segmentation as a graph problem

... specification language and show how LTAG grammaticality can be encoded as a PDDL problem and how we can reconstruct an LTAG derivation from the plan 2.1 Tree-adjoining grammars The grammar formalism ... ground atoms of predicate logic that are true in this state; all other atoms are assumed to be false Actions have a number of parameters, as well as a precondition and effect, both of which are ... the planning operators After a brief review of LTAG and PDDL, we first focus on syntax alone and show how to cast the problem of generating grammatically well-formed LTAG trees as a planning problem...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... the adjacency matrix of a graph (digraph) G The line digraph of a → − → − digraph D, denoted by L D, is the digraph defined as follows: V ( L D) = A( D) and the electronic journal of combinatorics ... m(= l) Case A: j = l Case B: j = l i = l(= m) Case C: j = m Case D: j = m i = m and i = l Case E: j = m(= l) Case F: j = l(= m) Case G: j = m and j = l For each case we count the possible paths ... Graph equivalence and characterization via a continuous evolution of a physical analog, cond-mat/0209112 [7] F Harary, Frank and R Z Norman, Some properties of line digraphs, Rend Circ Mat Palermo...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 13:21

... demyelinating disease, all of which presented as a mass lesion mimicking a tumor Case presentation Case A 42-year-old Malay woman was referred to us for the surgical management of an intramedullary ... patients on whom the case series is based References 10 11 12 Hayashi T, Kumabe T, Jokura H, Fujihara K, Shiga Y, Watanabe, Higano S, Shirane R: Inflammatory demyelinating disease mimicking malignant ... Journal of Medical Case Reports 2009, 3:7407 http://jmedicalcasereports.com/jmedicalcasereports/article/view/7407 Introduction Inflammatory demyelinating diseases can present as a mass lesion,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 17:21

... which adaptive algorithm to use is application-dependent and each one comes with its associated advantages and disadvantages The LMS-type algorithms are lowcomplexity solutions that have relatively ... channel as a means to simulate the performance of digital communications systems was advanced by Proakis [1] and has found subsequent use throughout the communications literature [2, 3] It has ... that a bandpass transmitted pulse train has an equivalent low pass representation [1] ∞ An p(t − nT ) s(t) = (31.2) n=0 where {An } is the information bearing symbol set, p(t) is the equivalent...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 06:16

... Speech and Natural Language, pages 233–237, Morristown, NJ, USA Association for Computational Linguistics Ravi Sinha and Rada Mihalcea 2007 Unsupervised graph- basedword sense disambiguation using ... of a word as its variable Each agent wi is associated with the variable swi The value assigned to this variable indicates the sense assigned by the algorithm A DCOP (Modi, 2003; Modi et al., ... DCOP algorithm perform better than page-rank algorithm used in their graph based setting Thus, for knowledgebased WSD, DCOP framework is a potential alternative to graph based models Table also...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... propose an alternative This alternative is based on the observation that phrase-based decoding can be very naturally cast as a Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), one of the best studied problems ... estimate of the remaining cost for completing the translation The variant which is mostly used is a form of beam-search, where several partial candidates are maintained in parallel, and candidates ... path and stack algorithms David L Applegate, Robert E Bixby, Vasek Chvatal, and William J Cook 2007 The Traveling Salesman Problem: A Computational Study (Princeton Series in Applied Mathematics)...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 07:20

... 2.3 Paraphrase Acquisition Our method of extraction of paraphrasing verbs and prepositions is similar to previous paraphrase acquisition approaches Lin and Pantel (2001) extract paraphrases from ... verbal analogy problems, yielding 47% accuracy The same approach is applied to classifying noun-modifier pairs: using the Diverse dataset of Nastase and Szpakowicz (2003), Turney&Littman achieve ... content, equative, material, measure, topic, type) For example, exam anxiety is classified as effect and therefore as CAUSALITY, and blue book is property and therefore also PARTICIPANT Some examples...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 01:20

... which can be solved efficiently Assuming small variance of measurement errors and enough available reference nodes, a linear estimator can also be derived to solve the problem that is asymptotically ... error (shown as big dashed circle) is assumed to be a NLOS measurement As shown, a large positive measurement error does not have any effect on the intersection, and POCS will automatically ignore ... estimation based on, for instance, time of flight for a reasonable signal-to-noise ratio [43] In contrast to POCS, which tries to find a point in the feasible set as an estimate, outer approximation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... path extremal graphs and an application to a Ramsey-type problem, Disc Math 196 (1999), 51-64 [3] Y Caro and R Yuster, Graphs with large variance, Ars Combinatoria, in press [4] D de Caen, An ... x1 and ab+1 is a neighbor of xb As in the previous cases we can obtain a Pk of the form a0 , a1 , x1 , a2 , x2 , a3 , , ab−1 , xb−1 , ab , xb , ab+1 , ab+2 The only remaining case is that ... extremal graph) It would be somewhat more convenient to use the following less accurate upper bound for t(n, Pk ), that is always at least as large as the value in Lemma 3.1 Corollary 3.2 If G has...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 06:20

... gender was also negatively associated with CBCL attention problems The socio-economic status (SES) of participating families was negatively associated with parental intrusiveness, and positively associated ... needed, has also been regarded as an important factor in explaining the individual difference in externalizing problem behaviors Parental 10    provision of positive as well as negative emotion has ... behaviors for African Americans as well as for children from mainland China (Chen, Wu, Chen, Wang, & Cen, 2001; Whiteside-Mansell et al., 2003) Explaining the Mechanism As research has generally confirmed...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:31

... that learning a language as an adult included both advantages and disadvantages Adult learners could enjoy the benefits in language learning since they already knew a language, knew what language ... crucial In Vietnam, the English language has been learned and taught as a foreign language, like other foreign languages such as French, Russian, Chinese, and in these days, Korean, German, Japanese, ... advantages In fact, when learning a foreign language as an adult, learners had to face many troubles, as follows: - The natural language ability is lost 19 - Speech organs have formed a habit and the...

