role of halophytes in abiotic stress management

... 2.2 Amino Acids, Proline, and Amides It has been reported that amino acids (such as alanine, arginine, glycine, serine, leucine, and valine, the nonprotein amino acids citrulline and ornithine ... osmolytes in plants subject to salt stress are GB, b-alaninebetaine, prolinebetaine, choline-O-sulphate, hydroxyprolinebetaine, and pipecolatebetaine (Ashraf and Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants: ... mRNAs is suppressed and the expression of a certain set of genes including the luminal binding protein gene BiP is induced The underlying mechanisms of UPR in yeasts and mammals have been well...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... of Figure Apoptosis induction by isoproterenol or propranolol in combination with irradiation in BGC-823 and SGC-7901 cells There was an increasing rate of apoptosis in gastric cancer cell lines ... activity in cancer cells, thus making the cells radioresistant [12] Activation of NF-B by various stimuli, including inflammation, stress and radiation, involves degradation of the inhibitory ... had no cDNA) (B) Expression of b-ARs in human gastric cell lines SGC-7901 and BGC-823 at the protein level by western blotting Both of cell lines expressed the proteins of the b1- and b2-ARs lower...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... inhibitors of PARP activity The variable nature and magnitude of the effects of PARP inhibition on clonogenic survival among these cell lines offered a useful setting in which to investigate ... parameters in CHO-K1 fibroblasts, any radiosensitising effects of NU1025 in V79-379A fibroblasts were rendered non-significant by the radiation-independent effect of the drug Inclusion in the model of ... component of cell killing (δβ non-significant) Similar analysis of the curves in figure 1b indicated that V79-379A cells exhibited significant low-dose hyper-radiosensitivity in the absence of PARP inhibitor,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... of phosphatases from inactivation [26] Inhibitor of serine-threonine phosphatases [27] Inhibitor of tyrosine phosphatases [26] Broad range inhibitor of serine-threonine kinases Inhibits binding ... combination of inhibitors of protein kinases to assess possible involvement of these kinases in UV-B signaling pathway leading to catharanthine accumulation The C roseus cells were treated with inhibitors ... potent inhibitor of serine-threonine kinases, SB 203580, an inhibitor of P38 class of MAP kinase, PD 98059, an inhibitor ERKK class of MAPKK and SB 600125, an inhibitor of Janus kinases were used...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... initially carried out by injecting a sampling of TCE into the slurry of TiO2 to given a final solution of 50 ppm TCE The run in the dark condition (TiO2 alone) showed about 20% of TCE degradation after ... al., 1993) The purpose of our study is to investigate the feasibility of the solar detoxification using TiO2 for degrading TCE contaminated water The effects of solar light intensity, TiO2 concentration ... a loading above this value Additionally, the chloride conversion of 75-85% was observed over a period of 360min in every TiO2 concentration, as shown in Figure 4(b) Finally, three chlorinated...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... activities [4–7], including variations in ring size [5] The secondary structures of these ring-size analogs exhibit a definite periodicity in b-sheet structure, with rings containing six, 10 and ... alone, or of Myr2Gro-PEtn containing mole percent of one of the three ring-size analogs of GS, are presented in Fig Aqueous dispersions of Myr2Gro-PEtn alone, which have not been extensively incubated ... bilayers The initial DSC heating scans of MLVs of Myr2GroPGro alone, or Myr2Gro-PGro MLVs containing mole percent of one of the three GS ring-size analogs studied here, are shown in Fig Aqueous...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 01:21

... with increasing ionic strength of the solvent [31] Therefore, to investigate the effect of NaCl on O2 binding to tetrameric HbA, the contribution of O2 rebinding with dimer to the total protein ... high-affinity sites with an intrinsic binding constant of $ 10 m)1 The data [35,37] have Fig The parameters of O2 binding to the a and b subunits within liganded hemoglobin as a function of NaCl concentration ... JR & Colombo MF (2003) The role of hydration on the mechanism of allosteric regulation: in situ measurements of the oxygen-linked kinetics of water binding to hemoglobin Biophys J 84, 564–570 40...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 14:20

... (nuclei) staining; (B) Mitofluor Red 589 (mitochondria) staining; (C) anti-PHB ⁄ anti-rabbit-FITC staining; (D) merge Arrows indicate staining of PHB D proteins have been shown to be involved in endocytosis ... staining; (B) Mitofluor Red 589 (mitochondria) staining; (C) anti-His (exogenous PHB)-FITC staining; (D) merge The arrows indicate staining of His-tagged PHB in (C) or both PHB and Mitofluor in ... this caused an increase in cleaved caspase-3 in both RINm5F (Fig 8C) and INS-E1 cells (Fig 8D) In a different approach, apoptosis of RINm5F cells was determined by counting free floating cells (Fig...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 08:20

