physical and Electrical Properties Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol.51, No.3-4, (February 1998), pp 305-316, ISSN 0927-0248 184 Solar Cells – New Aspects and ... tropical and rainforests are being 188 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions cut down for different purpose and by different reason and some of the forest are being burned for slash and burn ... cultivate with 196 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions wastewater containing other reduced organic and inorganic compounds and exhaust containing carbon dioxide, and the electrochemical reducing...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... performance of solar cells The proposed concepts include, among others, third-generation devices such as tandem cells, hot carrier cells, impurity photovoltaic and intermediate-band cells (Green, 2003) ... parameters describing the position and curvature of the conduction band bottom and the valence band top Then, the miniband structure of the conduction and valence bands can be calculated with the ... periodicity the conduction and valence bands split into a set of minibands In this regime of length and energy we can regard the system as continuous on the atomic scale and, in the case of direct...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... in Fig 10 and 2.9% in average of 12 samples to 5.1% in the average (Table 2) The formation of 242 Solar Cells New Aspects and Solutions continuous microporous layer (Figs 8a and 11a, and condition ... increased photovoltage (VOC), and decreased fill factor (F.F.) of the solar cells The formation of macroand microporous combined structure (Figs 8b and c, and conditions d and e in Table 1, respectively) ... density (jSC) and fill factor (F.F.), and thus increased the conversion efficiency (S) of solar cells (Fig 11b, and conditions d and e in Table 2) The decrease of particle density and size of Pt...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... results, for light transmission, absorption and loss in fiber-based organic solar cells using ray tracing 276 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions and optical path iteration A patent was developed ... photovoltaic tape and fiber by modifying planar organic solar cell sequence The non-transparent and non-conductive polymeric materials (PP tapes and fibers) were used as substrate and dip coating and thermal ... sample before and after Zn2+ surface modification, the fast decay times were 4.5 and ps, and the slow decay times were 53 ps and 25 ps, respectively It indicates that the hole and electron relaxation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... wide band gap range of 0.65–3.4 eV in InxGa1-x N, this material is considered to be one of the most promising candidates for third-generation photovoltaic cells 308 Solar Cells – New Aspects and ... J (2003) Electrical and chemical characterization of the Schottky barrier formed between 324 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions clean n-GaN (0001) surfaces and Pt, Au, and Ag, Journal of ... electrons (and light and heavy holes in the valence band); photo-excited electrons escape thermionically from the wells and form excess current in the conduction band On the other hand, incident...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions tandem solar cells and moderately efficient organic based photovoltaic solar cells (Sean and Ghassan, 2005; Currie et al., 2008) The technology and science ... 348 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Where Eg is optical band gap and the constant n is 1/2 for direct band gap material and n is for indirect band gap The value of the optical band gap, ... p-n and p-i-n based solar cell design with ZnO and TiO2 are an n-type layer and CuSCN as a p-type layer Fig Solar Cell Design (a) p-n and (b) p-i-n structure 352 Solar Cells – New Aspects and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... dissipation and work production We found that this antenna pigments make 77% of all 380 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions pigment molecula in a photosystem Their existance and participation ... such as a-Si/a-SiGe/a-SiGe(tandem) and a-Si/nc-Si/nc-Si (tandem) SCs The last efficiency reported for a-Si/a-SiGe/a-SiGe(tandem) is about 10.4% and for a-Si/nc-Si/nc-Si (tandem) is approximately ... unique thermodynamic system while the expression dU=TdS–pdV for internal energy U, entropy S, and volume V holds the properties of the fundamental 384 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions equation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... solar cell and module Solar Energy, Vol.77, No.6, pp 939–949 414 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Yan, B.; Yue, G.; Xu, X.; Yang, J.; and Guha, S (2010) High efficiency amorphous and nanocrystalline ... between 2.6×10-4 and 4.7×10-4cm2V-1s-1 and similar absorption spectra, covering the whole visible region 442 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Chart BDT based narrow band gap polymers ... Realization of high efficiency micromorph tandem silicon solar cells on glass and plastic substrates: Issues and potential Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells, Vol.95, No.1, pp 127-130 Mohammadpour,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... The small band gap and lowest LUMO energy level render silole outstanding optoelectronic properties such as high PL efficiency and excellent electron mobility (Chen & Cao, 2007) Random and alternating ... of 5.1% with Jsc = 12.7 mA/cm2, Voc=0.68 V and FF = 0.55 Chart 13 Structures of low band gap polymers P33, P34 and P35 468 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Conclusion In this chapter, main ... stability; suitable HOMO/LUMO level and solubility 454 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions 2.1 Large absorption coefficient For polymers used in solar cells, a large absorption coefficient...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions appearance of the current-voltage curves of combined CdS/CdSe QD-sensitized solar cells is different from those of CdSe QD-sensitized solar cells Figure and ... combined CdS/CdSe (●) and CdSe without a preadsorbed CdS QD layer (○) 486 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Fig Dependence of the photovoltaic parameters( (c) FF and (d) η ) on the adsorption ... adsorption and passivation effect of CdS QDs on the nanostructured TiO2 surface The short-circuit current (Jsc) in combined CdS/CdSe QD-sensitized solar cells shows 488 Solar Cells – New Aspects and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 11:20

... shown that a large Rs will induce the decrease of FF and JSC By reducing Rs, FF and JSC are increased and thus the 18 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions device performance is improved At the ... construction of cells based metal-oxides (Bauer et al., 2001; Sayamar et al., 1994; He et al., 1999; Tennakone et al., 1999; 28 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Bandara & Tennakone, 2001) and composite ... Wavelength (nm) Fig Transmittance spectra, ZnO/Glass and ZnO/FTO (a), AZO/Glass and AZO/FTO (b), IZO/Glass and IZO/FTO (c) 35 36 Solar Cells – New Aspects and Solutions Fig Photoconductivity spectra versus...

Ngày tải lên: 26/06/2014, 23:20

... mucus-producing cells, the insoluble mucus gel layer adhering to the mucosal surface and the gastric lumen in a solubilized Gastritis and Gastric Cancer – New Insights in Gastroprotection, Diagnosis and ... Fig Distribution of cells constituting the oxyntic gland Fig Polymeric structure of mucin molecules Gastritis and Gastric Cancer – New Insights in Gastroprotection, Diagnosis and Treatments properties ... compounds contain a 14 Gastritis and Gastric Cancer – New Insights in Gastroprotection, Diagnosis and Treatments Fig 11 Structures and pharmacological activities of lafutidine and its analogs Mucin biosynthetic...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 04:20

... Electrochemical Cells with the Liquid Electrolyte in the Study of Semiconductor, Metallic and Oxide Systems Valery Vassiliev and Weiping Gong Recent Developments for Applications of Electrochemical Cells ... science and technology, the research field of electrochemical cells has been more and more involved in the emerging areas of nano-technology, bio-technology, and novel energy storage and conversion ... disks, bands, and cylinders) have been deduced (Molina et al., 2011a) Electrochemical cells with bulk resistance Mathematical modeling of kinetics and mass-transfer in electrochemical events and...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 17:20