specific features of supercritical hydrothermal synthesis

... development of antigenomic therapies, such a reagent might also be useful in investigating the rate of turnover of mtDNA and in the derivation of mtDNA-free (q°) clones of the large number of cell ... addition of a TPP-moiety has been used to drive the selective uptake of a wide variety of Ó FEBS 2003 Fig Selective uptake of mitoDC-81 by mitochondria and subsequent alkylation of mtDNA The uptake of ... response of the electrode was then calibrated by sequential additions of lM mitoDC-81, which showed the expected logarithmic response of the electrode to cation concentra- Results Synthesis of mitoDC-81...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:20

... Sn(OH)4 hydrothermal condition (Sn(OH)6 ) −→ SnO2 + 2H2 O 2− hydrothermal condition −→ SnO2 + 2H2 O + 2OH− (7) (8) The concentration of tin ions in solution is of influencing to the diameter of nanowires ... investigated the synthesis of SnO2 nanowires/nanoneedles by a low-temperature (95–98 ◦ C) hydrothermal method The asgrown SnO2 nanowires have diameters of 50–150 nm and lengths of 10–100 ␮m The ... between SnCl4 and NH4 OH of (1:20) (Fig 2b) In the inset of Fig 2b the end planes of the SnO2 nanowires clearly reflect the tetragonal symmetry The products consisted of nanowires as well as nanoparticles...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:47