... regulatory role for C/EBPb in pro-inflammatory gene expression in neuroinflammation To define the transcriptional role of C/ EBPb in glial activation we have here studied proinflammatory gene profiles ... treatment, C/EBPb binding was observed in the NOS2 promoter Interestingly, in LPS +IFNg-treated glial cultures C/EBPb binding was observed in all four promoters analyzed and, in the case of the NOS2 ... stimuli also induce C/ EBPb binding to proinflammatory gene promoters but this binding is stronger when induced by LPS+IFNg Lack of C/EBPb results in attenuated expression of proinflammatory...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... increase in the concentration of wear particles It remains uncertain whether our in vitro findings in osteoblast-like cells can be directly transferred to an upregulation or down-regulation of ... supporting the concept of a linkage between the peripheral nervous system and aseptic loosening Our results improve the understanding of alpha-CGRP having an osteoprotective influence on particle-induced ... and analysis and interpretation of data, have been involved in drafting the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content, and have given final approval of the version...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... increase in the concentration of wear particles It remains uncertain whether our in vitro findings in osteoblast-like cells can be directly transferred to an upregulation or down-regulation of ... supporting the concept of a linkage between the peripheral nervous system and aseptic loosening Our results improve the understanding of alpha-CGRP having an osteoprotective influence on particle-induced ... and analysis and interpretation of data, have been involved in drafting the manuscript and revising it critically for important intellectual content, and have given final approval of the version...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... 322 nm in cyclohexane) b-Caroten Bleaching Method Chloroform solutions of 11 lL of b-carotene (1.0 mg/mL), 4.4 lL of linoleic acid (0.1 g/mL) and 22 lL of Tween 40 (0.2 g/mL) were mixed in a quartz ... mixture of fullerene oxide C60On.1 The dotted line indicates the value in the absence The C60On, instead of C60O2 due to the difficulty in availability, was used to investigate the effect of the ... of each linear regression line corresponds to the relative radical scavenging rate constant krrs relative to that of b-carotene The dotted horizontal line indicates the value in the absence of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... arrangement of lumbar vertebrae Fusion of thoracic vertebrae Absence of ribs Fusion of ribs Bifurcation of ribs Shortening of ribs Displasia of sternebrae Missing of sternebrae Hypoplasia of sternebrae ... fixed in Bouin's solution, then stored in 70% ethanol The presence of visceral malformations was determined using Wilson's cross-sectional technique [38] Alizarin red-S and alcian blue staining ... effects in the perinatal period Radiat Res 1965, 25, 611-625 Kimmel, C A and Trammell, C A rapid procedure for routine double staining of cartilage and bone in fetal and adult animals Stain Technol...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:23

... Fusion of thoracic vertebrae Absence of ribs Fusion of ribs Wavy ribs Hypoplasia of ribs Displasia of sternebrae Missing of sternebrae Hypoplasia of sternebrae Curvature of tibia Absence of metatarsal ... An increase in the number of growth-retarded offspring was seen at 0.5 Gy, which increases further as the radiation dose increased A similar effect was seen in the growth parameters, including ... fixed in Bouin's solution, then stored in 70% ethanol The presence of visceral malformations was determined using Wilson's cross-sectional technique [38] Alizarin red-S and alcian blue staining...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 15:20

... litnu ro mutraptsop shtnom fo muminim a rof detcelloc erew atad sredrosid tneirutrapirep fo snoitinifeD tnacifingis deredisnoc erew 50.0< seulav ,stset lla roF AVONA yb dezylana erew noitpecnoc ... ,noisserped ,aixerona ;sngis lacinilc gniwollof eht fo ecneserp eht sa denifed saw sisoteK ypareht muiclac ot esnopser elbarovaf a dna ,niks dloc ,ssenkaew :sngis lacinilc gniwollof eht fo ecneserp eht ... sesac dedulcni sitirtemodne ,eroferehT sngis lacinilc rehto tuohtiw ro htiw noitanimaxe latcer yb devresbo suretu degralne na dna egrahcsid yduolc ;sngis lacinilc gniwollof eht fo ecneserp eht yb...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:21

... involve apoptosis induction implicating a role of proliferation inhibition or the induction of non-apoptotic or delayed cell death modes Impact of ErPC3 and ionizing radiation on the levels of ... characterized by increased expression of phospho-Akt (Ser473) Interestingly, only in a subgroup of the patients increased expression of phospho-Akt correlated with loss or inactivation of its upstream ... distinct potential of the drugs to interfere with Akt signaling We therefore next examined treatment-induced changes in the levels of phospho-serine 473 Akt (p-Akt) Phosphorylation at serine...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... of trypsin and also functions as a weak inhibitor of other serine proteinases [10,11] In addition, TATI has been found to be involved in tissue repair in vitro [12] and to play an important role ... important roles in the remodelling of ECM [5] Trypsin is a potent matrix serine protease (MSP) that hydrolyses a variety of proteins and activates other MSPs and MMPs [8,9] TATI is a trypsin inhibitor ... tumour-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI), also called pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI) and serine protease inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK1), is a biomarker of poor prognosis in colorectal...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:21

... ascertain the low maturation status of the immature B cells a combination of CD38, CD24, and CD10 was used The frequency of expression of CD24/CD10 was clearly increased within the remaining B ... treatment results in a total depletion of CD38 expressing B cells in BM The expression of CD38 in combination with IgD was analysed for further characteristics of B cell maturation in BM shortly ... pronounced decrease in frequency of Rituximab depletes immature and naïve B cells in BM To further evaluate the phenotype of B cells escaping rituximab depletion in BM, a combination of CD27 and IgD...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... modulation of cysteine residues of the p50 subunit of NF-κB Discussion The activation of iNOS catalyzes the formation of a large amount of NO, which plays a key role in the pathogenesis of a variety of ... butyricuminduced arthritis through inhibition of NF-κB DNA-binding activity and expression of iNOS and COX-2 In in vitro studies using Raw 264.7 and THP-1 cells, thiacremonone also inhibited LPS-induced ... effect of thiacremonone on NF-κB activity in colon carcinoma cell lines, in parallel with the inhibitory effect of colon cell growth and induction of apoptosis [15] In this study, we investigated...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22

... for 30 minutes 3H-thymidine was added and B cells were incubated for 24 hours The incorporated radioactivity was quantified Fold increase in 3H-thymidine incorporation in response to chemokine stimulation ... [14,15] However, the role of chemokines specifically on B cells in RA has not been completely delineated In this study, we examined chemokine receptor expression by peripheral blood in both normal ... considered to play important roles in the pathogenesis of RA In this regard, the synovial tissue of RA patients shows abundant accumulation of inflammatory cells, including T cells, macrophages,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:22