Ngày tải lên: 01/06/2016, 17:40

... packages có tên samba rpm –qa samba* => liệt kê packages có tên bắt đầu samba rpm –qa | grep samba => liệt kê packages có tên ch a samba rpm –qd samba => liệt kê files tài liệu liên quan đến samba ... a Cao, Q.1, TP.HCM Tel: (84-8) 38244041 – 0989012418 www.athena.edu.vn - Bạn liệt kê danh sách packages cài đặt (Installed packages) danh sách packages dùng cho bạn download (Available packages) ... (configuration) liệt kê tập tin cấu hình package 3/ Gở bỏ package (Erase): Chú ý: Nếu gỡ bỏ package mà package phụ thuộc vào package khác gỡ bỏ ta dùng thêm tuỳ chọn nodeps  Lỗi package samba-3.0.23c-2.rpm...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 10:21

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2012, 10:24

... Cochran-Armitage trend test was performed in order to test if a gradual increase in sickness absence was associated with increase in risk of disability pension The SAS procedure PROC GENMOD (SAS ... than days of absence per annum decreased from 2.77 to 2.68, and remained significant There was an increased risk of disability pension for people who were smokers at baseline, whereas there was ... was stronger among men (OR=3.13) than among women (OR=2.19) (Table 2) Additional analysis treating days of sickness absence during 1990 as a continuous variable showed a clear trend of increase...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 10:03

... mammalian hosts These animals, usually pigs, act as a transformer or converters; creating a strain that can more readily infect humans Pigs can be infected with both avian and human influenza A ... horses, seals, whales, and many types of birds as well as humans This can be a trans-species virus Type B infects only humans [8] Animals act as reservoirs for this influenza virus and Gelbalt [7] ... as a protease to cleave HA which creates a systemic infection as well [1] Taubenberger [1] reported that this transformation was not observed in the1918 strain, or in strains “captured” in nature...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 11:12

... straight away without stopping at a petrol station After having talked and talked and talked, and when I finally managed to dismiss her with fake half-promises and sat back into my car at last ... I knew it wasn’t so A more ominous explanation came to my mind Maybe everything was real, and it was taken for granted that I was dead, just I wasn’t! My brain was still working, and I would ... body Admiration and even something like awe Was he awed because she was dead, by the mystery of death? No, he was awed because in his eyes she was beautiful, a beautiful young woman… For a split...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 09:08

... 2005), he also makes a distinction between task-based teaching and tasksupported teaching The task-based teaching occurs when the teaching is based exclusively on meaning-focus tasks, and the task-supported ... functions and language notions are taught to learners at the same time with the assumption that language learning relates to learning formulaic expressions of language as well as learning rules of language ... II.1 A review of language teaching approaches Teaching language has received much focus for the past few decades So many approaches and methods such as Audiolingual Method, Total Physical Response,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:44

... pleasantness ratings, the aroma concentration had a similar effect on both age groups in the first tasting session: the heightened aroma sample was rated as less pleasant than the regular aroma sample ... Preliminary data analysis revealed no significant main effects and only one significant interaction of day and aroma on the pleasantness ratings of the young, implicating an increase in pleasantness ... a small food reward after the last evaluation session Samples The sample material was a fermented oat bran product (Yosaw, Bioferme, Finland), which is a cereal-based snack food similar to flavored...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2013, 21:06

... BA R = B B A where AUC is the area under the curve Statistical analysis All data are presented as a mean value with its standard deviation indicated (mean ± SD) Statistical analysis was conducted ... (Mw = 200,000) was purchased from Hayashibara (Tokyo, Japan) Epirubicin·HCl (EPI·HCl) was purchased from Hisun Pharmaceutical Co (Zhejiang, China) Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with an average molecular weight ... main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS 1.0 (Anhui, China) program Bioavailability (BA) is a measurement of the rate and extent of a therapeutically active drug that reaches the...

Ngày tải lên: 23/04/2013, 21:38

... Piping and Conveyance, Surge/Balancing Tanks, Filters, Pump and delivery piping system A separate sanitary plumbing system has to be installed to separate the grey water from the wastewater discharges ... irrigation and also landscaping Mature Cotton plants Photo: Texas A& M University Young Tomato Plants Photo: Texas A & M University The Water Environment Research Foundation, USA carried out a study ... Grey Water Reuse As A Sustainable Alternative Water Resource The laundry greywater is more contaminated with faecal pathogens from soiled clothing than the bathroom source, though laundry water...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 08:20