... structure, and (c) schematic diagram of testing system dissolved in 20 ml of distilled water and a designated amount of Na2 WO4 ·2H2 O was dissolved in 20 ml of distilled water After mixing the ... Fig shows the XRD patterns of the R30, R5, and R0.5 powders prepared by HT of precursors at 450 ◦ C for h The R30 powders 2.2 Characterization of sample The morphologies of the precursors and powders ... (d) and (f)) Thus, the morphology of the powders could be designed in the stage of hydrothermal reaction The WO3 microspheres after HT (R30 powders) consisted of many small primary particles (10–20...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... of reaction time, the XRD patterns of samples at the whole process show that the crystallinities of the samples were continuously improved When the samples maintained for h, the XRD pattern of ... al / Journal of Alloys and Compounds 433 (2007) 216–220 Fig (A) TEM image of the sample produced at 140 ◦ C for h (B) TEM image of the sample produced at 140 ◦ C for h The insets of (A and B) ... pattern of the rodlike ␣-FeOOH nanocrystallines taken on a mass of ␣-FeOOH nanorods reveals the satisfactory crystallinity of the sample, which can be indexed to the pure Fig TEM image of the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... hydrothermal conditions has focused our interest to utilize EDTA in the synthesis of 1D h-WO3 nanocrystals with different morphologies Therefore, the present work investigates the synthesis of ... control over the shapes of nanowire bundles and nanorods, allowing the formation of urchin-like crystalline h-WO3 via simple substitution of NH4 + in place of Na+ ions of EDTA salt solutions Experimental ... morphology of WO3 nanowire and/or urchin-like structures In this paper, the authors report on the synthesis of 1D hWO3 nanostructure using EDTA salt solutions and sodium sulfate through a simple hydrothermal...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... N Popescu-Pogrion, Hydrothermal transformation of a-FeOOH into a-Fe2O3 in the presence of silicon oxide, Mater Letters 27 (1996) 253 [6] Y Li, H Liao, Hydrothermal synthesis of ultra®ne Fe2O3 ... e€ects of this thin layer measurement is the enhanced intensity of the second and ®fth lines of the spectra, in the case of oxides This behaviour can be explained by the preferential orientation of ... particles, parallel to the surface of the sample Consequently, the mentioned enhancement of the M lines can be a measure of the orientation of the particles at the surface of the green body To illustrate,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... FE-SEM images of TNAs grown on PT-substrate at an annealing temperature of 700 8C and at a hydrothermal growth temperature of 160 8C and growth time of h (a) PT-substrate; (b) top view of TNAs; (c) ... distribution of TiO2 nanorods grown on PT-substrate at an annealing temperature of 700 8C and at a hydrothermal growth temperature of 160 8C and with growth time of h Fig SEM image of TiO2 nanorod ... the hydrothermal precursor solution at a hydrothermal growth temperature of 160 8C and with growth time of h Fig TEM images of TiO2 nanorods grown on PT-substrate at an annealing temperature of...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... data of one of the phases, a mono- Results and Discussion The title compound is initially isolated from the hydrothermal reaction of WO , en, NaOH and H O in polycrystalline form Replacement of ... the hydrothermal cooperate assembly of tungsten oxide composite materials The strong solvating effect of water in combination with the structure-directing role of organoamines under the hydrothermal ... interesting or useful properties Conclusion The successful synthesis of compound ŽC H 10 N2 wW3 O 10 x illustrates the power of hydrothermal synthesis in engineering organicrinorganic solid materials...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... image of the (1 1) plane of anatase TiO2 , which showed the formation of single crystalline anatase TiO2 nanowires in our experiments The growth of single-crystalline TiO2 nanowires in the hydrothermal ... TEM image of a single anatase TiO2 nanowire with a diameter of 40 nm The inset shows a [0 0] SAED recorded perpendicular to the long axis of the wire (b) The corresponding HRTEM image of the nanowire ... presputtered with a layer of conducting Pt metal Samples for TEM observation were prepared by 10 ultrasonic dispersion of a small amount of sample in absolute ethanol; a drop of the solution was then...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... evidence of the solubility limits of Sn4þ in the hematite structure and of Fe3þ in SnO2 are discussed the compositional uniformity The determined average values of x; for the analyzed series of mixed ... with coordinates of ð0; 0; zÞ occupy 2/3 of the octahedral holes in successive oxygen layers, and 1/3 of the octahedral holes with coordinates of ð0; 0; 0Þ are empty In the case of our samples, ... preparative methods In this paper we report the synthesis of the (1 x)aFe2O3 – xSnO2 nanoparticles via a hydrothermal route over the entire concentration range of x ¼ 0:0 – 1:0: X-ray (XRD) and electron...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... obtained in the standard condition and (b) standard of WO3·H2O on the basis of JCPDS data (JCPDS No 18-1418) Fig Time evolutions of (a) the mean size of particle and COV and corresponding TEM images ... used instead of Na2WO4 Alternatively, HCl was replaced by HClO4, HNO3, or H2SO4 Because Li2WO4 did not dissolve in distilled water, it was used in a form of dispersion Fig XRD patterns of (a) particles ... Fig SEM image of obtained particles in the standard condition and their size distribution evaluated from TEM observations standard condition Also, the influence of counter ions of the starting...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 16:48

