... was developed in response to the increasing use of mobile computers in order toenable computers to maintain Internet connection during their movement from one Internet access point to another. ... tunneled using IP. An L2TP access concentrator is the client end of Security Issuesin Wireless Systems 337Figure 12.4 The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) standard 12 Security Issuesin WirelessSystemsThe ... otherwiseconform to Internet address standards. Figure 12.4 shows the main components of the Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP). For data transmission using PPTP, tunneling makes useof two...
... in the context of ethical issues in withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. He writes, ‘Life-sustaining treatmentimplies that treatment is being given in order to maintain or create the bestpossible ... now face a growing number of controversial issues involving human reproduction. To illustrate the variety of issues, considerthe following three scenarios. In the Wrst case, involving a pregnant ... according to theview in question, infants lack a right to life. However, this is at odds with ourmoral intuitions, according to which infants have moral interests that deserveprotection, including...
... cloning, andcalls for fully informing the public and stimulating debate.157Ethical issuesin embryo interventions and cloning ConclusionCloning is only one example, among the many discussed in ... which153Ethical issuesin embryo interventions and cloning 9Ethical issuesin embryo interventionsand cloningFrancáoise ShenWeldCentre for Medical Ethics, UCL Medical School, London, UKIntroductionAlthough ... pertinent.Indeed if dignity has to be deWned in any essential manner, as it must be ifenshrined in international declarations, it is the unique quality of all humanbeings, also recognized in...
... be severe gastrointestinal abnormalities and renalagenesis making death inevitable from renal failure within a very few days.Consideration of withholding or withdrawing life-saving medical treat-ment ... Ethical issuesin withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from handicappedneonates – in the presence of uncertainty.light of the best scientiWc knowledge available. The future for the infant mustbe ... withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatmentsfrom handicapped neonates revolve around good discussion within theclinical team and with the parents. All should have equal involvement in thediscussion,...
... Unsurprisingly, uptake in these countries is high (as well as in Sweden and the US). In the UK it is much lower but rising (de Cock and71HIV in pregnancy 4HIV in pregnancy: ethical issuesin screening ... 12: 21–6.UK Intercollegiate Working Party for Enhancing Voluntary ConWdential HIV Testing in Pregnancy (1998). Reducing Mother to Child Transmission of HIV Infection in theUnited Kingdom. London: ... disappointingthat at the time of writing, President Mbeki of South Africa appears to bereversing this positive trend. Rather than endorsing a programme of nationalfunding for perinatal zidovudine...
... autonomy. Instead we might face ‘egoism’, ‘socialalienation’, ‘moral indiVerence’ or even ‘moral incapacity’ within such aculture.All in all, I claim that the main problem in Wnding global ... Perspective.Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Wolf, S. (1999). Erasing diVerence: race, ethnicity and gender in bioethics. In Embody-ing Bioethics: Recent Feminist Advances, ed. A. Donchin and L.M. ... that a woman’s rightsand interests (in remaining free from outside interference and control)should have priority. At other times the child’s rights and interests in having adecent quality of...
... the administration of infertility drugs, if ultrasoundmonitoring indicated maturation of multiple follicle cells (Manier, 1998:p. 1). At that point, clinicians might have declined to administer ... procedurewould indicate that it involves terminating fetuses while preserving preg-nancy. Awkward but accurate deWnitions could therefore be any of thefollowing: fetal termination with pregnancy ... (DiVerent feminist standpoints are supported by feminist standpointtheory, which I have described and defended in Mahowald, 1995a.)Within the context of that imperative, targeting some fetuses...
... cannot be linked back to the source. best in the business in the private sector. This type of The main issue then in is in the feeling of anonymity. If benchmarking implies comparing customer ... considered in and the costs involved in obtaining it. It should also be determining whether a survey will or should be used tonoted that collecting that information in person or over the provide comparable ... about all of the aspects involved in the process of determining who your customers are is not alwaysobtaining and using products and services. We targeted straightforward in the Federal Government....
... adaptivescheme. In the remaining sections of this chapter, we discuss the combined issues of robustness andconvergence from a deterministic standpoint. In particular, the following issues are discussed:ã ... tech-nological advancements in digital circuit and VLSI design have spurred an increase in the range ofnew adaptive filtering applications in fields ranging from biomedical engineering to wireless com-munications. ... structure in Fig. 20.5 that has alossless mapping T in its feedforward path and an arbitrary mapping F in its feedback path. Theinput/output signals of interest are denoted by{x, y, r, v,e}. In this...
... can draw the followingtwo conclusions regarding this quantity:ã The misadjustment increases as the step size is increased.ã The misadjustment increases as the lter length is increased.Both results ... requires more information than is typically available in practice. Modeling criteria, such asAkaike’s Information Criterion [18] and minimum description length (MDL) [19] could be used in this situation.Choice ... problems, sound engineering judgment, careful analytical studies, computer simulations,and extensive real-world evaluations and testing should be combined when developing an adaptivefiltering solution...
... deputy project manger.The management of the company including the 4 issues: planning, organizing, leading andcontrolling is as followed: PlanningThe contractor makes the plan and submits to ... within Bac Giang city. Most of the pipes go through areas that people are living,working and doing business. Before laying the pipes, workers must dig and excavate thepavement in front of inhabitants’ ... and international law in related issues. Therefore, sometimes, MTH faceproblems in applying the law to manage the project, which lead to difficulties in inspection andarrange payment among main...
... 5 Security Threats in Link Layer18 Security Threats in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks5.3 Summary Most of the link layer attacks in MANET are removed by enhancing the existing protocol or proposing ... Link Layer AttacksThe securityissues that are closely related to link layer are protecting the wireless MAC protocol and providing link-layer security support. One of the vulnerabilities in ... security threats that may increase packet delivery latency, increase packet loss rate and so on. The main securityissues involved in application layers are detecting and preventing viruses, worms,...
... and it is the software industry counterpart to reverseengineering in industries that manufacture machinery, including computers. In hardwareindustries, reverse engineering is a common practice, ... cloning ofprograms, could have the unintended, negative consequences of inhibiting independentinnovation— a common occurrence, according to Bricklin, in software development— orof discouraging ... implement independently.Third parties would avoid the cost of development incurred by the innovator, Reinsteinacknowledged, but they would have to invest in writing the code to support the interface.Those...
... sending a file out into the Internet containing a list of the Microsoft Office registration information as well as the Internet addresses of the infection chain. So what?The interesting thing ... system.ini, “run=“ or “load=“ in win.ini, or the registry locations above, will contain a reference to the server program. Cleaning involves removing the offending entries and keys and deleting ... sent onto the Internet. Even the tightest site in which I have worked allowed users inside the facility to initiate a connection to the Internet. Traffic originating from the inside is also...