... purification, decomposition of NOx and improvement of living conditions by removal of various pollutants, etc [19–21] In this paper, we also demonstrated the preparation of TiO2 whisker by extracting ... powder made of TiO2 spherical particles was hydrothermally treated in an autoclave at 200 1C for various times Fig demonstrates the microstructural evolution of TiO2 particles with hydrothermal ... growth of the reprecipitated particles to the whiskers with a specific direction In addition, the solubility of the spherical particles for the NaOH can increase as the time and temperature of hydrothermal...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... concentration of NaOH and higher temperature The experiment was also carried out with different concentrations of the alkali and at different temperatures These TiO2 nanofibres can be formed via the hydrothermal ... of ≈ nm and a length of ≈100 nm when sol–gel-derived fine TiO2-based powders were treated chemically (e.g., for 20 h at 110 °C) with a 5–10 M NaOH aqueous solution, we have prepared TiO2 nanofibres ... about 110 °C, short TiO2 nanotubes were formed Thus the growth process of TiO2 nanofibres is controlled by the concentration of the alkali and temperature Micron-sized TiO2 is used as the precursor...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... in the presence of CTAB and the morphologies of WO3 were independent of the HCl When 1.2 g Na2S and 0.8 g CTAB were added at the same time, the morphologies Fig XRD patterns of WO3 nanobelts ... be concluded that addition of Na2S and CTAB at the same time is important and both of them affect corporately on the formation of WO3 nanobelts The growth mechanism of crystal is determined by ... formation of WO3 nanobelts The effect should be able to be extended to the synthesis of other 1D nanomaterial Acknowledgments We wish to acknowledge the financial support from the Foundation of Educational...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... Zheng YF Hydrothermal synthesis of tungsten oxide nanobelts Mater Lett 2006;60:3405–8 Song XC, Zheng YF, Yang E, Wang Y Large-scale hydrothermal synthesis of WO3 nanowires in the presence of K2SO4 ... revealing the similar morphological feature of the products as observed by SEM Thiourea is widely used as a source of sulfur in the hydrothermal synthesis of transition metal sulfides [13–15] However, ... the proceeding of the reaction Such self-assembly of nanoparticles is favorable to decrease the surface energy of the system Scheme – Schematic of the process for the formation of WO3 submicrospheres...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... with general features of nanomaterials Diffraction peaks of Fig (a) SEM, (b) SEM, (c)TEM images of WO3 nanowires synthesized at 180 °C for 12 h with 40 g K2SO4 Fig XRD patterns of WO3 nanowires ... speculated that the content of the assisted K2SO4 plays an important role in the specific morphologies of WO3 No nanowires of WO3 could be obtained without K2SO4, and the purity of the nanowires only ... morphologies of synthesized WO3 with different amounts of K2SO4 were shown in Fig 4a–c Fig 4a is the TEM image of the sample obtained without K2SO4, which has a lamellar structure with diameter of about...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... Preparation of titanate nanosheets Monodispersed spherical titanate nanosheets were prepared by hydrothermal treatment in ammonia solution An amount of 0.3 g of AS was suspended in 60 ml of ammonia ... smooth with size of 250 to 450 nm Fig shows the high magnification SEM images of hydrothermally prepared samples prepared for 12 and 24 h at 60 to 120 °C Fig SEM images of samples hydrothermally ... The amount of g of sample was suspended in aqueous methanol solution (800 mL distilled H2O, 80 mL methanol) by means of magnetic stirrer in an inner irradiation-type photoreactor made of Pyrex...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... different hydrothermal temperatures that the length of the ZnO-NWZ increases and the diameter of the ZnO-NWZ enlarge extremely with the increase of the hydrothermal temperature as compared to that of ... crystal grain size of the seed layer As can be seen in Fig 2, the quantity of the crystal grains within the unit area of the AZO Diameter of the ZnO NWs / nm Fig Effect of the hydrothermal growth ... is that the small crystal grain of the AZO seed layer restricts the cross-growth of the ZnO NWs The length of the ZnO-NWA also increases with the raising of the hydrothermal temperature from 80...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:22

... case of the preparation of prism-like particles, adding rate of the NaOH solution is rapid; thus, the concentration of OHÀ ions in the system becomes suddenly high leading to the formation of a ... of In(OH)3 nuclei happen simultaneously, zinc complex species still presented in the system can be capped in course of the formation of In(OH)3 particles At the end of the formation process of ... the concentration of indium ions owing to the formation of rising amount of In(OH)3 nanoparticles (Table 4) 3.2 Optical properties of nanocomposites The UV–Vis optical properties of ZnO and ZnOAIn(OH)3...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:24

... obtained ZnO samples by hydrothermal synthesis at 150 1C for 10 h The morphology and structure of the prepared ZnO products are first characterized by SEM Fig indicates SEM images of the prepared ZnO ... lot of ZnO nuclei (Fig 5a) were formed rapidly via the decomposition of the precursor precipitates under the hydrothermal conditions (150 1C) Previous works show that the high concentration of ... formation of ZnO with rod-like morphology [30] The concentration of NH3 Á H2O is 15 mol/L in present experiment, and therefore a large number of ZnO nanorods were synthesized from the growth of ZnO...

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 13:24